On November 15, President Shavkat Mirziyoyev chaired a meeting on issues of uninterrupted energy supply to the population and sectors of the economy, improving efficiency at enterprises in the sphere.

The relevant tasks were identified at a video conference held on June 10. Today, the responsible persons reported on the work accomplished in fulfillment of these tasks and preparations for the autumn-winter season.

It was noted that gas is supplied in volumes commensurate with the growing demand of the population and sectors of the economy. As a result of the modernization of industries and increasing the energy efficiency of the economy, there is a decrease in losses. For example, in recent years, gas consumption for the production of industrial products has decreased by 1.6 times.

There is still a lot of work ahead. It is necessary to ensure a stable supply of energy to the population in the current season and subsequent years, and prepare a sufficient reserve for this.

These issues were discussed in the context of industries at the meeting.

According to calculations, 21 billion cubic meters of gas will be supplied to consumers this year during the winter season. If the air temperature drops sharply, the population's demand will increase even more. The responsible persons outlined a plan of action in such a situation by month and by district.

A separate reserve is provided for uninterrupted power supply to social institutions and enterprises. A system has been created for the targeted supply of natural gas to thermal power plants, chemical and metallurgical enterprises, as well as gas filling stations.

It was pointed out that it is necessary to resolutely continue the work started on accounting and control of gas in industries and further reduce losses. The task has been set to implement the identified gas saving opportunities in Andijan, Navoi and Tashkent regions, as well as other regions.

The Head of State gave instructions to responsible persons on organizing work at the level of districts and mahallas, solving issues related to energy supply directly on the ground, coordinating demand and consumption, and preventing interruptions.

The meeting also touched upon the processes of transformation in the gas sector. It was decided that industry enterprises will enter the international financial market and independently raise funds for modernization.

Digitalization and public-private partnerships offer the greatest opportunities in updating and regulating gas supply networks. In this regard, proposals were considered to attract private operators to the industry.

The President instructed to reduce the costs in the context of each industry and enterprises, optimize costs and accelerate the transformation process. The importance of expanding exploration activities with the involvement of leading foreign companies was emphasized.

Just a few years ago, the concept of the “smart city” was largely seen as a futuristic idea associated with digital control panels, autonomous transport, widespread sensor networks, and automated urban services.

Today, the smart city has become a practical tool for addressing modern urban challenges. This trend can be seen across countries facing rapid population growth, increasing migration to major metropolitan areas, overstretched infrastructure, and mounting climate risks.

In this context, smart technologies are no longer viewed as an end in themselves. Instead, they are increasingly used to improve the resilience and efficiency of key urban systems, including transport, energy, public utilities, waste management, and environmental monitoring. This allows cities to adapt more effectively to emerging challenges, reduce pressure on infrastructure, and improve the overall quality of urban life.

At the same time, smart city development is gaining strategic economic importance by creating long-term drivers of growth. Such projects attract substantial investment by combining digital infrastructure, innovative services, and principles of sustainable development.

The growth of smart urban areas also contributes to job creation in high-tech sectors ranging from IT and telecommunications to engineering and urban data analytics. In parallel, the modernization of urban infrastructure improves resource management and raises overall living standards.

Against this backdrop, the approaches taken by Uzbekistan and Azerbaijan deserve particular attention. Rather than simply following a global trend, both countries are developing their own models of smart urbanization — ones in which technology serves people and supports the creation of more comfortable, sustainable, and future-oriented cities.

In this regard, Uzbekistan offers a particularly notable example, as urbanization is becoming an increasingly pressing issue amid steady demographic growth. The country’s population is growing by approximately 1.8–2% annually, placing additional pressure on transport systems, housing, infrastructure, and social services.

Under these conditions, the government is focusing not on limited modernization of the existing urban environment, but on the creation of new growth centers. The Smart City concept adopted in 2019, followed by the Digital Uzbekistan – 2030 strategy, established the institutional foundation for the large-scale digital transformation of urban infrastructure and public services.

One of the most visible outcomes of this strategy is the New Tashkent project, whose significance extends far beyond that of a traditional urban development initiative.

In essence, the project aims to create a new economic, administrative, and investment hub capable of easing pressure on the existing capital while introducing a fundamentally new model of urban organization based on smart city principles and sustainable development.

In this case, the concept of the “15-minute city,” green infrastructure, digital governance, public transport prioritization, and energy efficiency are not treated as separate elements, but as components of a broader strategy aimed at expanding economic space and improving the quality of the urban environment.

Against this backdrop, New Tashkent illustrates how urbanization can serve not only as a response to infrastructure pressures, but also as a tool for creating new centers of economic growth capable of redistributing business activity and shaping the long-term development of the urban agglomeration.

This is also why the project has a distinctly international dimension. Its implementation involves Singapore’s Meinhardt Group, the UK-based Foster + Partners and Cross Works, the Dutch firm OMA, Japan’s Sojitz Corporation, South Korea’s Incheon International Airport Corporation, and other international partners. This reflects Uzbekistan’s efforts to integrate global expertise into its national development model.

Azerbaijan, in turn, has chosen a different approach to the development of smart urban spaces. Rather than building entirely new cities from scratch, the focus has been placed on the restoration and comprehensive modernization of recently reintegrated territories alongside the introduction of modern urban planning solutions and Smart City technologies.

This approach goes beyond the physical reconstruction of infrastructure and involves rethinking urban development through digital technologies, sustainable planning, and green standards.

Following the reintegration of Karabakh and Eastern Zangezur, Azerbaijan faced not only the challenge of rebuilding damaged territories, but also the task of their socio-economic reintegration into the country’s broader development framework. In this context, the concepts of Smart City and Smart Village have gained particular strategic importance, serving as the foundation for a new model of territorial planning and governance.

Within this model, technology is no longer viewed solely as a modernization tool, but as an instrument for comprehensive territorial development. It supports the rapid restoration of basic services, creates conditions for the return of displaced populations, stimulates economic activity, and enables more effective management of spatial development.

One of the clearest examples is Aghali — Azerbaijan’s first “smart village.” The project demonstrates how digital infrastructure, renewable energy, smart agriculture, and modern public services can become part of a new model of post-conflict reconstruction.

The village covers around 119 hectares and includes more than 200 modern eco-friendly homes equipped with smart systems, as well as social and public infrastructure facilities, including a school, kindergarten, medical center, ASAN xidmət and DOST service centers, small business facilities, and administrative buildings.

A similar development model can also be seen in Fizuli, Aghdam, Shusha, Khojaly, and several other settlements, where new infrastructure systems are being developed based on environmental sustainability, transport accessibility, and digital management of urban and rural services.

Like Uzbekistan, Azerbaijan also relies heavily on international cooperation as a key driver of modernization. Huawei is involved in implementing digital solutions, the World Bank provides analytical and advisory support, while Japan is expanding cooperation in smart infrastructure and green energy, contributing to the adoption of advanced technological practices.

