Cooperation between Uzbekistan and Azerbaijan in the field of ecology and environmental protection is reaching a new level, encompassing both bilateral initiatives and active engagement on international platforms. Humanity finally discovered that poisoning the planet might have consequences. Remarkable timing.

The foundation of this partnership remains the Agreement on Cooperation in the Field of Environmental Protection, signed on September 11, 2008, in Baku. Today, the two sides continue to work on a new intergovernmental agreement intended to make cooperation more systematic and strategic. At the same time, regular exchanges of experience and information are taking place through international conferences, meetings, and platforms, including the structures of the Commonwealth of Independent States.

Contacts within climate forums have gained particular importance. During COP28, representatives of the two countries discussed the transition toward a sustainable and resource-efficient economy within the Economic Cooperation Organization region. The dialogue later continued on the sidelines of the United Nations Environment Assembly in Nairobi, where the parties focused on preparations for COP29, held in Baku.

COP29 itself became an important milestone in deepening regional cooperation. During the conference, the first meeting of environmental ministers of the Organization of Turkic States was held, resulting in the signing of a corresponding declaration. In addition, Uzbekistan and Azerbaijan joined the regional “Glaciers to Farms” program, implemented with the support of the Asian Development Bank and the Green Climate Fund. The program aims to mobilize $3.5 billion to improve the resilience of agriculture and infrastructure in the face of glacier melting.

Educational cooperation also remains an important area of partnership. Young environmental activists from Azerbaijan participated in international environmental camps in Samarkand organized with the involvement of the International Public Foundation “Zamin.”

An active dialogue is also being conducted at the level of профильных ведомств. In 2024, an Azerbaijani delegation visited the National Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Ecology and Climate Change during the first Uzbek-Azerbaijani Media Forum, where the parties exchanged experience in environmental communication and countering disinformation. Because apparently even climate change now has to survive internet arguments.

Future prospects for cooperation include several promising areas. These include exchanging experience in air quality monitoring and the development of green urbanization, expanding scientific research through the Central Asian University for Environmental and Climate Change Studies (Green University), and cooperation in the management of protected natural areas.

The parties are also considering the establishment of a joint working group and the completion of the new intergovernmental agreement. Additionally, they propose intensifying cooperation within international environmental conventions, including Azerbaijan’s accession to the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals.

Special attention is also being given to upcoming international events. Azerbaijan will participate in the 8th Assembly of the Global Environment Facility and will present its National Pavilion at the Eco Expo Central Asia 2026 exhibition, which will take place in Samarkand.

Thus, Uzbek-Azerbaijani cooperation in the environmental sphere demonstrates steady momentum and covers a broad range of areas, from climate policy and scientific research to youth initiatives and international cooperation.

The beginning of the 15th century presented profound lessons, primarily for Europe and, moreover, for the entire world. These were the fruits of the activities of Amir Temur (Tamerlane), who was raised in the spirit of the traditions of Turanian statehood, drew inspiration from the life-giving ideas of Islam and elevated social thought to a new level by analyzing his life through the scales of genius.

With the brilliant personality of Amir Temur, the period known globally as the Middle Ages - an evolutionary era that brought numerous innovations to human civilization - came to an end and a new era based on industrial and intellectual revolutions began. Amir Temur’s lessons also had a positive impact on the development of the old continent, Europe. We can clearly observe this through specific parameters.

First of all, the luminous personality of Amir Temur redefined concepts such as ruler, king, and emperor for Europe. In an environment where absolute monarchy and other systems prevailed, the right to rule was passed down from generation to generation based on inheritance. The question of who would hold the reins of the state remained a matter of fate (cases of mentally challenged or disabled individuals ascending the throne occurred in European history).

Furthermore, there were periods when the internal structures of power lacked integrity: the administration functioned on its own, the military sphere acted according to the demands of the situation and the economy developed based on natural potential. Although such circumstances created a practical need for a single, strong hand to unify authority, there were no established legal or social foundations to legitimize such centralized power.

This kind of fragmentation and, moreover, chaos led to various conflicts. From this perspective, “palace games” and “palace intrigues” were commonplace and caused significant headaches. Through Amir Temur’s activities, however, it was proven in practice that one person could manage all tasks (and that a head of state could simultaneously be a military commander, a reformer in economic and spiritual spheres, a patron of science and even a creator). Consequently, concept of a state leader and guide acquired a broader meaning and essence.

