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Is landlocked Uzbekistan a disadvantage or an advantage?
Is landlocked Uzbekistan a disadvantage or an advantage?

Despite its limited access to the world's major ports, Uzbekistan can fully develop its transportation and logistics industry through the formation of land transport corridors, developing them throughout the Eurasian region. Being located in the center of the crossroads of trade routes during the Great Silk Road, Uzbekistan has a unique opportunity to become an important provider of logistics of cargo flows between China and Southern Europe, on the one hand, and the Indian Peninsula and CIS, Northern Europe, on the other hand.
Landlocked countries account for less than 1% of world exports. Moreover, the share of Central Asian countries in the global export of transport services is very small and is represented in the following proportions: Uzbekistan, which has access to the sea only through two countries – 0.1%, Kazakhstan – 0.3%, Tajikistan – 0.007%, Kyrgyzstan – 0.03%.
However, the transport complex of Uzbekistan maintains a dominant position in foreign trade in services and is one of the main sources of foreign currency inflow into the country. Transport services in the republic form 43% of the total volume of the country's service exports and 65% of the balance of foreign trade in services. Uzbekistan's transport service exports in 2022 amounted to $2.2 billion, and the positive balance of foreign trade in transport services amounted to $1.7 billion.


Figure 1. Uzbekistan’s share in global exports of transport services in 2022, %


Calculated according to UNCTAD and Statistics Agency of the Republic of Uzbekistan
One of the main problems of Uzbekistan's international freight transport is the underutilization of its export and transit potential, which reduces revenues from the export of transport and logistics services. For example, when comparing actual exports in tons, Uzbekistan is behind Russia by 20 times, Turkey by 10 times, and Kazakhstan by 9 times.
In 2023, the volume of interstate cargo transportation in the Republic of Uzbekistan amounted to 62 million tons, which is 16% higher than in 2022. The largest share in the volume of export-import cargo transportation of the republic falls on Kazakhstan (30%), to a lesser extent on Russia (26%), China (10%), and Afghanistan (4%). Rail transport accounts for the largest share (76%) of Uzbekistan's international cargo transportation (export, import, and transit). The export of transport services includes the transit of goods through the territory of Uzbekistan with a total share in the export of railway services of up to 45%.
The unrealized transit crossroads of Eurasia
One of the main global logistics trends is trade between China and the EU. According to the ERAI review, in 2023, the trade turnover between them amounted to 738 million euros, and according to EUROSTAT exceeded 104 million tons. In the current realities, rail transportation between Europe and China is carried out along the Eurasian route through the territories of Kazakhstan, Russia, Belarus; Mongolia and Russia (Naushki border crossing), as well as along the Trans-Caspian International Transport Route – TITR (Kazakhstan, the Caspian Sea, Azerbaijan, Georgia, the Black Sea).
Part of the cargo flows that previously passed through the northern corridor has been redirected to TITR. However, the Eurasian route continues to occupy a leading position. In 2023, a total of 674 thousand TEU passed along this route, which is 1.1% less than in 2022 (681 thousand TEU), but at the same time, in the first half of 2024, the volume of container traffic by China-Europe trains along TITR increased by 12.8% with a volume of 196.6 thousand TEU.
As can be seen, Uzbekistan does not fit into the list of major transit countries between China and the EU in the "Eurasian" and "Trans-Caspian" directions and claims only a part of the target markets mainly in direction along the Southern Corridor through Turkmenistan, Iran, and Turkey.
So, a limited number of international transport corridors pass through the territory of Uzbekistan. The main countries forming the transit of Uzbekistan are neighboring Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan, as well as Russia, which is considered an important trading partner for the Central Asian countries. The transport isolation of the region, undiversified transport routes, and limited export deliveries mainly in the northern direction lead to a loss of profit due to the sale of domestic goods mainly to neighboring countries at a fairly low cost.
Transit Priorities
To sell domestic products at competitive world prices, Uzbekistan needs to develop additional export trade routes to other countries, such as China, the Asia-Pacific region, the Middle East, India, Pakistan, and others. This requires competitive and efficient transport and transit corridors that allow for increasing the volume of transit cargo through the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Therefore, the priority directions identified by 2030 for the development of international transport corridors and bringing the volume of transit traffic through the territory of the republic to 16 million tons include the task of increasing revenues from the export of transport services. The key task in this case is to increase the volume of multimodal cargo transportation in the directions of China – Kyrgyzstan – Uzbekistan (Kashgar–Irkeshtam–Osh–Andijan–Tashkent) and Uzbekistan – Afghanistan – Pakistan (Termez – Hairatan – Logar – Karachi).
China - Kyrgyzstan - Uzbekistan. The volume of cargo transportation of the PRC with such countries as Turkey, Iran, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, and Pakistan in 2023 amounted to almost 50 million tons, with the main volume of cargo transportation carried out by sea transport. Studies have shown that it is possible to attract part of the cargo to the "China–Kyrgyzstan–Uzbekistan" route, in the amount of about 10 million tons, and with the stable organization of cargo transportation along the route, the volume of cargo transportation by 2040 may increase by 4 times.
Uzbekistan – Afghanistan – Pakistan. The geographical proximity to Afghanistan, and further south to Pakistan and India, gives Uzbekistan the opportunity to unlock its existing potential and provide cargo transportation services in export, import, and transit traffic in the direction of South Asian countries (Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India), without competing for existing transport and trade corridors. Therefore, Uzbekistan is extremely interested in trade and transport cooperation with Afghanistan and in the implementation of the Trans-Afghan Railway project "Uzbekistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan." This road will allow establishing a direct rail link between Uzbekistan and Pakistan through the territory of Afghanistan with further access to the ports of the Indian Ocean.
The importance and effectiveness of the "Uzbekistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan" (UAP) project can be significantly increased if it is implemented in parallel with the project of building the "Uzbekistan – Kyrgyzstan – China" (CKU) railway line, which is the shortest way to connect China with Pakistan and India and will allow a multiple increase in the volume of traffic from/to China to the countries of Central and South Asia.
In this regard, within the framework of two strategic projects UAP and CKU, the ongoing activities on formation of new uninterrupted perspective multimodal transport corridors in the region are relevant. In November 2023 in Tashkent within the framework of the ECO Ministerial Meeting the Protocol of the multilateral meeting on establishment of the international multimodal route between Asia-Europe through “Uzbekistan-Turkmenistan-Iran-Türkiye”, was signed.

In November 2023, a Memorandum on mutual Understanding on the creation and development of international transport corridor “Belarus-Russia-Kazakhstan-Uzbekistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan” with access to the ports of the Indian Ocean was signed in Tashkent. In April of this year, Termez hosted meetings of transportation agencies and railway administrations of the countries-participants of this corridor, which resulted in the adoption of the Road Map, including the main activities for further development of the corridor.
It should be noted that the abovementioned documents are open for other interested countries to join the transport corridors.
Multifaceted Transport Policy
It should be noted that the policy of forming international transport corridors in Uzbekistan is somewhat different from the policies of several other countries and is aimed at attracting as many countries as possible to the active development of a branched network of transport corridors that ensure efficient foreign trade cargo transportation. As emphasized by the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Shavkat Mirziyoyev, at the SCO Summit in Astana on July 4 of this year, "the multivariance of transport corridors is the most important condition for the sustainable development of our entire region."
However, the effective functioning of various corridor options is hindered by the lack of unified Cargo Transportation Rules, a unified Transport Document Standard that would be used on all types of transport, as well as the absence of digital platforms for providing customers with freight transportation services remotely from anywhere in the world. All this slows down the transport integration of Asian countries in the context of developing routes between Central and South Asia, and China, on the one hand, and the integration of Asian countries with European communications on the other.
To solve the problems of different legal and technical standards in freight transportation between European and Asian countries, which hinder the full-fledged transportation of goods without delays, it makes sense to develop new services for logistics and cargo transportation market participants, while applying modern technologies.
These include the production of universal wagons with variable gauge axle systems at the country's industrial facilities, with their further use both in Uzbekistan and southern countries, China and others, as well as the development of a digital platform for online registration of cargo transportation and transportation documents, which will lead to additional revenues from the export of transport services.
In this regard, the initiative of the President of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev, announced in June at the OTS Summit on the formation of a Council of Railway Administrations within the framework of the organization and the placement of its directorate in Tashkent, is relevant. The Council could act as a regulator for the integration of the railways of China, the Asia-Pacific region, South and Southeast Asia with the countries of Central Asia, the Caucasus, and the EU.
To assess the prospects for the coordinated development of transport corridors, a forecast of foreign trade volume was made based on an analysis of panel data using a combined model of two directions of international cargo transportation: China-EU and China-CA. The results of this forecast showed that by 2050, the volume of trade between China and the EU will increase by 4.5 times compared to 2023, and between China and CA - by 5 times. At the same time, the total volume of trade between South Asian countries (India and Pakistan) with trading partners (EU, Russia, China, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan) will increase by 3.8 times compared to 2023.

In the near future, a clearly defined strategy for integrating Central Asian countries into the international transport network can help solve the region's problems and lead to an increase in the export of transport and logistics services and attract cargo flow, and later passenger flow, to the territory of the Asia-Pacific region, South and Central Asia. As the President of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev said: "We are open to cooperation and ready to become a reliable partner in creating new transport corridors and integration projects."

Dildora Ibragimova,
Center for the Study of Transport and Logistics Development Problems under the Ministry of Transport of the Republic of Uzbekistan

Center for Economic Research and Reforms Ranks Uzbekistan’s Banking Sector
Center for Economic Research and Reforms Ranks Uzbekistan’s Banking Sector

According to the CERR bank ranking results for 2025, the stable positions of most financial institutions indicate a higher competitiveness threshold across the sector. At the same time, a noticeable reshuffling has emerged within the mid-tier segment.