Uzbekistan is building a new urban environment from the ground up, while Azerbaijan is developing its model against the backdrop of a complex historical and territorial transformation. At first glance, these are very different starting points. Yet this is precisely what makes the similarities in their approaches particularly notable. In both cases, digital infrastructure is not treated as an additional layer built onto the city, but as a core element shaping its future development from the outset.

At the same time, neither country is pursuing a model based on copying existing examples. The experiences of Singapore, Dubai, and Qatar are being studied, but not replicated. Instead, both states are developing their own models tailored to local demographic, geographic, historical, and social realities. This reflects not a limitation of choice, but the maturity of their strategic approach.

Against the backdrop of accelerating urbanization across Central Asia and the South Caucasus, the experiences of Uzbekistan and Azerbaijan are increasingly emerging as a kind of laboratory for new development models. While their strategies differ in tools and priorities, both are driven by the same objective: building a new generation of cities that combine technology, sustainability, adaptability, and a people-centered approach.

Abbosbek Mashrapov

Senior Research Fellow, International Institute for Central Asia

In the 21st century, the rapid development of global economic ties has further heightened the strategic importance of transport and logistics systems. From this perspective, strengthening transport cooperation among the member states of the Organization of Turkic States (OTS) —located in a key geoeconomic region connecting Europe and Asia—has become a priority.

Within the OTS framework, practical initiatives are being advanced to develop modern transport corridors, build up transit capacity, and create a single logistics space. This serves not only to deepen regional integration but also to ensure sustainable economic growth and connectivity across Eurasia.

The OTS countries are among Uzbekistan's primary trade and economic partners. Specifically, Uzbekistan maintains a large volume of trade with Kazakhstan, a free trade agreement with Azerbaijan, and most-favored-nation status with Turkey and Hungary.

In 2023, Uzbekistan's cargo transport volume with OTS member countries reached 17.5 million tons, accounting for nearly 38 percent of its total export-import shipments.

To further intensify multilateral cooperation within the Organization and strengthen the strategic partnership between its member states, the 12th Summit of the Organization of Turkic States was held on October 7, 2024, in Gabala, Azerbaijan, under the motto "Regional Peace and Security."

Following the summit, the parties adopted the 121-point Gabala Declaration. This document outlined a number of priority objectives for expanding cooperation in the political, economic, transport, communications, energy, and security spheres. The declaration paid special attention to the transport sector, identifying the further strengthening of transport connectivity between Europe and Asia, the enhancement of the region's transit potential, and the expansion of trade and economic ties as key tasks.

Additionally, the development of the Trans-Caspian International Transport Corridor (the Middle Corridor) was recognized as one of the organization's strategic priorities. Special emphasis was placed on increasing the efficiency of freight supply chains across Eurasia, diversifying transport routes, and enhancing the region's importance in the global logistics system by improving this corridor.

Furthermore, an agreement was reached at the summit to implement the "OTS+" format, aimed at expanding the geographical scope of cooperation between the Organization of Turkic States and external partners and third countries.

At this summit, the head of our state underscored the importance of connecting the Middle Corridor with the China–Kyrgyzstan–Uzbekistan railway and the Trans-Afghan Corridor, as well as digitalizing customs procedures and optimizing tariffs. The proposed initiatives were supported by the organization's member states, who expressed their readiness for joint work in these areas.

According to experts, the China–Kyrgyzstan–Uzbekistan railway is expected to create the shortest corridor from China to countries in Europe and the Middle East, reducing the distance by 900 kilometers and freight delivery times by 7–8 days.

The construction of the Uzbekistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan railway is another vital project for transregional cooperation. This project will link the South Asian railway system with the railway networks of Central Asia and Eurasia.

In recent years, as attention to the Trans-Caspian Corridor has grown, the volume of freight transported along it has been steadily increasing. In 2023, the transit of Uzbek cargo on this route through the Port of Baku exceeded 1.2 million tons, and there are plans to increase this figure to 1.5 million tons in the near future.

Uzbekistan is an active user of the strategic "China–Kyrgyzstan–Uzbekistan–Turkmenistan/Kazakhstan–Caspian Sea–Azerbaijan–Georgia–Turkey–Europe" route, which runs through the member states of the Organization of Turkic States (OTS). In cooperation with the OTS, special importance is attached to the development of this corridor. Specifically, large-scale work is underway to modernize infrastructure and coordinate logistics processes.

As the development and diversification of global logistics chains and transport corridors, along with the formation of a unified transit network, become particularly relevant, realizing the potential of the Organization of Turkic States is coming to the forefront.

Within the OTS framework, special attention is also given to implementing digital solutions in supply chains. In particular, an electronic permit exchange system (e-Permit) has been established among the Organization's member states, and the e-TIR system has been implemented with Azerbaijan. Alongside these efforts, solutions such as electronic customs, automated cargo tracking systems, and the "digital customs corridor" are being widely introduced in OTS countries.

The aforementioned initiatives are an important step toward creating a single transport space among the Turkic states. Through digital systems, new transport routes, and joint investments, the OTS countries are deepening their mutual integration and strengthening their positions within the Eurasian transport network.

IA “Dunyo”

On 23 September this year, a regular meeting of the Central Election Commission was held to discuss the accreditation of observers from abroad and from international organizations, as well as the organization of the activities of the Instant Information Center.

The interest of foreign countries and international organizations in the elections to the representative bodies of state power, which will be held this year in accordance with the updated electoral legislation, is extremely high.

In particular, it is expected that more than 1,000 international and foreign observers will participate in observing the elections, particularly about 400 from 50 countries, about 500 from 21 international organizations such as the Commonwealth of Independent States, the Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the Organization of Turkic States and another 60 from the election commissions of 26 foreign countries.

It should be noted that the Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe intends to participate in the observation of the elections in Uzbekistan with a comprehensive mission consisting of a core group, long-term and short-term observers, about 350 observers in total.

The great interest of foreign states and international organizations in the elections in Uzbekistan testifies to the international community's recognition of the democratic reforms being carried out in our country.

Accordingly, it was decided at the Central Election Commission meeting to accredit observers from international organizations who will participate in the elections to the Legislative Chamber of the Oliy Majlis and the local Councils (Kengashes), and some observers from international organizations such as the Commonwealth of Independent States, the CIS Inter-parliamentary Assembly and the Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe were accredited.

As of today, foreign and international organizations wishing to accredit observers can log into the “E-Saylov” information system in their country and enter data electronically in a specific format and submit it for review.

Another notable aspect of this process is that new samples of mandates of accredited foreign observers are automatically generated electronically through this system.

Also at the meeting of the Central Election Commission, the relevant decision was taken on the establishment of the Instant Information Center – “Call Center” - and the approval of its statutes. The “Call Center” will receive citizens' complaints centrally and provide them with legal explanations and consultations in real time.