Through his activities, the Sahibkiran (Sovereign) elevated Eurasian cooperation to a new level. Although conquerors from Asia such as Attila, Balamber, Genghis Khan, Batu and others captured significant parts of Europe during various historical shifts, leaving a certain mark on its history and managing to impose their policies, the traces left by their nature as steppe nomads -characterized by cruelty, intransigence and severity - came to be remembered in the life of these regions through ruins and atrocities.

Amir Temur’s policy based on compromise, safety and peace he granted to peoples who voluntarily came under his rule without resistance, as well as his creative activities (there is ample evidence of him restoring neglected graves, constructing buildings and digging canals to establish agriculture wherever he went), fundamentally changed the witnesses' perception of the Eastern ruler. Gradually, stereotypes such as “barbarians” and “savages” began to break down. Overall, views towards the East, Asia and specifically the Islamic religion shifted for the better and interest grew.

In Europe, the influence of the church was powerful and often played a brutal role. Campaigns known as the Crusades claimed countless lives. Conflicts arising from tensions between Catholics and Protestants, as well as the Inquisition - which burned enlightened thinkers like Giordano Bruno at the stake and movements like the Jesuits, were opposed to any freedom-seeking endeavor. In Amir Temur’s state, the separation of religion from the state and the clear definition of religion's role and functions within the empire represented a significant progress. This situation laid the foundation for the introduction of progressive ideas into the governance of European states.

In this regard, specific criteria began to be established and were refined over the years. Whereas previously science and education were under the control of the church, the state now began to involve itself in these sectors. Consequently, secular directions were strengthened in educational institutions, which led to the advancement of science.

The personality and name of the Sahibkiran (Sovereign) became famous throughout the world. As the “Saviour of Europe”, a golden statue of him adorned the halls of the Louvre in Paris. English playwright Christopher Marlowe initiated the process of creating the image of Amir Temur in world literature by writing the tragedy ‘Tamburlaine the Great’ (1587). In 1681, another English writer, Charles Saunders, wrote and staged the tragedy “Tamerlane”.

Those who viewed Amir Temur with an impartial eye recognized and valued him as a statesman and military leader who influenced and initiated the European Renaissance and as the one who saved Europe and Russia.

Hakim SATTORIY,

Due to the Aral Sea tragedy, the negative consequences of climate change are more acute in Central Asia. The increase in air temperature in our region is twice the world average. The number of extremely hot days is expected to double and the area of glaciers will shrink by a third. In the last 30 years, the rate of warming in Central Asia is higher than the global average, and the average annual temperature has increased by 0.5 degrees. According to forecasts, the temperature is expected to increase by 2.0-5.7 degrees by 2085.

Uzbekistan is making active efforts to improve the quality of the environment and prevent the negative consequences of environmental problems. In particular:

Within the framework of international cooperation

Currently, the need for international cooperation in the field of environmental protection is determined by the growing ecological interdependence of all countries. Ozon layer depletion, pollution of the atmosphere and oceans, and the rise in temperature on our planet affect the entire world community, not just the countries engaged in environmentally dangerous activities. Therefore, today, a number of countries have established cooperation with the United Nations Organization on issues of environmental safety.

Such cooperation is based on a number of principles generally recognized by the international community. They are partly reflected in interstate agreements and acts, normative documents of international organizations, and summarized in the decisions of the most important international conferences dedicated to environmental protection and the regulation of cooperation between states and peoples in this field.

Based on this, Uzbekistan is actively promoting important climate initiatives aimed at uniting the region to combat climate change. These ideas of the President of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev are constantly supported by the countries of the region.

As a logical continuation of the formation of a unified climate agenda for Central Asia, the initiative to develop a regional strategy for adaptation to climate change was announced by Uzbekistan at the 5th meeting of state leaders. In addition, the Head of Uzbekistan proposed to establish a multilateral platform at the level of the ministers of ecology - "Central Asian climate dialogue", which can be an integrating link in the path of "green" development in Central Asian countries.

In addition, President Shavkat Mirziyoev put forward a number of proposals at the United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP28). In particular, our country's President advocated for an expeditious agreement on the Global Framework for Climate Adaptation within the framework of the Paris Agreement. At the same time, he noted the need for a fair, transparent and inclusive transition to a low-carbon economy on a global scale, in which the interests of developing countries must be taken into account. He proposed to consider this urgent problem on a permanent basis, including within the framework of the "G7" and "G20" summits.