The Center for Economic Research and Reforms (CERR) presented an updated Bank Ranking based on the results of the Bank Activity Index for Q4 2025. The study covers 35 commercial banks of the republic, including 20 large financial institutions classified by scale and branch network, and 15 banks categorized as small. The methodology is based on the analysis of 27 indicators, benchmarked against national averages and international standards, including Basel Committee requirements. The ranking serves as an important tool for enhancing transparency and strengthening trust in the financial system. This approach is consistent with international practice and is used by leading financial institutions worldwide.

Financial results for Q4 2025

During the reporting period, total assets of the banking sector amounted to 892.9 trillion soums ($74.2 bn), while liabilities reached 759.8 trillion soums ($63.1 bn). Lending increased by 13%, while deposits grew by 31%. The share of foreign-currency transactions declined, indicating strengthening of the national currency. Net profit reached 13.5 trillion soums ($1.1 bn), which is 57.1% higher than a year earlier. Over the period under review, the share of non-performing loans decreased to 3.5% from 4.3% a year earlier, pointing to improved portfolio quality. At the same time, in some banks this indicator remains above the sector average. Capital adequacy ratios exceed minimum regulatory requirements by more than 1.4 times, confirming the resilience of the banking sector.

Activity ranking of large banks for Q4 2025

The results for Q4 2025 show that sector leaders have maintained stable positions, while reshuffling within the ranking remains limited. The most notable progress was demonstrated by SQB, which climbed three positions. Positive dynamics were also recorded by Davr Bank, Orient Finance Bank, Xalq Bank, and Ipoteka Bank, all of which improved their standings in the overall ranking. At the same time, only two large banks showed a decline in activity. Invest Finance Bank and Aloqa Bank fell by four and three positions in the overall ranking, respectively. Overall, 13 banks retained their positions in the activity ranking, which, amid intensifying competition, reflects the ability of institutions to maintain operational efficiency, adequate liquidity, asset quality, and financial stability.

Dynamics of key indicators

In financial intermediation, Tenge Bank and Ipak Yuli Bank showed a decline in efficiency in attracting and allocating resources, losing four and three positions, respectively. National Bank, Asia Alliance Bank, Anor Bank, BDB, and Mikrokreditbank also dropped by one position in this category. In terms of financial inclusion, a one-position decline was recorded for Orient Finance Bank, Xalq Bank, Agrobank, BDB, and Ipoteka Bank. Regarding asset quality, six large banks registered a decline. Agrobank lost three positions, while National Bank, Trast Bank, Anor Bank, Aloqa Bank, and Asaka Bank each lost two positions. Despite the overall positive profit dynamics in the sector, two banks posted a decline in profitability, namely National Bank and Anor Bank, which fell by two and one positions, respectively. In management efficiency, weaker positions were observed for Mikrokreditbank and Anor Bank, both down two positions. In terms of liquidity, almost one-third of all large banks in the country lost positions, with the sharpest decline recorded by Davr Bank, down six positions, while Agrobank closed the ranking, falling to the last position on this indicator.

Activity ranking of small banks for Q4 2025

In the group of small banks, relative stability persists. Leaders have retained their positions. The main changes in this category also occurred in the mid-tier segment, where several banks improved their standings due to growth in financial intermediation and higher profitability. In this group, six out of 15 financial institutions, including the ranking leader Universal Bank, retained their positions. At the same time, five banks recorded declines, with the largest drop observed at Ziraat Bank, which lost three positions, while Apex Bank rose by three positions in the overall ranking. AVO Bank and Madad Invest Bank each gained two positions, while Okto Bank gained one position and secured third place in the overall group ranking.

 

Jafar Khidirov,
Head of Banking and Financial Research Sector

Proposals for the development of environmental protection and tourism were considered
Proposals for the development of environmental protection and tourism were considered

Prezident Shavkat Mirziyoyev 19-sentabr kuni atrof-muhitni muhofaza qilish va turizm sohalaridagi takliflar taqdimoti bilan tanishdi.

Hozirgi kunda havoni musaffo saqlash, ekologik hodisalarning ta'sirini kamaytirish tobora dolzarb bo'lib bormoqda. Shu bois bu borada ikkita dastur ishlab chiqildi.

Birinchisi - Chang bo'ronlariga qarshi kurashish va ularning oqibatlarini yumshatish bo'yicha 2024-2030-yillarga mo'ljallangan milliy dasturdir. Bu hujjatda “Yevro-4” standartidan past toifadagi yoqilg'ini sotish va undan foydalanishni bosqichma-bosqich to'liq taqiqlash nazarda tutiladi. Buning uchun Buxoro va Farg'ona neftni qayta ishlash zavodlari yuqori sifatli yoqilg'i ishlab chiqarish bo'yicha modernizatsiya qilinadi.

Ikkinchisi - Toshkent shahrida atmosfera havosi sifatini yaxshilashga qaratilgan chora-tadbirlar dasturi bo'lib, unga ko'ra, kelgusi 5 yilda poytaxtimiz va unga tutash Toshkent viloyati tumanlarida 441 gektar “yashil belbog'” va bog'lar tashkil qilinadi.

Sanitar tozalash ishlarini tartibga solish maqsadida mavjud markaz negizida Chiqindilarni boshqarish va sirkulyar iqtisodiyotni rivojlantirish agentligini tuzish taklif etilmoqda. Sanitar tozalash korxonalarining samaradorlik ko'rsatkichlariga qarab, uchta toifaga ajratgan holda reyting tizimi joriy qilinadi.

Yangi quriladigan, balandligi 12 metrdan yoki umumiy maydoni 500 kvadrat metrdan ortiq bo'lgan binolarni loyihalashtirishda unga tutash hududlarning kamida 25 foizini ko'kalamzorlashtirish talabi qo'yiladi. Shuningdek, atrof-muhitga zarari ko'p sanoat korxonalari ham “yashil belbog'”lar barpo etish majburiyatini oladi.

Ekologik huquqqbuzarliklarning oldini olish, bu borada jamoatchilik nazoratini kuchaytirish masalalariga ham e'tibor qaratildi. Faol va jonkuyar insonlarni rag'batlantirish maqsadida “O'zbekiston Respublikasida xizmat ko'rsatgan ekolog” faxriy unvonini ta'sis etish taklifi bildirildi.

Atrof-muhit bilan bog'liq bo'lgan masalalar bo'yicha qarorlar qabul qilish jarayonida jamoatchilikning axborot olish imkoniyati, ishtiroki va odil sudlovga erishishish imkoniyati to'g'risidagi Orxus konvensiyasiga qo'shilish masalasi ko'rib chiqildi.

Ma'muriy javobgarlik to'g'risidagi kodeksga qurilish maydonlarida atmosfera havosini muhofaza qilish talablariga rioya qilmaslik bo'yicha modda kiritish maqsadga muvofiqligi aytildi. Shuningdek, daraxtlarni kesish va qasddan quritish, daryo o'zanlaridan noqonuniy qum-shag'al qazib olish, chiqindilarni belgilanmagan joylarga tashlash kabilar uchun jarimalarni oshirish va qat'iylashtirish choralari ko'riladi.

Vazirlar Mahkamasining 2019-yil 27-maydagi qarori bilan respublikada ekologik markirovkalash tizimi joriy etilgan. Endi ISO 14024 xalqaro standartiga muvofiq, “Yashil belgi” nomi ostida mahsulot va xizmatlarni ixtiyoriy ekologik markirovkalash yo'lga qo'yiladi. 2 ming 336 ta xo'jalik yurituvchi subyektlarda avtomatik monitoring stansiyalari, chang-gaz tozalash uskunalari va suv tozalash inshootlarini o'rnatish bo'yicha tarmoq jadvallari tasdiqlanadi.

Ekologiya vazirligi huzurida jamoatchilik nazorati ostida boshqariladigan va yuridik shaxs maqomiga ega bo'lmagan “Yashil xayriya jamg'armasi” tashkil etiladi. Elektron xarid ilovalarida “Yashil to'lov” ixtiyoriy ustama turi ochiladi.

Sohadagi yana bir muammo yovvoyi hayvonlarni asrash bilan bog'liq. Ularni xonadonlarda boqish huquqiy jihatdan tartibga solinmagan. Shu bois endi yovvoyi hayvonlarni uy sharoitida, sirk va shapitolarda saqlash hamda tomoshalarda foydalanish taqiqlanadi. Jismoniy shaxslar ixtiyoridagi hamda sirklarda saqlanuvchi bunday jonzotlar hayvonot bog'laridagi reabilitatsiya markazlariga, okeanariumlar, pitomnik va ilmiy-tadqiqot muassasalariga topshirilishi belgilanmoqda.

Taqdimotda tibbiy turizmni rivojlantirish chora-tadbirlari ham muhokama qilindi.

Shu maqsadda O'zbekiston bu yo'nalishda Markaziy Osiyoning “chorlovchi nuqtasi” sifatida targ'ib qilinadi. “Tibbiy xizmatlar mehmondo'stligi” dasturi amalga oshiriladi. Tibbiy va sog'lomlashtirish muassasalari faoliyati rag'batlantirilib, ularning yagona reyestri ishga tushiriladi. Mehmonxonalar kabi yulduzli sanatoriylar faoliyati yo'lga qo'yiladi.

Davlatimiz rahbari bular bo'yicha hujjat loyihalarini puxta ishlab chiqish va ijrosini samarali tashkil etish bo'yicha ko'rsatmalar berdi.

Center of Islamic Civilization of Uzbekistan recovers stolen artefacts from abroad
Center of Islamic Civilization of Uzbekistan recovers stolen artefacts from abroad

Stolen cultural property dating back to the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD has been returned to Uzbekistan following a large-scale investigation involving law enforcement agencies and scholars from across Europe.