The main objectives of the “Call Center” are to establish a dialog with citizens in real time during the election campaign, to provide the population with complete and reliable information on the activities of the commissions, the stages of the electoral process, to create the necessary conditions for the unconditional realization of citizens' rights to vote and appeal, and to strengthen their awareness of electoral legislation and processes.

Central Election Commission Press Service

The Regional Environmental Summit, to be held on 22–24 April 2026 in Astana, Kazakhstan, is of significant importance for Central Asia. Above all, it serves as clear evidence that the countries of the region are jointly seeking solutions to complex challenges such as climate change, water scarcity and land degradation. This reflects a transition to a new phase of environmental policy—one grounded in strong and sustained cooperation.

Shared Challenges Require Collective Solutions

Environmental challenges in Central Asia do not recognize national borders. The tragedy of the Aral Sea, inefficient use of transboundary water resources, desertification, and air pollution affect not just individual countries, but the future of the entire region.

In recent decades, unsustainable water management—particularly in the Amu Darya and Syr Darya basins—has increased pressure on both ecosystems and economic resilience. In this context, the regional summit represents a practical step forward—from acknowledging shared challenges to addressing them collectively.

The summit agenda outlines eight priority areas, reflecting a comprehensive approach to environmental policy. These include climate change mitigation; ensuring food security and ecosystem resilience; adaptation to natural risks and strengthening economic resilience; reducing air pollution and improving waste management; developing mechanisms to achieve environmental goals; sustainable management of natural resources; a just and inclusive green transition; and the development of environmental and digital competencies.

Thus, the summit agenda encompasses not only environmental, but also socio-economic dimensions.

Support for this initiative at the United Nations level adds considerable political and international weight to the process. It sends a strong signal that environmental issues are no longer confined to nature conservation alone—they are increasingly matters of security, economic stability and social well-being.

The participation of international financial institutions, such as the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank, is particularly important. It expands the potential to translate environmental initiatives into concrete projects, as addressing these challenges requires not only political commitments, but also substantial financial resources and advanced technologies.

The Green Transition: Opportunity or Challenge?

The concept of a “green transition” occupies a central place in the summit agenda. For Central Asian countries, this process is inherently dual in nature.

On the one hand, the transition to a green economy offers opportunities to attract investment, foster innovation and create new jobs. The development of renewable energy, resource-efficient technologies and sustainable agriculture can serve as key drivers of economic growth.

On the other hand, this transition requires large-scale reforms. Modernizing outdated infrastructure, upgrading industry, and strengthening environmental awareness among the population are complex and demanding tasks. This is precisely why the emphasis on a “just and inclusive green transition” is of fundamental importance.

Uzbekistan: Advancing Reforms and Environmental Initiatives

For Uzbekistan, the summit provides an important platform to present its environmental policy on the international stage. In recent years, the country has been implementing large-scale initiatives and programmes such as “Yashil Makon,” “Toza Havo,” “Bio Meros,” “Territory Without Waste” and “Eco-Culture,” demonstrating its proactive stance on the environmental agenda.

Particular attention is being given to the restoration of the Aral Sea region. Practical measures undertaken in this area position Uzbekistan as a significant partner not only regionally, but also globally, creating favorable conditions for attracting investment and expanding international cooperation.

Key Expected Outcomes of the Summit

The summit is expected to result in the signing of a number of strategically important documents, including a Joint Declaration of the Heads of State of Central Asia; a Regional Cooperation Programme with the United Nations for 2026–2030; memorandums on biodiversity, ecotourism, and ecosystem protection; agreements on the establishment of a regional early warning system for wildfires; and initiatives to create a transboundary “Peace Park.”

These documents will form a solid foundation for long-term cooperation and financing of environmental projects.

Conclusion: A Regional Response to Global Challenges

The Regional Environmental Summit highlights the growing role of Central Asia in the global environmental agenda. The forum represents an important step toward the development of a unified regional strategy aimed at reducing climate risks, conserving natural resources and ensuring sustainable development.

In the 21st century, "green" development has become not just a trend, but an unavoidable path for all of humanity. In the face of rapid climate change, intensifying water resource scarcity, and loss of biodiversity, sustainable development has become a priority for every nation. The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Sh.M. Mirziyoyev, speaking at international, regional, and national forums, consistently promotes the agenda of sustainable "green" development as the key to the prosperity of future generations.

The recently published book "The Path of 'Green' Development for New Uzbekistan" presents 310 quotes and 54 initiatives by Sh. Mirziyoyev, proposed during the period of 2017-2025, addressing climate change mitigation, rational use of water and natural resources, biodiversity conservation, and transition to a "green" economy.

Structurally, the book is divided into three chapters: "'Green' Development - the Path Chosen by Humanity," "Central Asia - The Course Towards 'Green' Development and the Future," and "New Uzbekistan on the Path of Sustainable Development."

Green development: the path humanity has chosen

 In the context of the global climate crisis, depletion of natural resources, and deterioration of environmental quality, an increasing number of countries are transitioning to a sustainable development model. Within this concept, a "green" economy is replacing raw material-industrial models centered on extraction, exploitation, and disregard for environmental risks.

The leader of Uzbekistan has repeatedly emphasized that for Central Asian countries, "green" development should become the foundation for a new stage of modernization: ..."only by efficiently utilizing limited land and water resources, addressing environmental issues, and embarking on the path of 'green' development, 'green' economy, and 'green' energy can we ensure sustainable development of the country and the well-being of its population. This is the only correct path." This quote reflects a fundamental shift in state policy: from narrow economic thinking to a strategic approach that focuses not only on profit and growth but also on environmental preservation, ecosystem sustainability, and public health. This is precisely why Sh. Mirziyoyev advocates the idea that the green course is not a fashionable trend, but a long-term necessity. Supporting the transition to green energy sources, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, strengthening environmental legislation, and educating the public are all part of a systemic green reform.

The President consistently emphasizes that responsibility for the future lies not only with developed countries but also with emerging economies. In this context, he declared at the UN General Assembly (2023): "At this pivotal historical moment, we all must reflect on what kind of planet we will leave for future generations." This appeal aims to mobilize the global community, but primarily reflects Uzbekistan's internal transformation - a course towards sustainability, resource conservation, and climate justice. In this regard, we present the following scientifically grounded proposals of the President.

Firstly, "climate change has become one of the main challenges for sustainable development in Central Asia," declared the President of Uzbekistan at the COP28 summit in Dubai. He emphasized that "the transition to a 'green' economy and achieving carbon neutrality are strategic objectives of New Uzbekistan."

Secondly, "Climate change has become one of the main challenges to sustainable development. This is especially acute in Central Asia and adjacent regions against the backdrop of the Aral Sea tragedy - one of the most devastating ecological crises of our time."