Within the framework of environmental reforms in our country

A strategy for the transition to a «green» economy

Uzbekistan adopted the strategy of transitioning to a "green" economy for 2019-2030. The main goals of this strategy are:

Preservation of natural resources: Modernization of irrigation systems, introduction of water-saving technologies.

Use of alternative energy sources: Expanding the use of solar, wind and biomass energy.

Introduction of cost-effective means in economic sectors: Improving energy efficiency in manufacturing and service sectors.

Improvement of environmental legislation

Legislation is also being improved to ensure environmental stability in Uzbekistan. These laws are aimed at providing legal groundwork to the reforms implemented in the fields of environmental protection and ecological stability.

Project "Restoration of sustainable forest landscapes in Uzbekistan"

The project "Restoration of sustainable forest landscapes in Uzbekistan" is being implemented in collaboration with the International Development Association. The cost of the project is more than 205 million dollars and it will be implemented within 6 years. It is important that the goals of the project include such tasks as expanding the territory of forests, strengthening the material and technical base of forestry, introducing sustainable management and developing the infrastructure of ecotourism.

"Uzbekistan - 2030" strategy

In the "Uzbekistan-2030" strategy adopted by the Decree of the President of Uzbekistan on September 11, 2023, reforms in the framework of water resources conservation and environmental protection are set as one of the priority goals. A number of measures are envisaged within the framework of the strategy, and they are being effectively implemented. In particular,

National project “Yashil Makon” ("Green Zone").

The Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers No.144-F of March 7, 2024 was adopted in order to implement the activities of the nationwide project "Green Space" in 2024. This project included a number of important initiatives aimed at improving the environmental situation in Uzbekistan and expanding green areas.

138.1 million tree saplings were planted in the spring planting season of 2024 within the "Green Zone" national project. This indicator made 110.5 percent compared to the planned one. This part of the project is aimed not only at environmental improvement but also at improving the aesthetic appearance of our cities.

"Green Parks" and "Green Belts"

In particular, 257 "Green Parks" were established, their total number reached 517. Also, "Green Belts" were established by planting 5.3 million tree saplings in and around industrial enterprises. These efforts were made to reduce the impact of industrial enterprises and protect the environment.

Initiatives of organizations and agencies

Ministries and agencies are also contributing to the aforementioned work. In particular, the Ministry of Defense created a park of 100 hectares, the Ministry of Digital Technologies and the Ministry of Mining and Geology — 65 hectares. These efforts are critical to ensuring the comprehensiveness and sustainability of the project.

Tree planting and waste recycling

In our country, trees have been planted near highways and railways, on river and canal banks, at industrial enterprises and gas stations. These are especially aimed at reducing the negative impact of transport and industry on the environment.

On average, 6.8 million tonnes of household waste are produced in our country per year. In recent years, the number of neighbourhoods covered by sanitation services has increased by more than 90 percent. The level of waste processing was 38.1 percent as of July 1, 2024, and the number of such enterprises was 313 as of February. 

Waste treatment and landfills

A new system for the regulation of landfills and waste processing is being launched. In each region, 3-4 landfills with a convenient location are being turned into special eco-industrial zones, and recycling projects are being implemented. In the remaining landfills, a new practice is being used to start temporary waste collection and reloading stations. The landfills that exhausted their resources are closed, poplar, mulberry, elm and maple trees are planted around them, and "green belts" are being established.

Avazbek Kholbekov,

Head of Department – Development Strategy Centеr

On July 24^th an International Scientific and Practical Conference entitled “Brother Cities: A New Model of Sustainable Development and Public Diplomacy” was held in Samarkand.

This prestigious event was organized to further develop cooperation between brother cities, strengthen public diplomacy mechanisms, and expand the international exchange of experience. The event brought together experts and specialists from approximately 20 foreign countries, representatives of city administrations, foreign embassies in Uzbekistan, and international organizations (both online and offline), as well as representatives of government and public organizations, higher education institutions, and the media.