A number of artefacts, illegally smuggled from the Central Asian republic that was once the heart of the Bactrian and Kushan empires, were presented by the Metropolitan Police's Art and Antiquities Unit at the Embassy of Uzbekistan. They will subsequently be transported back to their homeland, where they will take a prominent place in the exhibition of the recently opened Center of Islamic Civilization in Tashkent.

The event serves as vivid evidence of Uzbekistan's consistent policy regarding the repatriation of national cultural heritage and highlights the growing global trend toward the protection of cultural values.

“This event is a compelling confirmation of the broad international support for the consistent course of the President of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev, aimed at returning cultural treasures to their homeland, - noted Firdavs Abdukhalikov, Director of the Center of Islamic Civilization in Tashkent and Chairman of the Board of the World Society for the Study, Preservation and Popularization of the Cultural Legacy of Uzbekistan (WOSCU). - We are deeply grateful to our partners and law enforcement representatives from European countries for their support and look forward to further cooperation in preserving and restoring our cultural heritage”.

Detective Sophie Hayes of the Metropolitan Police, addressing a gathering of prominent scholars and officials, emphasized that the recovered artefacts are the heritage not only of Uzbekistan but of all humanity. According to her, the investigation was conducted with the assistance of both national and international specialists, as well as the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), with the support of the World Society for the Study, Preservation and Popularization of the Cultural Legacy of Uzbekistan (WOSCU).

The items presented at the exhibition are among the findings discovered in November 2025 during an investigation codenamed Operation Inherent Vice by the police.

A total of nine artefacts were on display, including statue heads and fragments of gypsum frescoes. These monuments date from the 2nd-3rd to the 7th century AD and hold exceptional historical significance for both Uzbekistan and the broader Islamic world.

“The return of these priceless artefacts is not only a victory for New Uzbekistan but also a compelling testament to the power of international cooperation in preserving the country's historical heritage, - added Mr. Abdukhalikov, noting that cultural organizations, legal institutions and diplomatic missions have confirmed their readiness to assist Uzbekistan in recovering its lost treasures”.

The ceremony reflected a broader trend toward strengthening global interaction in the field of cultural heritage protection, with a particular focus on increasing transparency and adhering to ethical standards in the art and antiquities market.

The Center of Islamic Civilization also announced its intention to participate in the upcoming Sotheby’s and Christie’s auctions and to visit art galleries in London. These initiatives are aimed at acquiring new items of Uzbek cultural heritage for the purpose of their preservation and return to the homeland.

“Uzbekistan's efforts to return and protect its cultural heritage continue to attract the attention and support of the international community. We are setting a powerful example of coordinated action in the field of restitution of cultural property”, - emphasized Mr. Abdukhalikov.

“The returned items possess exceptional historical and scientific value, as they belong to various eras of the ancient history of the territory of modern Uzbekistan and reflect the diversity of civilizational processes that have occurred in Central Asia over the centuries”, - noted Dr. Farhod Maksudov, Director of the National Center of Archaeology (Institute of Archaeology) of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

 

IA “Dunyo”

The dynamics of Uzbek-Turkish relations reflect pragmatism, mutual trust and a focus on concrete results.
The dynamics of Uzbek-Turkish relations reflect pragmatism, mutual trust and a focus on concrete results.

The First Deputy Director of the Institute for Strategic and Regional Studies under the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Akramjon Nematov shared this assessment, commenting on the results of President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev's visit to Turkiye.

According to him, the official visit of the Uzbek leader to the Republic of Turkiye, which concluded on January 29, 2026, should be viewed not only as another event on the bilateral political calendar, but above all as an important milestone in the institutional strengthening of Uzbek-Turkish relations. Its results convincingly confirmed that the interaction between Tashkent and Ankara, which was largely fragmented just a few years ago, has reached a qualitatively new level – the level of a comprehensive strategic partnership based on pragmatism and mutual benefit.

The personal role of President Shavkat Mirziyoyev in shaping this new quality of relations deserves special mention. His proactive policies and strategic approach have enabled bilateral cooperation to reach a systemic level, where pragmatism is combined with a long-term focus on sustainable development. Thanks to the President's initiative, visits and cooperation programs have become regular and institutionalized, and the agreements reached have begun to be implemented with clear planning and measurable results, strengthening trust between the countries and creating a reliable platform for economic, humanitarian, and technological ties.

Thus, the current visit's program, which included talks in narrow and expanded formats, as well as the fourth meeting of the High-Level Strategic Cooperation Council, demonstrated a high level of political trust and the maturity of the bilateral dialogue. While such meetings were previously held sporadically, today the Strategic Cooperation Council functions on a regular basis, ensuring the continuity of decisions and overseeing their implementation. Symbolically, the key events took place on the eve of the holy month of Ramadan and the 30th anniversary of the Treaty of Eternal Friendship and Cooperation, underscoring the value-based and historical foundation of the partnership.

Of fundamental importance is the fact that Uzbek-Turkish cooperation is currently characterized by constructive and pragmatic mutual approaches, and is being built as an open partnership model focused on ensuring shared security and sustainable development. This is reflected in the finalization of the "4+4" format, which brings together coordination across foreign policy, defense, and law enforcement agencies. Unlike previous consultation mechanisms, this format is practical in nature and allows for a systemic response to cyber threats, cross-border crime, and other unconventional challenges.

The economic dimension of the partnership demonstrates sustained positive momentum and a high degree of complementarity. In recent years, mutual trade has more than doubled, reaching $3 billion by the end of 2025, compared to just $1.5 billion at the beginning of the decade. The goal set by the heads of state to increase trade turnover to $5 billion is supported not by mere declarations, but by a real investment portfolio of approximately $9 billion. The number of enterprises with Turkish capital has also increased significantly: while there were previously hundreds, today over 2,100 such companies operate in Uzbekistan, demonstrating growing business confidence and the formation of a solid material foundation for the strategic partnership. The need for further advancement of projects in industry, agriculture, social protection, and other priority areas was emphasized, including by expanding the list of goods covered by the Preferential Trade Agreement.

In preparation for the visit, new priority areas of industrial cooperation were identified, which will be implemented under a separate program. Compared to previous stages of cooperation, which focused primarily on trade and construction, the current emphasis is on joint production, localization, and export-oriented industries. Particular attention is paid to developing cooperation in tourism, theater festivals and cultural weeks, joint production of historical films, and the restoration of cultural heritage sites, reflecting the expanding humanitarian component of the partnership.

It is particularly noteworthy that the agreements reached are directly aimed at addressing the structural challenges of Uzbekistan's national development. The development of the Middle Corridor and the cooperation in transport and transit enshrined in the corresponding protocol are aimed at overcoming the country's geographic isolation and diversifying external logistics routes. Compared to traditional routes, these solutions reduce delivery times and increase the resilience of supply chains. Agreements on industrial cooperation, the management of special economic zones, and the creation of joint clusters contribute to reducing the economy's reliance on raw materials and fostering high-value-added production. The transfer of technological competencies, including nuclear safety and digitalization, should be viewed as an element of sovereign modernization, not technological dependence.

A fundamentally new stage has been the expansion of cooperation to the regional level. The intention to organize visits by delegations from all regions of Uzbekistan to Turkiye reflects the transition from a centralized model of interaction to a more flexible, decentralized partnership architecture. While interregional contacts were previously limited, the Action Plan for 2026–2027 envisages the formation of sustainable partnerships between the regions of the two countries, the launch of joint projects, and the development of a portfolio of local initiatives. Significant potential for implementing advanced Turkish practices in agriculture, horticulture, healthcare, and medical tourism has also been noted.

The military-technical cooperation sector deserves special attention. Compared to previous years, when interaction was limited to consultations, the signed agreements provide for deeper cooperation in military medicine, personnel training, and the implementation of surveillance systems and unmanned aerial vehicles. This cooperation is exclusively defensive in nature and is aimed at enhancing the professional level and technical capabilities of the Armed Forces of Uzbekistan, which is a rational contribution to strengthening national defense capability.

The humanitarian dimension of the Uzbek-Turkish partnership lends further depth and stability to the relationship. The implementation of the Cultural Cooperation Plan for 2026–2027, the agreement to hold the fourth Rectors' Forum in Bukhara, and joint education projects form a long-term foundation for cooperation. Uzbekistan's participation in the reconstruction of the earthquake-damaged Hatay province, the construction of the "Uzbekistan" residential complex, and a comprehensive school have become clear examples of practical solidarity. The start of construction of an Uzbek school in the Bekirkoy district of Istanbul—Uzbekistan's first educational institution abroad—is also symbolic, reflecting the strategic focus on the humanitarian aspect of cooperation and outreach to the diaspora.

Overall, the visit to Turkiye confirmed that Uzbek-Turkish relations are developing as a pragmatic, dynamic, and responsible partnership. Compared to previous stages of bilateral cooperation, the current format is characterized by greater institutional stability, expanded economic and regional cooperation, and deepened humanitarian ties. The agreements reached create additional tools for overcoming transportation and technological constraints, modernizing the economy, strengthening defense capabilities, and ensuring shared security, forming a solid foundation for further expanding Uzbekistan's international cooperation in a changing global environment.

 

«Dunyo» IA

Tashkent

President of Uzbekistan to participate in the 80th session of the United Nations General Assembly in New York
President of Uzbekistan to participate in the 80th session of the United Nations General Assembly in New York

On September 20-24, President of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev will pay a working visit to the city of New York to attend the events of the 80th jubilee session of the United Nations General Assembly.

According to the press service of the Head of our state, President of Uzbekistan will deliver a keynote address on the first day of organizing the general debate of the UN General Assembly plenary session.

It’s noteworthy that during the current jubilee session of the UNGA topical issues of ensuring global security and stability, achieving Sustainable Development Goals, reforming the system of the UN and international financial architecture, combatting the consequences of climate change and other modern challenges, will be reviewed.

On the sidelines of the summit, the Leader of Uzbekistan will hold talks with the UN Secretary-General António Guterres, heads of foreign states and governments, leaders of authoritative international financial institutions. 