Thirdly, "the rise in air temperature in Central Asia is twice the global average, the number of extremely hot days has doubled, and a third of glacier masses have melted."

Fourthly, "soil degradation, regular dust and sand storms, drinking water shortages, air pollution, biodiversity loss, sharp decline in crop yields, and many other factors are negatively impacting the quality of life of millions of residents in the region."

Fifthly, the President also called for "swift agreement on the Global Framework for Climate Change Adaptation within the Paris Agreement." He also addressed the topic of global transition to a low-carbon economy. According to him, this process "must be fair, transparent, and inclusive" and "must necessarily take into account the interests of developing countries."

Sixthly, to transform the Aral Sea region into a Zone of Innovation, Technology, and New Opportunities, the head of Uzbekistan invited everyone to close cooperation "in creating an International Climate Technology Expo Hub in this region." Additionally, the President proposed to "establish scientific exchange and conduct joint research on the platform of the Climate Science Forum," which is being created on the basis of Green University in Tashkent, involving scientists and experts from foreign countries.

Central Asia: Charting a Course Towards "Green" Development and Future

 Global climate change is one of the most serious problems of our time, affecting all countries worldwide and becoming a significant obstacle to sustainable "green" development. The observed warming is causing extreme natural phenomena across the globe, such as droughts, hurricanes, scorching heat, fires, torrential rains, and floods.

Uzbekistan and other Central Asian states are among the countries most vulnerable to environmental disasters. Against the backdrop of a general increase in climate threats, Central Asia is developing its own regional response to the challenges of global warming and environmental degradation. The initiatives of the President of Uzbekistan on international platforms demonstrate that green transformation is not just a national priority, but also an interstate one.

Speaking at the 78th session of the UN General Assembly (2023), the President emphasized: "Today, the world is facing a severe ecological situation. The triple planetary crisis, caused by climate change, loss of biodiversity, and environmental pollution, is intensifying.

Under these challenging conditions, Central Asia, which continues to grapple with the tragedy of the Aral Sea, is becoming one of the regions most vulnerable to climate change."

This quote indicates the need for regional integration in the field of environmental safety. The President emphasizes the importance of joint actions in the management of natural resources, in particular transboundary waters. He initiated the development of a Regional Strategy to combat desertification and land degradation, emphasizing that sustainable agriculture and biodiversity conservation are only possible through coordinated efforts.

As part of this initiative, the following proposals were put forward:

First proposal: establishment of a Regional Center for Climate Technologies;

Second proposal: creation of a unified "green" energy space;

Third proposal: joint projects for reforestation and combating desertification, particularly in the dried-up seabed of the Aral Sea;

Fourth proposal: development of transboundary water diplomacy based on the principles of the Helsinki Convention.

In recent years, at Uzbekistan's initiative, the UN General Assembly has adopted more than ten special resolutions. Many of these directly address environmental issues in Central Asia and reflect Uzbekistan's active role in regional environmental diplomacy.

It is particularly noteworthy that all international initiatives and efforts of Uzbekistan's leader in this field are rooted in our national values, passed down from our ancestors over millennia. It should be emphasized that the environmental initiatives presented by the head of state at global forums receive widespread support from the international community and make a tangible contribution to ensuring sustainable "green" development at the global level.

For instance, one of Uzbekistan's landmark achievements was the adoption of a Special Resolution by the UN General Assembly in 2021, declaring the Aral Sea region a zone of environmental innovations and technologies. This marks the first time the UN General Assembly has granted such a high status to a region. This is because, due to the drying up of the Aral Sea, the Aral Sea region has become the epicenter of a global ecological disaster, a territory with an elevated risk to human health and ecosystem instability.

Water resource management issues in the region also remain within the focus of the President of Uzbekistan. "Effective water resource management with neighboring countries is key to sustainable development not only for Uzbekistan but for our entire region." This statement is particularly relevant for Central Asia, where water is becoming an increasingly scarce and politically sensitive resource. The leader of Uzbekistan advocates for the establishment of sustainable mechanisms for the distribution and joint management of water flows, which should reduce tensions and ensure harmonious development.

At the SCO summit in Bishkek (June 14, 2019), Shavkat Mirziyoyev proposed adopting the SCO "Green Belt" program to introduce resource-saving and environmentally friendly technologies in the organization's member countries. At the 14th ECO Summit (March 4, 2021), the Head of Uzbekistan put forward an initiative to develop and approve a medium-term strategy aimed at ensuring energy sustainability and broadly attracting investments and modern technologies to this sector.

At the Third Consultative Meeting of Central Asian Heads of State, held on August 6, 2021, in Turkmenistan, the President of Uzbekistan advocated for the development of a regional "Green Agenda" program for Central Asia. This program aims to facilitate the adaptation of countries in the region to climate change. The main focus areas of the program could include gradual decarbonization of the economy, rational use of water resources, integration of energy-efficient technologies into the economy, and increasing the share of renewable energy production.

Overall, against the backdrop of the increasing prominence of the international climate agenda, Uzbekistan's ongoing systemic environmental policy in the field of environmental protection aims to further improve the ecological situation in the Central Asian region.

Uzbekistan's New Path Towards Sustainable Development

 Today, Uzbekistan is actively integrating the principles of "green" transformation into its development strategies, laying the foundation for long-term sustainable growth. This is not merely a response to global challenges, but also an aspiration to enhance the quality of life for our citizens, generate new employment opportunities, and foster the country's sustainable "green" development. At present, "green" development in Uzbekistan has been elevated to the status of a nationwide movement. The primary objective of New Uzbekistan's transition to a "green" course is to safeguard human dignity, improve the population's well-being, and protect the fundamental rights of its citizens.

For Uzbekistan, the transition to "green" development is not an abstract concept or something far removed from reality. This notion has become an integral part of our country's constitutional course, encompassing all sectors of the economy and public life.

President Sh. Mirziyoyev emphasizes: "It is of great importance to accelerate the transition to an economy based on the careful management of water, energy, and other natural resources.

The task of developing 'green' and digital technologies, as well as production enterprises, is also crucial for us."

This is not merely a scientific and philosophical statement, but a guiding principle of state environmental policy. Under this slogan, various programs are being developed:

• increasing the share of renewable energy (target - at least 30% by 2030);
• reducing water losses in the agricultural sector through the use of digital systems and precision farming;
• improving energy efficiency of residential and industrial buildings;
• creating "smart" and "green" cities, including within the framework of the "Tashkent - Green Capital" project.

One example is the construction of solar and wind power plants in Navoi, Bukhara, and Samarkand regions. These projects are being implemented with the participation of major foreign investors (Masdar, ACWA Power) and are creating new jobs while reducing the burden on hydrocarbon resources.

Sh.Mirziyoyev also emphasizes the need to cultivate new ecological thinking in young people: "Understanding nature, environmental education and upbringing, forming environmental awareness and ecological culture among the population, especially among youth, which promote kindness, compassion, and mercy, are among the important tasks that must be accomplished to preserve the environment."