In the framework of the business program in the United States, it’s planned to hold meetings and events with participation of the leading American companies and financial-investment structures. It’s planned to sign a package of new agreements and contracts.

 

Dunyo IA

Uzbekistan’s Priorities in the Organization of Turkic States: A Factor Ensuring Sustainable Development of Turkic Countries
Uzbekistan’s Priorities in the Organization of Turkic States: A Factor Ensuring Sustainable Development of Turkic Countries

The evolution of the Organization of Turkic States (OTS) has attracted particular attention from the international expert community, especially in the context of sustainable development, where Uzbekistan’s accession in 2019 became a catalyst for creating new opportunities for joint progress among Turkic countries.

Originally established on October 3, 2009, as the Cooperation Council of Turkic-Speaking States, the organization has undergone significant institutional evolution and was officially renamed the Organization of Turkic States at the 8th Summit in Istanbul on November 12, 2021. This decision reflected not only the deepening interaction among member states but also their shared aspiration to develop a collective approach to contemporary risks and challenges related to the sustainable development of the Turkic world—a role in which Uzbekistan soon assumed a prominent position.

Uzbekistan’s policy within the OTS has been primarily manifested in the economic sphere, where deeper integration has become not only a sign of growing mutual trust but also a practical foundation for jointly ensuring stability and sustainable development.

By 2024, mutual trade among OTS member states exceeded $45 billion, and the combined GDP of the five member states reached $1.9 trillion, demonstrating increasing economic interdependence. According to data from the Center for Economic Research and Reforms (CERR), Uzbekistan’s trade turnover with OTS countries grew from $3.34 billion in 2016 to $9.4 billion in 2023, reaching $10 billion by 2024—nearly triple the figure from seven years earlier.

This dynamic growth in economic ties has not only strengthened mutual interest among OTS countries in regional stability but also laid a solid foundation for a new approach to security—one actively promoted by Uzbekistan in its foreign policy.

An analysis of initiatives put forward by President of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev at OTS summits confirms Tashkent’s consistent and systematic approach to strengthening regional security. In place of the traditional military-political dimension, Uzbekistan advocates a model in which security is understood as the outcome of sustainable development, interconnectedness, and long-term, structured cooperation.

This approach is embodied in the following strategic directions, covering key aspects of contemporary security:

First, Uzbekistan was among the first in the region to propose cooperation in responding to systemic threats. During the COVID-19 pandemic (April 2020), Tashkent proposed establishing a permanent mechanism for epidemiological surveillance, a coordination group under the OTS Secretariat, and partnership arrangements with the World Health Organization (WHO).

Following the earthquake in Türkiye (March 2023), Tashkent initiated the creation of an OTS platform for practical cooperation on disaster prevention and response, as well as the development of a multilateral agreement on risk reduction and the establishment of a Natural Disaster Monitoring Center in Tashkent.
All these measures aim at early warning, reducing vulnerability, and enhancing collective resilience—key elements of preventive security.

Second, Uzbekistan advances sustainable development through deeper economic interconnectivity.

In transport, Uzbekistan proposed joint use of the multimodal corridor “Tashkent–Karakalpakstan–Aktau–Baku–Tbilisi–Kars–Istanbul,” implementation of a “single window” system and “green corridors” along the Trans-Caspian route, and full digitalization of road transport through the eTIR system. In 2022, Uzbekistan and Azerbaijan became the first countries to successfully carry out a transport operation using electronic eTIR carnets.

In food security, Uzbekistan proposed developing a multilateral agreement on supply systems and cooperation with the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).

In the environmental sphere, Tashkent proposed establishing a Turkic environmental protection body headquartered in the Aral Sea region, forming an Environmental Council, and adopting a “Turkic Green Energy Transition” concept.
All these initiatives create an infrastructure-economic foundation for security, reducing dependence on external shocks and strengthening regional autonomy.

Third, Tashkent’s key contribution lies in promoting the institutionalization of the OTS. At the Samarkand Summit (November 2022), Uzbekistan proposed creating dedicated ministerial-level committees on energy, IT, healthcare, and other sectors.

Later, Uzbekistan initiated hosting the headquarters of strategically important OTS bodies in Tashkent, including the Emergency Response Center, the Council of Railway Administrations, the Turkic Investment Bank, the Research Center for Human Capital Development, and the Academy of Space Research.

During Uzbekistan’s OTS Chairmanship (2022–2023), over 100 events were held, and new cooperation platforms were established, including the Organization of Trade Unions of Turkic States and the Institute for Drought Prevention.
These measures enhance joint preparedness and rapid response capabilities to contemporary challenges, strengthen trust among member states, and support sustainable development.

Fourth, alongside deepening cooperation in humanitarian, economic, and legal spheres, Uzbekistan consistently develops avenues of interaction related to coordinating responses to threats to regional stability.

For example, at the Shusha Summit in July 2024, Uzbekistan proposed formulating unified OTS approaches to the Afghan issue in light of the new regional realities. Such initiatives reflect Tashkent’s commitment to consolidating foreign policy positions and developing a coordinated strategy on the most sensitive issues of regional stability.

Thus, Uzbekistan’s initiatives within the OTS form a comprehensive, prevention-oriented model of sustainable development, in which humanitarian, economic, environmental, and political components are viewed as interdependent. Tashkent’s approach not only aligns with current trends in international relations but also creates conditions for strengthening the strategic autonomy of the Turkic world amid global fragmentation.

However, it should be noted that this model is not developed in isolation. On the contrary, it is organically complemented by the OTS’s external openness and its aspiration to integrate into the international architecture of relations through cooperation with key global and regional institutions. This helps avoid duplication, enhances the legitimacy of OTS initiatives, and aligns them with international standards.

In this process, Uzbekistan plays a significant role by consistently promoting synergy between the OTS and multilateral platforms, particularly in epidemiological, environmental, and humanitarian areas.

The OTS maintains especially close cooperation with the United Nations and its specialized agencies. Uzbekistan’s 2021 initiative to establish a Turkic environmental body under UN auspices, headquartered in the Aral Sea region, directly integrates regional efforts into the global environmental agenda.

Proposals for cooperation with the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) (2022) and collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO) (2020) further demonstrate the desire to leverage the UN’s expertise and institutional capacity to implement homegrown security mechanisms.

Additionally, Tashkent initiated partnerships with the UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) and the Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR) in the context of establishing the Natural Disaster Monitoring Center (2023), underscoring the OTS’s commitment to the principles of sustainable development and preventive security enshrined in the UN 2030 Agenda.

Simultaneously, the OTS is expanding its international presence: in 2024, the organization obtained observer status in the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO), submitted similar applications to the UN and the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), and strengthened ties with the EU and OSCE through its European office in Budapest. At the Budapest Informal Summit (May 2025)—the first ever organized by an observer country—the Budapest Declaration was adopted, reaffirming the OTS’s commitment to combating terrorism, cyber threats, and organized crime.

This foreign policy orientation is also confirmed by assessments from international analytical circles.

According to an analytical report by the Global Security Research Center at the Geneva Centre for Security Policy (GCSP), the OTS demonstrates a unique model of regional cooperation that combines cultural identity with pragmatic measures to reduce vulnerability to transboundary threats. Experts from the “AIR Center” (Azerbaijan) note that for Central Asian countries and Azerbaijan, the OTS has become a strategic shield against external threats and a platform for asserting independence.

Thus, the OTS not only strengthens the collective resilience of its member states to external challenges but also creates a space for developing joint approaches to implementing projects aimed at the sustainable development of Turkic countries.

In this regard, Uzbekistan consistently promotes a comprehensive, prevention-oriented model for addressing risks and factors undermining sustainable development, in which traditional threats are complemented by non-traditional challenges—from pandemics and natural disasters to destructive ideologies. Particular emphasis is placed on building trust through humanitarian diplomacy, youth initiatives, cultural rapprochement, and institutional cooperation.

In the context of regional stability, Uzbekistan advocates for unified approaches to the Afghan issue, supports counter-terrorism and anti-organized crime efforts, and initiates mechanisms for collective crisis response.

The adoption of the Charter of Turkic Peace at the 11th OTS Summit in Bishkek, along with President Shavkat Mirziyoyev’s proposal at the same forum to sign a Treaty on Strategic Partnership, Eternal Friendship, and Brotherhood among Turkic States, became pivotal factors in shaping a long-term architecture of trust and shared responsibility.

Overall, Uzbekistan’s initiatives within the OTS represent a comprehensive strategy aimed at creating an alternative model for ensuring sustainable regional development, grounded in the cultural-historical commonality and economic interconnectedness of Turkic countries.

 

Alisher Kadyrov,

the head of the Department of the Institute for Strategic and Interregional Studies under the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan

Infographics: Trade, Economic and Investment Cooperation between Uzbekistan and the USA
Infographics: Trade, Economic and Investment Cooperation between Uzbekistan and the USA

At the invitation of the President of the United States, Donald Trump, the President of Uzbekistan, Shavkat Mirziyoyev, will pay a working visit to Washington, D.C. on February 17–19 of this year to participate in the inaugural meeting of the Peace Council. The Center for Economic Research and Reforms (CERR) has prepared an infographic presenting key indicators of trade, economic and investment cooperation between Uzbekistan and the United States over the past 9 years.

History of visits

The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan has visited the United States several times on working visits aimed at expanding bilateral Uzbek-American cooperation, as well as participating in events organized by the United Nations. The first official visit of the Head of our State to the United States took place on May 15–17, 2018 at the invitation of the U.S. President. During the visit, negotiations were held at the White House, the U.S. Congress and the Pentagon, and agreements were signed that marked the beginning of a new stage in the development of Uzbek-American relations.

In subsequent years, dialogue between the two countries developed through bilateral meetings and regional initiatives, including the C5+1 platform.

On September 20–24, 2025, a historic visit of the President of our country to New York took place to participate in events of the юбилейной 80th session of the UN General Assembly. The central event of the visit was the meeting between the Head of our State and U.S. President Donald Trump. The leaders of the two countries agreed to further strengthen Uzbek-American strategic partnership relations and expand practical cooperation.

During his stay in the US, the President of Uzbekistan also held a roundtable with representatives of the U.S. business community, as well as negotiations with executives of a number of leading multinational companies, corporations, investment funds and financial institutions, and took part in a ceremony for the exchange of signed bilateral trade contracts and investment agreements, including in the fields of critical minerals, civil aviation, chemical industry, energy and other priority sectors.

In order to create favorable conditions for the further development of bilateral interstate relations in trade, economic and tourism spheres, by Presidential Decree dated November 3, 2025, a visa-free regime for U.S. citizens entering Uzbekistan was introduced effective January 1, 2026.

Mutual trade indicators

The two countries operate under a Most Favored Nation trade regime.

Over the period 2017–2025, trade turnover between Uzbekistan and the United States increased 4.7-fold, from $215 mln to $1 bn. Exports grew 9.1-fold, from $32.1 mln to $291.7 mln, while imports increased 3.9-fold, from $182.9 mln to $712.3 mln.

The share of the United States in Uzbekistan’s foreign trade over this period rose as follows: in total trade turnover from 0.8% to 1.2%, in exports from 0.3% to 0.9%, and in imports from 1.3% to 1.5%.

In the structure of exports to the United States, the main share is accounted for by services — 81% (programming, financial, information and transport services), as well as petroleum products — 8.6% (aviation kerosene and others). These are followed by machinery and equipment — 3.7%; food products — 3.5% (dried fruits and vegetables, spices, rice and others); industrial goods — 3.3% (aluminum bars and profiles, rhenium metal and others); miscellaneous manufactured articles — 0.9%; chemicals — 0.4%; beverages and tobacco — 0.2%; and non-food raw materials — 0.1%.

In imports from the United States, machinery and equipment dominate — 59% (aircraft, automobiles and their parts, computer units, engines, pumps, machine tools and industrial installations). A significant share is also accounted for by services — 20.5% (financial, licensing, leasing and transport services). These are followed by chemicals — 9.7% (pharmaceuticals, binding agents and cosmetic substances); industrial goods — 3.8% (plastic and ferrous metal products and others); food products — 3.2% (poultry meat and by-products); miscellaneous manufactured articles — 2.2% (devices, instruments, paper products); non-food raw materials — 1.1% (cellulose and others); as well as beverages and tobacco — 0.5%.

Investment cooperation

As of February 1, 2026, there are 346 enterprises with U.S. capital operating in Uzbekistan, which accounts for about 2% of the total number of enterprises with foreign investment. Of these, 146 are joint ventures and 200 are foreign companies with U.S. capital participation.

The volume of foreign direct investment and loans from the United States over the past nine years has increased nearly 64-fold — from $8.6 mln in 2017 to $383.2 mln in 2025.

Overall, in 2017–2025 the cumulative volume of attracted U.S. FDI and loans into Uzbekistan’s economy exceeded $2.9 bn.

Investments were directed primarily into manufacturing industries (metallurgy, production of motor vehicles, beverages and textile products), mining industry, construction, services (real estate operations, education), as well as agriculture.

 

CERR Public relations and media sector

INTERNATIONAL DAY OF PARLIAMENTARISM: SIGNIFICANCE, CHALLENGES, AND PROSPECTS IN THE GLOBAL DEMOCRATIC AGENDA
INTERNATIONAL DAY OF PARLIAMENTARISM: SIGNIFICANCE, CHALLENGES, AND PROSPECTS IN THE GLOBAL DEMOCRATIC AGENDA

Parliamentarianism in the Face of Global Challenges
 
Parliaments play a key role in the system of democratic governance, ensuring the representation of citizens' interests, exercising oversight of the executive branch, and carrying out legislative functions. In the context of increasing global polarization, declining trust in state institutions, and growing pressure on freedom of expression and parliamentary independence, the question of rethinking and strengthening the role of parliaments becomes particularly relevant.
In this context, the International Day of Parliamentarism, observed annually on June 30, takes on not only symbolic but also practical significance. It underscores the role of parliaments as key pillars of democratic transformations while simultaneously serving as a global platform for addressing current challenges, advancing institutional reforms, and developing innovative models of representation that align with the political and social realities of the 21st century.
Modern parliaments are expanding beyond internal regulatory institutions to become active participants in the global political and legal architecture, engaging in the resolution of transnational challenges such as climate change, digital transformation, migration crises, public health protection, and human rights safeguarding. In this context, parliamentary diplomacy, transparency, and inclusiveness are acquiring a new dimension.
As emphasized in official UN documents, "strong parliaments are the foundation of democracy," because they "reflect the will of the people, pass laws, and hold governments accountable." It is no coincidence that UN Secretary-General António Guterres, in his address on the International Day of Parliamentarism on June 30, 2018, noted that "Parliaments can be pillars of democracy, important defenders of human rights, and a link between local and global issues. Through legislative and budgetary decisions, they can contribute significantly to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals."
In April 2025, the capital of Uzbekistan hosted the 150th anniversary Assembly of the Inter-Parliamentary Union for the first time - an event of historic scale for Central Asia. The forum, held under the theme "Parliamentary Action for Social Development and Justice," gathered about 1,400 delegates from approximately 130 countries, including over 100 speakers and deputy speakers of national parliaments.
Opening the Assembly, President of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev emphasized the significance of the event and the scale of participation: "You are like a strong bridge connecting peoples with firm friendship. You are a powerful force capable of perceiving the concerns and problems of ordinary people, elevating them, if necessary, to the regional and international level, and finding effective solutions for them." The Head of State noted that participation in the Inter-Parliamentary Union reflects confidence in efforts towards democratic reforms and the expansion of parliamentary powers. He also expressed confidence in the role of parliaments as a key mechanism for peacemaking, social development, and justice.
 
The Establishment of International Parliamentarism Day
 
The date of the celebration - June 30 - is symbolic: it was on this day in 1889 that the Inter-Parliamentary Union was established, laying the foundation for organized international cooperation between legislative bodies and the formation of modern parliamentary diplomacy.
The establishment of the International Day of Parliamentarism dates back to UN General Assembly Resolution A/RES/72/278 of May 22, 2018, adopted at the initiative of the Inter-Parliamentary Union in connection with its 130th anniversary. Founded by two pacifists - British William Cremer and French Frédéric Passy - the Inter-Parliamentary Union was originally conceived as a platform for peaceful arbitration and dialogue. Over time, it has transformed into a unique global platform for parliamentary diplomacy and inclusivity. During the Cold War and in the post-colonial world, the Inter-Parliamentary Union maintained neutrality and became a rare space for dialogue between opposing blocs, and later - a link between parliaments and UN structures.
To date, the Inter-Parliamentary Union unites 181 national and 15 regional parliaments and serves as a central institution in parliamentary diplomacy, promoting gender equality, protecting human rights, and fostering sustainable development. According to the Secretary General of the Inter-Parliamentary Union Martin Chungong, "modern parliaments must develop significantly to meet the demands of today's world."
The proclamation of this day became a legal recognition of both the historical and contemporary role of parliaments as institutions of popular sovereignty, democracy, and parliamentary oversight. The Inter-Parliamentary Union played a key role in shaping parliamentary diplomacy practices, promoting inclusivity, equality, and transparency, and establishing the principles of the rule of law at the international level.
Resolution 72/278 not only immortalized this historic date but also gave it modern significance, emphasizing the central role of national legislative bodies in ensuring accountability, transparency, human rights protection, adherence to the principle of the rule of law, as well as in implementing the international obligations of states within the framework of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
From a historical and legal perspective, the establishment of the International Day of Parliamentarism should be viewed as an act of institutionalizing global recognition of parliamentarism's significance in the development of democracy and the rule of law. Furthermore, the resolution documented the contribution of parliaments to the implementation of national plans and strategies, as well as their responsibility for monitoring the execution of international agreements. This strengthens the legal status of parliaments within the national, regional, and global governance systems.
 
International Day of Parliamentarism: Key Objectives and Priorities
 
The International Day of Parliamentarism serves as an institutional mechanism for stimulating parliamentary development, a catalyst for institutional self-analysis, and a platform for transnational dialogue in the realm of lawmaking and parliamentary oversight. Its primary function is to mobilize national parliaments to critically examine their own activities, including assessing their effectiveness, as well as to actively engage in international initiatives aimed at promoting inclusivity and transparency within the context of universal democratic standards.
According to analytical reports by the Inter-Parliamentary Union and the UN, the main objectives and priorities promoted within the framework of the Day of Parliamentarism are:
First, strengthening the accountability and transparency of parliamentary activities, including the development of mechanisms for reporting to citizens;
Second, expanding the participation of women, youth, and vulnerable groups in parliamentary structures, both at the legislative and procedural levels;
Third, enhancing the effectiveness of parliamentary oversight, especially regarding the implementation of state programs and international obligations;
Fourth, improving legislative expertise, including through the involvement of the scientific and expert community;
Fifth, the digital transformation of parliamentary processes, encompassing both internal procedures (including electronic voting and document management) and forms of public interaction;
Sixth, institutionalizing the contribution of parliaments to the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, including monitoring the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
The significance of the International Day of Parliamentarism is particularly heightened in the context of global transformations in democratic governance and the growing demand for inclusivity, transparency, and social justice.
The themes and mottos of the annual global campaigns organized as part of the International Day of Parliamentarism consistently emphasize these identified priorities and reflect parliamentarism's ability to adapt to the multifaceted challenges of our time - climatic, political, technological, and demographic. Examples from recent years clearly illustrate this focus:
 
  • 2021 - "I say 'yes' to youth in parliament!";
  • 2022 - "Civic participation at the heart of parliamentary democracy";
  • 2023 - "Parliaments for the planet" (environmental sustainability);
  • 2024 - "Parliamentary diplomacy: building bridges for peace and mutual understanding."
In 2025, the central theme of the International Day of Parliamentarism became achieving gender equality under the motto: "Step by step towards gender equality," which demonstrates the priority of equal representation on the global parliamentary agenda. The campaign, initiated by the Inter-Parliamentary Union in partnership with UN Women, under the slogan "Achieving Gender Equality: Action by Action," is timed to coincide with the 30th anniversary of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action. The campaign emphasizes the need for immediate, consistent, and systematic steps, especially in the context of slowing progress and even regression in the field of gender representation in some countries. As emphasized in the campaign materials, "it's time to move from words to deeds. Every step matters."
The International Day of Parliamentarism is gaining significance not only as a symbolic but also as a normative tool designed to stimulate systemic reforms within national parliaments, as well as to strengthen international parliamentary cooperation based on the principles of equality, participation, and sustainable development.
 