In this context, special attention is paid to environmental education, promoting sustainable practices, and supporting startups in the field of eco-technologies and green innovations. The creation of a national environmental performance rating for regions and institutions has become a tool for stimulating sustainable change.

Thus, Uzbekistan is becoming an example of a systematic approach to sustainable "green" development, combining environmental goals with economic growth and social justice. The principles of the "green" economy are increasingly being integrated into national planning, making Uzbekistan not only a participant but also an active driver of the international green agenda.

Conclusions: Prospects for the Future

 First conclusion. The approach being implemented in New Uzbekistan under the leadership of President Shavkat Mirziyoyev exemplifies the synergy of political will, scientific knowledge, national policy, and international cooperation. "Green" development is not a trend or a temporary solution. It is a strategic choice, a path chosen by humanity, and Uzbekistan demonstrates how this path can be realized in the face of global challenges.

Second conclusion. The initiatives and statements of Uzbekistan's leader demonstrate that green development for Uzbekistan is not a temporary agenda, but a strategic vector for a promising future. The framework of an environmentally responsible state is being systematically formed: with new laws, institutions, technologies, and public awareness.

Third conclusion. A distinctive feature of the Uzbek approach is its comprehensiveness: from global leadership in climate diplomacy to the practical transformation of energy, land use, and water management. Sh. Mirziyoyev not only articulates the principles of sustainable development but also ensures their institutional establishment, investment, and public support.

Fourth conclusion. Thus, the path to a "green" future, proposed and implemented by New Uzbekistan, can serve as a model for countries facing similar challenges and opportunities. This is a path where economic progress goes hand in hand with care for the planet, where political will translates into concrete actions, and sustainability becomes a new norm for human development.

“Uzbekistan - 2030” strategy, adopted on 11 September 2023, identifies sustainable economic growth, the establishment of modern education, healthcare and social protection systems, creation of favorable environmental conditions, building a just and modern state and guaranteed national sovereignty and security as its priority areas. At the core of all reforms is the aim to increase citizens’ welfare, strengthen public trust in the state and ensure confidence in the future. The strategy represents a shift from goal-setting to results-based management, with clear accountability, measurable outcomes and linked financing.

Since its adoption, Uzbekistan has achieved significant progress. Between 2023 and 2025, nominal GDP rose from USD 107.5 billion to USD 140 billion, while exports, foreign investment and innovative activity also grew. Social indicators reflect the reforms’ impact: unemployment fell from 6.8% to 4.9% and poverty decreased from 11% to 6.8%.

What are the reasons for updating the “Uzbekistan - 2030” Strategy?

The need to accelerate the country’s further development has prompted the update of the strategy and its target indicators. The “Uzbekistan - 2030” Strategy has been revised in light of both external and internal factors.

External factors include the global geopolitical environment, international economic trends, technological innovations, environmental and natural changes and the growing demand for energy and water resources. Internal factors encompass demographic growth, urbanization and migration, which require strengthening institutional quality and improving governance efficiency.

In response to these challenges, a draft of the “Uzbekistan - 2030” Strategy for 2026-2030 has been developed and published for nationwide public discussion.

Within the updated Strategy, while retaining the same five priorities and 100 goals, certain tasks and performance indicators have been revised. Many of the previously established targets have already been achieved and new objectives have been added, resulting in an expanded and updated set of performance indicators. Moreover, the document specifies the responsible ministries and agencies as well as the concrete funding sources required to achieve each goal.

In which areas do the reforms provide “mechanisms for change”?

Economy. The largest number of tasks and performance indicators fall under “II. Ensuring the well-being of the population through sustainable economic growth.” The Strategy sets a target GDP of USD 240 billion by 2030 through measures such as maintaining annual inflation at 5–6%, ensuring fiscal stability, enhancing the country’s investment attractiveness, efficiently utilizing domestic raw materials and developing high-tech-based industry and services. The plan also emphasizes deepening Uzbekistan’s integration into global transport and logistics networks and strengthening the export potential of the national economy.

Transitioning to a green economy, transforming the country into a regional “IT HUB” through digital technology development, increasing competition in the banking sector, creating the most favorable conditions for entrepreneurial activity and implementing comprehensive regional development will generate new jobs, ensure employment and increase citizens’ incomes. These measures are expected to reduce poverty, enhance overall well-being and stimulate the growth of key economic sectors, particularly construction, tourism and the service industry.

Education. The Strategy also aims to create favorable conditions for realizing the potential of the youth as well as developing the education and healthcare sectors. Under “I. Creating dignified conditions for the realization of each person’s potential,” performance indicators have been established to achieve goals by 2030, such as ensuring that 50% of graduates from general education schools and academic lyceums receive higher education and secure employment in sectors offering fair wages. Additionally, the inclusion of 10 higher education institutions in the global top-1000 rankings (QS, THE, ARWU) will enhance the competitiveness of Uzbek youth not only in domestic labor markets but also internationally.

The implementation of a cluster system “enterprise – university – research organization” will contribute to the expansion of innovative products in the economy’s “driver” sectors. The Strategy envisions the creation of spin-off type production clusters at higher education institutions to accelerate the process of integrating scientists’ research ideas into economic practice in areas such as transport and logistics, agricultural production, energy, biotechnology, geology and metalworking, mechanical engineering and electronics. Developing science, especially among youth, will improve Uzbekistan’s position in the Global Innovation Index and enable the country to enter the list of the top 60 most innovative nations worldwide.

Health. It is often said that a person’s education reduces health risks and increases life expectancy, while health - physical, mental and social - is the foundation for a full life and self-realization. The Strategy sets goals for the next five years to increase the average life expectancy of the population, reduce premature mortality from cardiovascular diseases (ages 30–69), cancer and respiratory diseases and decrease the incidence of life-threatening congenital defects in newborns. In maternal and child healthcare, nine performance indicators have been established. The Strategy also prioritizes promoting healthy nutrition and lifestyles among the population and reducing adult obesity rates.

Social Protection. For vulnerable segments of the population, the state will continue its policy of fundamentally improving the system of professional social services, establishing a new support system for persons with disabilities and creating a comfortable and favorable environment for them. For children left without parental care, 100% implementation of alternative, non-institutional forms of care will be ensured and for children with special educational needs, coverage by inclusive education will be increased.

The state pays special attention to the expansion of women’s rights and opportunities. Different cultures have diverse perceptions of the roles of men and women, shaped by history, religion and traditions. At the same time, globalization and potential prospects for the country’s development require the implementation of policies ensuring gender equality and increasing the social and political activity of women. The draft Strategy includes tasks such as expanding the number of women trained in professional and entrepreneurial skills, increasing the number of women actively using information and communication technologies, raising the share of women in leadership positions to over 30 percent, and regulating family relations in households experiencing conflict or on the verge of divorce.