Modern Parliamentarism: The Gender Dimension
 
Despite the progress achieved, structural inequality in political representation remains one of the most pressing challenges for modern parliamentarianism. According to data from the Inter-Parliamentary Union, as of early 2025, women make up less than one-third of the total number of deputies in national parliaments worldwide. This disproportion affects not only equality of access to power, but also the substantive agenda of legislative bodies, including issues of preventing gender-based violence, protecting reproductive health, ensuring equal employment opportunities, and social justice.
As emphasized in the UN Women report, "without equal representation of women in government bodies, it is impossible to ensure a fair and sustainable democracy." Gender equality, in this context, is viewed not only as a component of social justice but also as a structural foundation for inclusive, sustainable, and legitimate parliamentary institutions.
This issue gained particular significance during the 150th anniversary Assembly of the Inter-Parliamentary Union held in Tashkent, which officially launched the parliamentary campaign "Achieving Gender Equality: Action by Action." The program is based on three strategic priorities:
  • ensuring equal participation in decision-making at all levels of the parliamentary structure;
  • institutional transformation of parliaments into gender-sensitive bodies with equal conditions and support mechanisms;
  • systematic combating of gender-based violence and discrimination, including forms of political pressure and violence in the public sphere.
In this context, the words of the President of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev, spoken at the Tashkent session of the Inter-Parliamentary Union, are relevant: "Firmly securing women's rights is one of the key conditions for societal development. Analysis shows that if equal participation of women and men is ensured in all sectors of the economy, the global gross domestic product could increase by 26 percent."
This position received high praise from the international community. As the President of the Inter-Parliamentary Union, Tulia Ackson, emphasized: "We are witnessing an increase in the number of women in parliament, as well as active participation of youth in parliamentary work. We are proud that the speech of your country's President formed the basis of the Tashkent Declaration. In it, issues such as the Sustainable Development Goals, social justice, the role of women and youth in society, and gender equality have taken a special place."
For over four decades, the Inter-Parliamentary Union has been implementing comprehensive measures to expand women's rights and opportunities in politics. A central mechanism in this work has been the Forum of Women Parliamentarians, which played an important role in institutionalizing equal participation. Key achievements include the introduction of mandatory gender composition for parliamentary delegations, the inclusion of men in promoting equality as allies, and the application of sanction mechanisms, including restrictions for delegations that do not include women.
According to Martin Chungong, Secretary General of the Inter-Parliamentary Union: "Modern parliaments must develop significantly to meet the demands of today's world." He notes that thanks to a consistent policy of inclusivity, women's participation in the activities of the Inter-Parliamentary Union has increased from 11-12% to almost 38%.
In its activities, the Inter-Parliamentary Union also actively relies on the provisions of UN Security Council resolutions No. 1325 (2000) and No. 2250 (2015), which emphasize the importance of including women and youth in peace, security, and recovery processes. Gender-sensitive parliamentarism is viewed as a key to strengthening public trust, preventing violence, and restoring the social fabric in post-crisis societies.
Promoting gender equality within the parliamentary system serves as an integral element of democratic transformation and institutional stability. Increasing women's representation strengthens the legitimacy of power, promotes broader consideration of the interests of various social groups, and ensures a qualitatively more balanced legislative agenda.
 
International Day of Parliamentarism: A Catalyst for Sustainable Development and Global Dialogue
 
The International Day of Parliamentarism serves as a universal platform for summarizing achievements, parliamentary reporting, deepening international dialogue, and advancing global agenda priorities. This day symbolizes the recognition of parliaments' central role in democratic governance and sustainable development.
The Inter-Parliamentary Union, uniting 181 national parliaments and 15 parliamentary associations, actively uses this date as a tool for consolidating efforts in response to contemporary challenges. In the context of intensifying transformational processes, growing global instability, and declining trust in state institutions, parliaments are becoming key actors in ensuring institutional stability, inclusiveness, and accountability.
Every June 30th, the Inter-Parliamentary Union initiates a wide range of activities, including the publication of analytical reports on the state of democracy and parliamentarism, the collection and synthesis of best practices developed through inter-parliamentary cooperation, and discussions on pressing challenges - from climate threats and digital inequality to limited political participation and the crisis of trust.
Particular attention is paid to the inclusiveness of parliamentary systems. The Inter-Parliamentary Union regularly monitors the representation of women, youth, and marginalized groups in legislative bodies, emphasizing the importance of their participation as an indicator of democratic maturity. In this context, promoting legislative initiatives and institutional reforms aimed at ensuring equal access to decision-making, transparency, and accountability is becoming a priority.
The environmental agenda plays a significant role: parliaments are increasingly involved in implementing the Sustainable Development Goals and international climate commitments, including the Paris Agreement. Legislative support for climate strategies is seen as a necessary condition for a fair and inclusive green transition.
The International Day of Parliamentarism also serves as a platform for developing parliamentary diplomacy. In the context of conflicts, geopolitical turbulence, and democratic transitions, the Inter-Parliamentary Union acts as a mediator and coordinator, facilitating dialogue, exchange of experience, and strengthening trust between parliaments of various regions. This contributes not only to the advancement of democracy but also to the reinforcement of global stability.
In this context, the Inter-Parliamentary Union performs not only a coordinating function, but also normative-analytical, expert, and methodological roles, shaping a comprehensive strategy for parliamentary development. The International Day of Parliamentarism is becoming an effective mechanism for strengthening the role of parliaments in the global governance architecture, as well as an impetus for reassessing their responsibility in promoting democratic values and fulfilling international commitments.
 
International Day of Parliamentarism: A Platform for Mobilizing National Initiatives
 
The International Day of Parliamentarism is increasingly being utilized by the Inter-Parliamentary Union as a strategic platform for promoting parliamentary development priorities and consolidating the efforts of national legislative bodies to achieve global goals.
Thanks to the coordinating role of the Inter-Parliamentary Union and the active support of its partners, parliaments of more than 100 countries annually organize events dedicated to June 30. These initiatives contribute to transforming the date into a sustainable element of political and institutional culture.
In several countries, the International Day of Parliamentarism is becoming a starting point for a wide range of programs aimed at strengthening the connection between parliaments and civil society. These include public hearings and open parliamentary sessions organized to engage the population in discussing current agendas; expert round tables and seminars focused on the challenges of modern parliamentarism; and educational events for youth, including parliamentary simulations, excursions, lectures, and interactive platforms.
Special attention is paid to environmental and digital components. In recent years, initiatives to plant trees and other actions within the framework of parliamentary climate responsibility have become increasingly widespread. Simultaneously, the practice of so-called "parliamentary hackathons" - interactive sessions involving IT communities, students, and digital technology specialists - is developing. These events contribute to the introduction of technological innovations in legislative activities, the expansion of feedback channels, and the digital transformation of parliaments.
Innovative formats are developing particularly dynamically in Asian, African, and Latin American countries. Parliamentary hackathons are typically implemented in partnership with youth parliaments, universities, and technology clusters. This contributes not only to expanding citizen participation but also to institutionalizing digital approaches in lawmaking and parliamentary monitoring processes.
Thus, the International Day of Parliamentarism goes beyond being a symbolic date, becoming an effective tool for institutional renewal. It helps strengthen trust in representative bodies, increase political inclusiveness, and introduce innovative governance approaches. In the long term, such practices form sustainable models of democratic interaction based on the principles of participation, transparency, and accountability.
 
Parliamentary transformation as a vector of sustainability
 
In the context of increasing political polarization, digital transformation, and global challenges - from climate-related to socio-economic ones - the significance of parliaments as democratic institutions continues to grow. In this context, the International Day of Parliamentarism gains potential not only as a symbolic but also as a strategic platform for parliamentary renewal and international cooperation.
To enhance this day's role on the global agenda and integrate it into national practices, it seems appropriate to develop the following areas:
Firstly, the institutionalization of the International Day of Parliamentarism at the national level. This includes its official incorporation into political events calendars, the development of parliamentary plans for its implementation, regular public reporting on parliamentary activities, and the allocation of targeted budget funds for relevant events. This practice contributes to transforming the date into an integral part of parliamentary culture and a mechanism of democratic accountability.
Secondly, the development of citizen participation in parliamentary processes. This can be implemented through advisory councils under parliaments, digital feedback platforms, youth parliamentary simulations, educational campaigns, and other forms of public dialogue. Activating citizens' participation in shaping the legislative agenda helps increase the legitimacy of decisions made and strengthen trust in parliamentary institutions.
Thirdly, promoting regional and global inter-parliamentary initiatives. Of particular importance are holding joint assemblies, creating thematic working groups, exchanging best legislative practices, and coordinating supranational standards of parliamentary activity. This allows for the development of coordinated approaches to addressing transnational challenges and strengthens the role of parliaments in the global governance architecture.
Fourthly, the development of the analytical and methodological foundation of parliamentary activity. It is important to promote the development of unified indicators for assessing the effectiveness, transparency, inclusivity, and accountability of parliaments. Conducting comparative studies, participating in monitoring missions, and systematizing best practices enable scientifically grounded support for parliamentary modernization processes.
Finally, special attention should be paid to the issues of independence and security of parliamentarians as an integral condition for the implementation of parliamentary oversight and legislative activity. Strengthening legal, institutional, and procedural guarantees aimed at protecting deputies from political pressure, threats, and violence should be seen as a crucial element in ensuring the rule of law, political pluralism, and the stability of democratic institutions.
Thus, a comprehensive reassessment of the role and functions of parliaments in the context of global transformation requires a systematic approach that combines institutional strengthening, digital renewal, inter-parliamentary solidarity, and guarantees of democratic independence.
 
The Parliamentary Future: From Symbol to Action
 
The International Day of Parliamentarism is not merely a commemorative date, but a significant occasion for rethinking the role of parliaments in the architecture of modern democratic society. This event acts as a catalyst for promoting the principles of inclusivity, transparency, and accountability, which strengthens citizens' trust in parliaments and enhances their ability to adapt to a rapidly changing world.
As the Secretary General of the Inter-Parliamentary Union, Martin Chungong, emphasizes, the Union's task is to "positively influence at least one person a day," and the path to this is "unwavering commitment to dialogue, inclusion, and responsibility."
In the face of global challenges - from digital inequality to political fragmentation - parliaments remain key institutions capable of ensuring sustainable, legitimate, and just development. Their ability to respond to the challenges of the 21st century is determined not only by legal mandates but also by their deep connection with society, openness to reforms, and readiness for self-assessment.
In 2025, the key focuses of the Day of Parliamentarism are particularly relevant. Despite international efforts and progress, gender equality in politics remains an unattainable goal for most countries. The "Step by Step to Achieve Gender Equality" campaign emphasizes: this is not an abstract formula, but a practical strategy that requires consistent legislative, institutional, and cultural changes.
Only by ensuring equal participation of all citizens - regardless of gender, age, ethnicity, or social status - can parliaments truly become democratic and viable institutions. Their ability to reflect the multifaceted nature of society, respond to crises, and develop sustainable solutions will become the main criterion for successful parliamentarism in the 21st century.
 
Academician, Prof. A. Saidov,
Vice-President of the Inter-Parliamentary Union (2020-2023),
Member of the Legislative Chamber
of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan

GENDER POLICY IN UZBEKISTAN
GENDER POLICY IN UZBEKISTAN

In recent years, wide-ranging reforms have been implemented in our country aimed at creating equal rights and opportunities for women and men, ensuring the full participation of women in social and public life, supporting them socially, economically, and legally, as well as protecting them from harassment and violence.

Thanks to the high political will and initiatives of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Shavkat Mirziyoyev, the issues of ensuring gender equality, protecting the interests of women, and ensuring the strength of families have been designated as priorities of state policy. The programs and strategies adopted in this regard are recognized not only at the national but also at the international level.

The participation of women in the socio-political, economic, and spiritual life of our country is increasing day by day. Today, they actively participate in state administration bodies, parliament, local councils, entrepreneurship, and scientific fields. Systematic measures are being implemented to create new jobs for women, develop their knowledge and potential, and widely involve them in entrepreneurial activities.

Within a short period, a national legislative base corresponding to international standards in this field was created. In particular, more than 100 normative-legal acts have been adopted over the past eight years. Among them, such important regulatory documents as the Law "On Guarantees of Equal Rights and Opportunities for Women and Men" and the Law "On Protection of Women from Harassment and Violence" are of particular importance.

Today, Uzbekistan consistently continues to cooperate with international organizations such as the UN, OSCE, and UNESCO in implementing its gender policy. This cooperation is creating new opportunities for protecting the interests of women and allowing them to fully manifest their potential in our country.

In order to properly establish the gender equality policy and ensure its full implementation, the “Strategy for Achieving Gender Equality until 2030” was adopted. Work on its introduction to all spheres and sectors is being carried out rapidly.

The “Uzbekistan – 2030 Strategy” defines important goals and tasks for strengthening the system of supporting women, ensuring their rights and legal interests, increasing their social, economic, and political activity, and ensuring gender equality.

First, to continue the policy of ensuring gender equality and increasing the share of women in leadership positions by boosting their socio-political activity;

Second, to create an environment of intolerance toward harassment and violence against women in society, and to ensure the rights and legal interests of women;

Third, to establish a transparent mechanism for targeted work with the “Women's Notebook” (“Ayollar daftari”) and establish public control over these efforts.

Concepts such as gender analysis of regulatory legal acts, adopting a gender-responsive national budget, and gender auditing are being introduced into legislation and put into practice.

The Commission on Increasing the Role of Women in Society, Gender Equality, and Family Issues has been established. It coordinates efforts to create equal opportunities in all aspects of rights and freedoms, protect the interests of women in achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals, and develop and implement relevant measures to eliminate existing problems. Furthermore, regional commissions on increasing the role of women in society, gender equality, and family issues are operating under local Councils of People's Deputies.

To effectively implement state policy on ensuring the rights and interests of women and comprehensively strengthening the family institution, a vertical system has been created that reaches down to the lowest level – the neighborhood (“mahalla”) and household.

In order to elevate state policy regarding families and women in the Republic to a new level, find systematic solutions to their problems, and effectively organize and coordinate the activities of authorized bodies, the “Committee for Family and Women” was established along with its divisions in the Republic of Karakalpakstan, regions, Tashkent city, and districts (cities). The Committee has been effectively implementing tasks such as continuing the policy of ensuring gender equality, increasing the socio-political activity of women, and carrying out reforms to support them.

The "Family and Gender" Research Institute under the Committee has created the `uzgender.uz` electronic platform for studying and monitoring gender issues in Uzbekistan. It contains data such as gender indices, an electronic corpus, interactive services, a gender analytical newsletter, and a gender library. In addition, online platforms such as `gender.stat.uz` by the National Statistics Committee and `gendermadad.uz` by the NGO "Madad" under the Ministry of Justice have been launched to provide our people with consultations and information on relevant topics.

To ensure the implementation of tasks set out in the Law "On Guarantees of Equal Rights and Opportunities for Women and Men," advisory councils on ensuring gender equality have been established under state bodies, economic management structures, the private sector, and civil society institutions.

Today, the number of these Gender Advisory Councils has reached 4,000 nationwide. These councils serve as an important platform for ensuring equal rights and opportunities for men and women, maintaining gender balance in workplaces and all spheres of social life, protecting the interests of women, and effectively implementing decisions related to gender policy.

Attention is paid to increasing women's activity in political life: the Electoral Code legally stipulates that at least 40% of candidates nominated for deputy positions by political parties (or 2 out of every 5 candidates) must be women. A norm was also introduced in the Family Code establishing the marriage age for both men and women as 18 years. The list of occupations with unfavorable working conditions where the use of women's labor was fully or partially prohibited has been abolished.

In the political arena of our country, women are emerging not just as participants, but as leaders. Currently, they make up:

35% of leadership positions;

45% of entrepreneurship;

49% of political parties;

53% of higher education.

Many leading women are working in several key positions in our country – including the Chairperson of the Senate, Head of the Presidential Administration, Deputy Prime Minister, Ombudspersons, ministers, and heads of agencies and committees. This is a high evaluation of the intellectual potential, spiritual maturity, and management skills of modern Uzbek women. While the share of women in ministerial and equivalent positions was only 2.9% in 2018, by 2025 this figure reached 7.7%.

It should be noted that preparing women for leadership positions at various levels is a complex and systematic process that requires thorough preparation. To this end, 244 women have been trained so far under the newly created “School of Women Leaders” curriculum, and about 60 of them have been appointed to various leadership positions.

In particular, 15 women who received the highest Key Performance Indicators (KPI) at the “School of Preparation for Khokim (Governor/Mayor) Positions” were selected and involved in special training programs, indicating a future increase in the number of women among regional, district, and city-level leaders.

Based on Decree No. PF-95 of the President of our State dated June 19, 2025, strategic directions were set to elevate the civil service to a completely new level of quality. Within the framework of these reforms, the issue of increasing the role and activity of women in state governance is designated as a special priority. Specific target indicators have been set for the active recruitment of women into public service for the period up to 2030. In particular, the goal is to increase the share of women in the civil service as well as in the “National Personnel Reserve” to 40%.

By relevant decision of the Government, it has been established that, as a rule, at least 30% of the total number of candidates recommended for admission to the master's program of the Academy of State Policy and Governance under the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan must be women. In addition, comprehensive measures are being taken to improve the system of preparing women for high-level positions and to develop their leadership potential. Through this, women will have the opportunity to actively participate not only in the state administration system but also at the level of strategic decision-making.

Education reforms implemented in recent years are also playing an important role in increasing the social activity of women. In the process of reforms carried out to radically reform all stages of continuous education, introduce the latest advanced technologies into the educational process, and raise the professional level of teachers, special attention is paid to the education of women. As a result, in recent years, the interest of women in applied and exact sciences has been growing.

Starting from 2020, a system was introduced to admit women from needy families to higher education institutions on the basis of state grants (1,000 quotas). In 2021, these grant places were doubled, reaching 2,000. In the current year, these quotas were doubled again, reaching 4,000. As a result, over the past 5 years, nearly 13,000 women were admitted to higher education institutions on the basis of state grants under this privilege.

The number of quotas for women who have 5 years of work experience but do not have higher education was increased 5-fold, reaching 2,500. Under this privilege, more than 2,000 women entered higher education institutions between 2022 and 2025.

Since 2022, contract fees for all women studying in master's programs at State Higher Education Institutions have been covered by the state budget. In this regard, funds amounting to 333.8 billion soums were covered by the state budget between 2022 and 2025.