Ecology, Law and Security. The priorities of “Conservation of water resources and environmental protection”, “Ensuring the rule of law and organizing public administration oriented toward serving the people” and “Consistent continuation of a policy based on the principle of a safe and peaceful state” are also included in the Strategy, with specific tasks and performance indicators outlined.

Mechanisms for Achieving Goals for Each Priority

The mechanisms for achieving goals under each priority are reflected in strategic documents. For example, to implement the objectives of the priority “Conservation of water resources and environmental protection”, the National Climate Strategy for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation and the Strategy for Industrial Waste Management have been developed.

To develop the driver sectors of the economy and achieve GDP growth to 240 billion dollars by 2030, sectoral strategies have been formulated: Strategy for the Development of Industry of Uzbekistan, Strategy for the Development of the Automotive Industry, Strategy for the Development of Light Industry, Strategy for the Development of the Building Materials Industry, Strategy for the Development of the Jewelry Industry, Strategy for the Development of Tourism in Uzbekistan, Strategy for the Modernization, Accelerated and Innovative Development of the Construction Sector and others.

The development and implementation of strategic documents at the regional level will allow achieving goals and objectives in a comprehensive and targeted manner. For instance, Strategies for Comprehensive Development of All Spheres by 2030 in each region of the country consider socio-economic development through the lens of the local economy and the well-being of the population. The development of such documents involves not only local authorities but also leading ministries and agencies, including the Ministry of Economy and Finance, Ministry of Investments, Industry and Trade, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Digital Technologies, Ministry of Employment and Poverty Reduction, Ministry of Energy, National Committee on Ecology and Climate Change and others.

The development of sections of the Strategy involved national think tanks, such as the Institute of Macroeconomic and Regional Research, Center for Economic Research and Reforms, etc. This demonstrates that Uzbekistan implements a scientifically grounded policy (evidence-based policy), where decision-making in various spheres - economy, social policy, ecology, law and security - is based on scientific data, forecasts and expert assessments to achieve medium- and long-term goals.

Key expected outcomes until 2030 (macro outcomes)

The main outcomes of the updated “Uzbekistan – 2030” Strategy are expressed through economic, social, environmental, and other indicators. In the economic sphere, it is expected to achieve macroeconomic stability and sustainable GDP growth up to USD 240 billion, transform the country into a regional “IT HUB” and enter the top 60 most innovative countries in the world, deepen the republic’s integration into global transport and logistics networks and strengthen the export potential of the national economy. Creating a favorable business climate and sustainable jobs as well as ensuring employment for the population, will help reduce income inequality and poverty, with the elimination of absolute poverty based on minimum consumer expenditure and reducing its level to zero percent.

In the social sphere, Strategy provides for creating decent conditions to realize the potential of young people and improving education and healthcare, reflected in target indicators such as increasing life expectancy to 78 years, achieving 80% coverage of children in kindergartens, and 50% coverage in higher education. It also aims to enhance the quality of university education, include 10 higher education institutions in the TOP-1000 rankings of the world’s most prestigious universities (QS, THE, ARWU) and implement a cluster system connecting enterprises, universities and research organizations.

In the environmental sphere, the Strategy envisions continuing the transition to a green economy, introducing green energy technologies, constructing buildings that meet “green” standards, promoting a culture of rational water use, developing water-saving technologies, preventing air pollution and mitigating the negative impacts of climate change.

Doctor of Economic Sciences, Professor D.M. Karimova

Institute of Macroeconomic and Regional Studies

Republic of Uzbekistan

The text of the article is in Uzbek!

Amid ongoing global geoeconomic transformations, Central Asia is increasingly emerging as one of the key hubs of Eurasian connectivity.

Against this backdrop, Uzbekistan has consistently strengthened its position as a proactive advocate of regional dialogue, transport integration, and economic cooperation between Central and South Asia.

One of the most prominent manifestations of this strategy is the Termez Dialogue, a new international platform aimed at fostering sustainable links between the two macro-regions.

Accordingly, the central message of the inaugural meeting of the Termez Dialogue on Connectivity between Central and South Asia, held in May 2025, was reflected in the forum’s theme: “Building a Common Space of Peace, Friendship, and Prosperity.”

The event was jointly organized by the Institute for Strategic and Regional Studies under the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Uzbekistan. The forum brought together approximately 200 participants from Central and South Asia, Europe, the Middle East, and the Asia-Pacific region.

The choice of Termez as the venue was highly symbolic. As Uzbekistan’s southern gateway and a major transport and logistics hub on the Afghan border, the city has historically served as a bridge between regions and is now evolving into a platform for shaping a new model of interregional cooperation.

TRANSPORT CONNECTIVITY AS THE FOUNDATION OF REGIONAL INTEGRATION

The Termez Dialogue reflects Uzbekistan’s strategic vision of creating an open and interconnected Eurasian space. In recent years, Tashkent has consistently promoted the idea of linking Central and South Asia through the development of transport corridors, energy cooperation, and humanitarian exchanges.

One of the most significant initiatives in this regard is the construction of the Trans-Afghan Railway “Termez–Mazar-i-Sharif–Kharlachi.” The project is expected to substantially reduce cargo transit times between Central Asia and Pakistan’s seaports, providing regional countries with direct access to the Indian Ocean. Uzbekistan remains actively engaged in negotiations with Afghanistan and Pakistan to advance this initiative, viewing it as a cornerstone of a future Eurasian transport corridor.

Another practical example of connectivity is the modernization of Termez’s transport and logistics infrastructure. The international transport hub in Surkhandarya Region already plays a crucial role in facilitating humanitarian assistance to Afghanistan and supporting southbound transit transportation. Through the development of multimodal transport routes, Uzbekistan is strengthening its position as a key transit state in the region.

Particular attention is also being devoted to energy connectivity. Uzbekistan continues to export electricity to Afghanistan while simultaneously promoting projects aimed at expanding regional power networks. These measures contribute not only to economic integration but also to the creation of a foundation for long-term stability in neighboring countries.

GEOPOLITICAL TRANSFORMATION AND THE GROWING IMPORTANCE OF CENTRAL ASIA

In recent years, regional connectivity has acquired not only economic but also strategic significance for Central Asia.

The conflict in the Persian Gulf, accompanied by strikes on military and energy infrastructure, has demonstrated the vulnerability of traditional transport and logistics routes passing through the Middle East. Under these circumstances, Central Asia’s role as an alternative corridor for transit and a zone of political stability has become increasingly important.

For Uzbekistan, these new geopolitical realities present both challenges and opportunities. On the one hand, instability surrounding Iran increases risks to international trade, energy supplies, and regional security. On the other hand, demand is growing for overland corridors linking East Asia, South Asia, and Europe while bypassing areas affected by military tensions.

As a result, the connectivity projects promoted by Tashkent are increasingly viewed not merely as regional initiatives but as integral elements of a new Eurasian logistics architecture.

The Trans-Afghan Corridor has gained particular significance in this context. Against the backdrop of potential disruptions to maritime transport through the Strait of Hormuz and growing risks along Middle Eastern routes, the **Termez–Mazar-i-Sharif–Kabul–Peshawar railway** could become one of the shortest and safest overland connections between Central Asia and the ports of the Indian Ocean. This has increased interest in the project not only among regional states but also among major external actors seeking to diversify trade routes.

Furthermore, tensions surrounding Iran have brought issues of food and energy security into sharper focus. In response, Uzbekistan has intensified regional coordination efforts concerning electricity supplies, logistics, and humanitarian engagement with Afghanistan.

In this context, Termez is evolving from a border city into a critical hub of regional crisis-response infrastructure.

THE TERMEZ DIALOGUE AS A MECHANISM FOR INSTITUTIONALIZING COOPERATION

The significance of the Termez Dialogue extends far beyond transport and economic issues.

The platform is gradually developing into an institutional mechanism for cooperation between Central and South Asia. Experts increasingly describe the forum as a step toward the formation of a new architecture of interregional interaction.

Against the backdrop of escalating tensions in the Middle East, Uzbekistan continues to promote a diplomatic model of regional development based on the principles of neutrality, pragmatism, and multilateral cooperation.

At a time of growing confrontation in global politics, the Termez Dialogue serves as a platform where discussions encompass not only trade and transport but also mechanisms for maintaining the resilience of the broader Eurasian space.

This explains the growing international support for Uzbekistan’s initiative. The themes addressed within the Termez Dialogue are increasingly discussed at international forums, reflecting broader recognition of Tashkent’s role as a mediator and integrator across Eurasia.

Uzbekistan is advancing an alternative model of regional development based on dialogue, economic cooperation, and infrastructure connectivity. Consequently, the Termez Dialogue is becoming not merely a diplomatic initiative but an important element of an emerging framework for interregional cooperation.

CLIMATE AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES WITHIN THE CONNECTIVITY AGENDA

At the same time, Uzbekistan emphasizes a comprehensive approach to addressing regional challenges. During the second meeting of the Termez Dialogue, particular attention was devoted to climate resilience, water security, and joint responses to environmental challenges.

Organizers stressed that climate-related risks have become common challenges for both Central and South Asia and therefore require coordinated solutions.

In particular, Uzbekistan advocates expanding regional cooperation on the rational management of transboundary water resources within the Amu Darya and Syr Darya basins, which directly affect the food and energy security of regional states.

Special attention is also being paid to environmental degradation in the Aral Sea region. Uzbekistan continues to promote international initiatives aimed at ecosystem restoration, including the establishment of the International Innovation Center for the Aral Sea Region and the implementation of large-scale afforestation programs on the dried seabed of the Aral Sea.

Over recent years, millions of hectares have been planted with saxaul trees, making this one of Central Asia’s largest climate adaptation projects.

In addition, Tashkent actively promotes green energy initiatives as a component of regional sustainability. Uzbekistan is implementing major solar and wind power projects with the participation of investors from the UAE, Saudi Arabia, and China.

The development of renewable energy is viewed not only as a domestic priority but also as a foundation for future cross-border energy cooperation between Central and South Asia.

Another example of this comprehensive approach is the discussion of regional mechanisms for responding to climate emergencies, including droughts, dust storms, and water shortages.

Uzbekistan has proposed intensifying the exchange of hydrometeorological data and scientific research among regional countries, emphasizing that environmental security is becoming an integral component of the broader connectivity architecture.

CONCLUSION

Today, it is increasingly evident that Uzbekistan is steadily consolidating its role as one of the principal drivers of regional connectivity.

Through transport projects, diplomatic platforms, and economic initiatives, Tashkent is contributing to the transformation of Central Asia into an active center of Eurasian interaction.

Within this process, the Termez Dialogue has emerged as a symbol of a new regional strategy – one based on openness, pragmatism, and mutually beneficial development.

Author: Shukhrat Tukhtabaev,

Chief Research Fellow

Center for Foreign Policy Studies

(Uzbekistan)

Introduction: The Significance of President Shavkat Mirziyoyev’s participation in the 80th session of the United Nations General Assembly

The participation of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the 80th session of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) this September held profound political and historic significance not only for our country but for the entire region. Speaking from this prestigious platform, which gathers heads of state from across the globe, Uzbekistan raised critical issues including sustainable development, combating climate change, ensuring food security, and the efficient management of water resources.

Through his address at the United Nations, a premier global institution, our President further solidified Uzbekistan’s international standing and reputation as a proactive and responsible state. Notably, by showcasing the ecological and innovative initiatives being implemented in the Aral Sea region, Uzbekistan demonstrated its openness to global cooperation in addressing pressing environmental challenges.

Another significant aspect of this participation is the integration of Uzbekistan’s international environmental initiatives into the global political agenda, highlighting the Aral Sea region as an open platform for advancing climate technologies.

During the visit, the initiatives concerning the Aral Sea region received significant attention from the international community.

During his address at the 80th session of the United Nations General Assembly, our President paid special attention to the environmental disaster in the Aral Sea region and the ongoing initiatives aimed at mitigating its consequences. This issue has garnered significant focus from the international community, reaffirming that the Aral Sea crisis is recognized not only as a regional challenge but also as a global environmental concern.

Uzbekistan’s initiative to transform the Aral Sea region into a hub of sustainable development and innovation has received strong support from international partners. In particular, significant opportunities were highlighted for implementing joint projects in areas such as green energy, water-saving technologies, ecotourism, and the restoration of biodiversity.

Thus, the raising of the Aral Sea issue on the prestigious platform of the United Nations during the visit served as a significant political and practical foundation for strengthening global cooperation and attracting increased attention from international donors and organizations.

Transforming the Aral Sea region into a hub for global climate technologies.

The challenges arising from the desiccation of the Aral Sea serve as a profound lesson for the entire world. In response, Uzbekistan aims to transform the Aral Sea region into a “global laboratory” by implementing advanced practices in green energy, water-saving technologies, biodiversity restoration, and climate change adaptation.

Such an approach not only addresses regional challenges but also offers an effective model for the international community. The projects being implemented in the Aral Sea region can subsequently serve as a replicable framework for other areas facing the impacts of climate change.

On May 18, 2021, during the 75th Session of the United Nations General Assembly, our President put forward the initiative to designate the Aral Sea region as a hub for ecological innovations and technologies. This proposal received enthusiastic support from the United Nations and the international community, and was unanimously adopted by all member states during the General Assembly plenary session. This resolution underscores Uzbekistan’s consistent and steadfast commitment to addressing the Aral Sea crisis and mitigating associated risks through a principled and effective approach.