A system of interest-free educational loans for up to 7 years has been established for female students studying in higher education institutions, technical schools, and colleges. In this regard, educational loans worth 4.6 trillion soums were allocated to nearly 415,000 female students in 2022-2025.

As a result of these opportunities and privileges, the share of women among students in higher education reached 53.2%, and in master's programs 65.8%. The interest of girls in modern knowledge and professions is growing. For example, girls make up 51% of the youth trained under the "One Million Coders" project.

Expanding the economic opportunities of women, ensuring their employment, involving them in entrepreneurship, and developing their businesses play an important role in increasing their social activity. Based on the decrees of our head of state, it is planned to ensure the employment of 2 million women and to train 250,000 women in professions and entrepreneurship this year alone.

Also, within the framework of the “HAMROH” program for supporting businesswomen, the following goals are set:

Allocating grants up to 50 million soums to 1,000 “mentor” female entrepreneurs who supported women in implementing "green projects" and IT projects, as well as helping at least 5 women start their businesses;

Allocating collateral-free loans up to 100 million soums to women with a positive credit history;

Forming entrepreneurship skills in women who want to start their own businesses through the launch of the "Partner Entrepreneur" (“Hamkor tadbirkor”) program, helping women start businesses on a cooperative basis, and assisting women in placing and selling their products on local and international electronic platforms.

Also, targeted work is being carried out with female entrepreneurs through a 4-stage system: “First Step to Business”, “Starting a Business”, “Expanding a Business”, and “Elevating a Business” to form a wide layer of “champion entrepreneurs” in cooperation with partner organizations.

As a result, in 9 months of this year, assistance was provided to secure lucrative employment for 2 million 48 thousand women across the Republic:

527.6 thousand women were employed in vacant positions in enterprises and organizations.

296.8 thousand women were trained in vocations and entrepreneurship. In particular, 160.8 thousand women were trained in vocations, 136 thousand women in entrepreneurship, and 63.9 thousand were attached to artisans.

99 thousand women were involved in training by Women's Entrepreneurship Centers.

Commercial banks allocated credit funds amounting to 15.7 trillion soums to 203 thousand women to support entrepreneurship projects. Of this, 1.7 trillion soums of credit funds were allocated to 105 thousand women within the framework of family entrepreneurship development programs. The Central Bank approved the Strategy for Providing Financial Services in the Field of Supporting Women's Entrepreneurship.

In order to systematically organize employment and health-strengthening efforts for women by training them in professional and entrepreneurial skills at the lowest level – the neighborhoods (“mahallas”), the activities of centers for ensuring employment and strengthening the health of women were launched in 2,876 mahallas.

In order to provide comprehensive legal, psychological, and mediation services to families and women, and to train couples getting married in family life lessons, “Family and Women Centers” were established in 197 districts and cities based on new approaches.

The public council “Women's Enlightenment” (“Ayol ma'rifati”) was established, uniting women in the scientific and creative fields to elevate family education and effectively utilize the scientific developments of family scholars that contribute to the development of the family institution. This council implemented about 10 projects, such as "History of Jadid Women," "Woman - Symbol of Progress," "Women towards Ecological Activity," and "Woman - Support of Society."

The "Responsible Parenting" project, aimed at forming prosperous and stable families based on national values among young families, was introduced. As a result of selection events for nominating families for the "Exemplary Family of New Uzbekistan" contest and awarding them with the "Exemplary Family" badge, their number exceeded 160 thousand. 2,000 families were awarded the "Exemplary Family" badge, which is a 9.6-fold increase compared to last year. Today, they actively assist in preventing family conflicts.

In order to sanitize the socio-spiritual environment in families and prevent women from falling under the influence of various negative and foreign ideas, propaganda groups consisting of more than 145 thousand active women were re-formed.

To award active women, the “Mo'tabar Ayol” (Venerable Woman) badge was established, and 2,090 women have been awarded to date. 480 talented girls were awarded the Zulfiya State Prize, established to increase the socio-political activity of young women and create conditions for them to realize their abilities and potential in various fields, as well as to encourage them.

In order to support persons with disabilities, disabled individuals, lonely elderly citizens, and other socially vulnerable categories of the population, and to organize social assistance in a fair, targeted, and transparent manner, completely new and unique mechanisms such as the “Iron Notebook” (“Temir daftar”), “Women's Notebook” (“Ayollar daftari”), and “Youth Notebook” (“Yoshlar daftari”) were created. Through the system of working with the "Women's Notebook" alone, practical assistance was provided to 4.5 million needy, low-income women in 2021-2025.

In order to expand opportunities for increasing women's socio-political activity, special attention was paid to strengthening the preschool education system in the country. While the coverage of children with preschool education was 38% in 2018, as a result of reforms, it was increased to 78%.

In all legal entities except budget organizations, a procedure has been established for granting and paying pregnancy and childbirth allowances from the State Budget funds based on the minimum consumer expenditure for each month to women who have continuous work experience of at least the last 6 months. Under this, it is stipulated that an allowance in the amount of 4 times the minimum consumer expenditure is paid before the birth of the employee's child. For this purpose, more than 56.6 billion soums of pregnancy and childbirth allowances were paid to women working in the private sector from the Social Insurance Fund.

Subsidies are being paid from the State Budget to cover the wages of educators in preschool education organizations established under organizations where women work evening shifts.

A mechanism for taking women victims of harassment and violence under state protection and issuing protection orders has been created. In order to prevent gender-based violence, separate articles on domestic (household) violence, harassment, and disclosing information that humiliates a person's honor and dignity or reflects confidential aspects of human life were included in the legislation.

Centers for Rehabilitation and Adaptation of Women operate to provide socio-legal and psychological assistance to women who have suffered from harassment and violence or fell into difficult social situations, and to provide them with targeted support.

The Committee for Family and Women and its territorial divisions:

Are exempted from paying state fees for lawsuits filed in courts to protect the rights and legal interests of women;

Can submit mandatory representations to heads of state bodies and organizations to eliminate violations of legislative acts, as well as the causes and conditions giving rise to them, in the field of ensuring the rights and legal interests of women and strengthening families;

Benefit from a newly created system to release women from punishment ahead of schedule on bail (surety).

The President of Uzbekistan noted the priorities of expanding partnership with the World Bank
The President of Uzbekistan noted the priorities of expanding partnership with the World Bank

President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev met with World Bank Vice President for Europe and Central Asia Antonella Bassani on September 30.

The sides considered topical issues of further expansion of strategic cooperation with the World Bank Group and support of this leading international financial institution to the ongoing reform program in New Uzbekistan.

At the beginning of the meeting, Vice President Antonella Bassani conveyed to the head of our state sincere greetings and best wishes of World Bank President Ajay Bangui.

During the conversation, the current high level and fruitful nature of bilateral cooperation were noted with deep satisfaction.

In recent years, our country has become one of the largest partners of the Bank - the portfolio of projects has increased several times and now exceeds 12 billion dollars.

The World Bank supports the implementation of important reforms aimed at ensuring the sustainability of economic and social sectors. Since July this year, the Bank's regional office has been operating in Tashkent.

Such areas as poverty reduction, transformation of state-owned enterprises and banks, decarbonization, support for WTO accession and others have been identified as priorities for further expansion of the partnership.

Special attention was paid to the programs of urbanization and integrated development of regions, modernization of energy and irrigation infrastructure, support to the private sector.

There was also an exchange of views on the promotion of regional projects.

Uzbekistan – Turkey: The Practical Phase of Cooperation in the Forestry Sector
Uzbekistan – Turkey: The Practical Phase of Cooperation in the Forestry Sector

Today, one of the priority areas of state policy in Uzbekistan is focused on expanding forested areas, increasing green coverage, mitigating the negative impacts of climate change, and ensuring environmental sustainability. In order to achieve effective results in these areas, studying advanced foreign experience and adapting it to the country’s climatic conditions is of particular importance. In this context, the participation of a delegation of representatives of the Forestry Agency under the National Committee on Ecology and Climate Change of Uzbekistan in a training and practical seminar organized during their visit to the Republic of Turkey in October 2025 was of significant importance.

The seminar, organized in cooperation between the Forestry Agency and the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of the Republic of Turkey, enabled participants to familiarize themselves with Turkey’s experience in forest establishment, restoration, ecological classification, and sustainable forest management. In particular, on the first day of the seminar, Turkish specialist Ahmed Yalvach delivered a detailed presentation on modern approaches applied in the development of forestry.

Within the framework of the practical visit, Turkey’s advanced experience in establishing and managing nurseries, creating forests using the “terrace” method in mountainous areas, developing “green belts” around cities, and establishing green public parks in urban and district areas was studied.

In addition, members of the delegation closely examined the activities of nurseries operated by the Seydikemer and Gökova Forestry Departments located in Muğla Province. Notably, the Seydikemer nursery, established in 1983, covers an area of 144 hectares and has an annual production capacity of 1.5 million seedlings. The Gökova nursery, occupying more than 61 hectares, stands out with its capacity to produce up to 7 million seedlings per year.

It was emphasized that special attention to seed collection, storage, and laboratory analysis in these nurseries allows the production rate of high-quality seedlings and saplings to reach 90–95 percent. Participants studied the practical experience of Turkish specialists in establishing mother plantations, caring for seedlings and saplings, and grafting techniques.

The delegation members were also introduced to the use of greenhouses, in vitro laboratories, modern equipment, and mechanisms for managing seasonal work processes. The experience-sharing activities were conducted in an atmosphere of open dialogue and professional cooperation.

In conclusion, cooperation between Uzbekistan and Turkey in the forestry sector has acquired a practical dimension, contributing to the adoption of advanced practices, enhancement of specialists’ capacity, and the formation of a sustainable ecological environment in Uzbekistan. The knowledge and skills gained within the framework of this cooperation will play an important role in further improving the national forestry system.