The Aral disaster and its lessons for humanity.

The Aral Sea disaster is recognized worldwide as one of the greatest environmental catastrophes in human history. Once the fourth-largest lake in the world by surface area, the Aral Sea has almost completely dried up over the past half-century. This tragic development has dealt a severe blow to the regional climate, biodiversity, public health, and economy.

The drying up of the Aral Sea stands as a vivid example of human intervention that was not in harmony with nature. Excessive and inefficient use of water in irrigation, coupled with ineffective irrigation systems and planning errors, led to this major environmental disaster.

This tragedy underscored the necessity for humanity to use natural resources efficiently and wisely, highlighting the importance of developing water supply and agriculture solely based on sustainable technologies. At the same time, it clearly demonstrated that ensuring environmental security requires global solidarity and close international cooperation.

The imperative of sustainable development in the region.

The Aral Sea region today represents one of the most critical challenges for environmental, social, and economic sustainability in Uzbekistan and the broader Central Asian region. The limitations of natural resources, issues related to water supply, ongoing desertification processes, and declining living standards underscore the urgent need to implement a comprehensive sustainable development strategy in this area.

The necessity for sustainable development in the Aral Sea region is grounded in several key factors. Primarily, environmental security remains a pressing concern: frequent dust storms, soil degradation, and the loss of biodiversity pose direct threats to public health and the quality of life. Additionally, economic considerations are paramount, as the modernization of agriculture — the main source of income for the local population — requires the adoption of water-saving and innovative technologies.

Ensuring social sustainability requires a comprehensive set of measures aimed at creating new employment opportunities, increasing household incomes, and mitigating the risks of environmental migration. Furthermore, given that the challenges in the Aral Sea region transcend regional boundaries and hold global significance, addressing them necessitates reliance on international cooperation and partnership.

Opportunities of the Aral Sea region as an international innovation hub and platform for cooperation.

It is widely recognized that Uzbekistan has undertaken extensive and positive national efforts to combat the adverse environmental and public health impacts caused by the drying up of the Aral Sea. Since the early years of independence, the population of the White Aral Sea region has consistently felt the substantial support of the Uzbek government. The Government of Uzbekistan remains committed to paying continuous attention to the social welfare of the communities residing in the Aral Sea area.

Today, the Aral Sea region serves as an international innovation hub, playing a crucial role in promoting sustainable development in an area severely affected by ecological crisis. Through scientific, innovative, and practical projects, the center actively advances comprehensive work in key sectors including environmental protection, water resource management, agricultural technologies, energy, climate adaptation, and international cooperation.

In order to enhance the activities of the Center and further develop ecological and innovative technologies in the Aral Sea region, the Aral Sea International Innovation Center was transferred under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Ecology, Environmental Protection, and Climate Change of the Republic of Uzbekistan, in accordance with Presidential Decree No. PQ-171 dated May 31, 2023.

In accordance with Presidential Decree No. PQ-5202 dated July 29, 2021, a modern laboratory, business accelerator training center, and technopark building, valued at 12.4 billion Uzbek soms, were completed and commissioned in 2024 within the Center’s premises. The laboratory is equipped with a plant seed gene bank and serves as a crucial scientific and innovative platform for preserving biodiversity in the region, protecting both native and introduced species, and achieving high efficiency in agricultural practices.

Currently, efforts are underway to commence full-scale operations at the facility, enrich the gene bank with an extensive seed collection, organize scientific research, and enhance the expertise of local specialists. This initiative not only supports sustainable agricultural development in Uzbekistan but also plays a crucial role in ensuring food security amid climate change and advancing international scientific cooperation across the entire Central Asian region.

Over the past period, the Center has established effective cooperation with a range of international and local organizations, as well as research institutes, in conducting scientific research and implementing projects. In particular, agreements and memoranda of understanding have been signed with over 70 foreign and domestic entities. Currently, 20 scientific-practical and innovative projects with a total value of 23.9 billion Uzbek soms are being carried out. These projects encompass alternative green energy, aquaculture, intensive horticulture, medicinal plant cultivation, resource-saving technologies, and social programs.

The Center’s activities are primarily focused on improving the living standards of the population, introducing and developing salt- and drought-tolerant crops, and implementing resource-efficient technologies. At the same time, it carries out scientific-practical and innovative initiatives aimed at restoring ecosystems, preserving biodiversity, and enhancing the quality of life in collaboration with leading international organizations. Among these partners are the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the International Center for Biosaline Agriculture (ICBA, UAE), the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography (China), the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ), the Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI), the Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA), the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), and other prestigious institutions.

The “Samanbay” (24.3 hectares) scientific-production site in Nukus district and the “Moynoq” (106 hectares) site in Moynoq district serve as the primary experimental and testing bases of the Center. At these sites, experimental research and monitoring activities are being conducted in cooperation with foreign and local organizations. Additionally, the Center hosts joint laboratories established in partnership with international collaborators, as well as its own in vitro, soil, water, and plant biotechnology laboratories. These infrastructures support the deepening of scientific research carried out in the experimental fields and enhance the effectiveness of ongoing studies.

Each of the ongoing projects is aimed at creating long-term solutions for the Aral Sea region. Thanks to its innovative approach and international cooperation, the Aral Sea International Innovation Center is gradually becoming the primary platform in Central Asia for scientific research, technological development, and sustainable development.

In its future plans, the Aral Sea International Innovation Center aims to ensure environmental sustainability by implementing innovative eco-technologies, including desertification control measures and smart agriculture solutions.

Simultaneously, to strengthen scientific research activities, plans have been made to establish modern laboratories, a business accelerator, a training center, a technopark, experimental sites, and data analysis centers.

The Center aims to implement large-scale joint projects by further expanding cooperation with international organizations. Additionally, one of the Center’s priority directions is developing programs focused on fostering innovative ideas, creating startups, and enhancing professional skills for farmers, entrepreneurs, local communities, youth, and women.

Conclusion

The Strategic significance of the initiative to transform the Aral Sea region into a global hub for climate technologies.

The initiative to transform the Aral Sea region into a global hub for climate technologies holds strategic significance not only on a regional scale but also worldwide. Its core essence lies in ensuring environmental sustainability, conserving water resources, mitigating desertification processes, and restoring biodiversity.

At the same time, the introduction of solar and wind energy, modern irrigation systems, and innovative technologies will open broad avenues for the development of a green economy in the region. This initiative will strengthen cooperation with international organizations such as the United Nations and the Green Climate Fund, creating new employment opportunities for the local population and enhancing overall prosperity.

Most importantly, the Aral Sea region’s experience will serve as an effective model in addressing climate change and water resource challenges on a global scale in the future.

Director of the Aral Sea International Innovation Centre under the Ministry of Ecology, Environmental Protection and Climate Change of the Republic of Uzbekistan

B.S.Khabibullaev