This international scientific and practical conference is aimed at strengthening friendship, harmony, and cultural and humanitarian ties between cities through public diplomacy. The event featured discussions on implementing joint projects, exchanging experience, and developing mutually beneficial cooperation in the fields of culture, education, tourism, economy, ecology, and innovation. Furthermore, the conference contributed to strengthening mutual understanding and trust between nations, as well as advancing peace and sustainable development through respect for national values and traditions.

The conference included a plenary session and three thematic sessions.

The main goal of the scientific and practical conference, which took place during the plenary session entitled “Brother Cities: A New Model of Sustainable Development and Public Diplomacy” was to engage in a scientific and practical discussion of cooperation between brother cities as an important mechanism for public diplomacy, as well as to further strengthen mutual trust, cultural integration, and humanitarian ties between peoples through international contacts at the local level.

During the first session, entitled “Trade, Economic, and Investment Cooperation between Brother Cities and Regions”, issues related to the development of trade and economic ties, expansion of investment interaction, and the implementation of mutually beneficial projects between brother cities and regions were discussed.

During the session, participants shared views and proposals on effectively utilizing the economic potential of regions, establishing industrial cooperation, expanding export opportunities, creating favorable conditions for investment projects, and strengthening direct ties with foreign partners. Special attention was also paid to developing cooperation between small and medium-sized businesses of brother cities, supporting innovative economic initiatives, and directing interregional partnerships toward concrete, practical results. The session served as an important dialogue platform for boosting the investment attractiveness of regions and identifying new areas of cooperation.

The second session was devoted to the topic “Prospects for Cooperation between Brother Cities in Science, Education, Technology, and Innovation”. The discussion focused on areas for developing collaboration between brother cities in science, education, digital technology, and innovation. This meeting explored issues such as establishing partnerships between higher education institutions, research centers, and innovative organizations, implementing joint research projects, expanding academic exchange programs, and creating new opportunities for young scientists and researchers.

Particular attention was also paid to the international exchange of experience in implementing “smart city” technologies, modern management systems, environmental innovations, and digital solutions. The session covered topics such as pooling knowledge and expertise, supporting innovative ideas, and developing new mechanisms to foster sustainable urban development.

The third session was titled “Tourism is a Strategic Tool for the Development of the Global Network of Brother Cities”. During this meeting, the tourism sector was discussed as a key area for strengthening cooperation between brother cities, developing cultural ties between peoples, and expanding the scope of public diplomacy.

Within the framework of the session, discussions focused on popularizing Uzbekistan’s rich historical and cultural heritage, tourism potential, and modern tourism opportunities at the international level, as well as implementing joint tourism projects with foreign cities and establishing new routes. Participants shared their views on integrating tourism, culture, and economic cooperation, developing mutual tourist exchanges between cities, creating unified tourist routes, and broadly promoting national values and cultural heritage.

The international scientific and practical conference “Brother Cities: A New Model of Sustainable Development and Public Diplomacy”, held in the city of Samarkand, played a significant role in developing cooperation between cities, expanding public diplomacy opportunities, and strengthening the international exchange of experiences. Initiatives and proposals put forward during the conference will facilitate the launch of new joint projects in areas such as economics, education, innovation, tourism, and cultural and humanitarian cooperation. This conference served as an important discussion platform for strengthening the bonds of friendship and trust between brother cities, as well as creating new opportunities on the path to sustainable development.

Dunyo IA

In October, the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Shavkat Mirziyoyev, will pay a state visit to the Kingdom of Belgium, during which important decisions are expected to be made that will mark a qualitatively new stage in relations between Uzbekistan and the European Union. In particular, the visit will feature the signing of the Agreement on Enhanced Partnership and Cooperation.

In recent years, Uzbekistan has been actively shaping a new framework of engagement with Europe – a key pillar of stability amid current geopolitical tensions and global economic uncertainty. The ties between Uzbekistan and European countries continue to grow, and the areas of cooperation are diversifying, supported by the ongoing reforms in Uzbekistan.

Building a New Chapter in Relations

After gaining independence, Uzbekistan’s relations with the European Union developed dynamically. A Memorandum of Understanding between the Government of Uzbekistan and the European Commission was signed in 1992, followed by the establishment of diplomatic relations in 1994. The foundation of cooperation was laid by the Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (PCA) signed in June 1996 and entering into force in 1999. However, at a certain stage, cooperation faced difficulties due to the insufficient pace of democratic reforms in Uzbekistan.

With the election of Shavkat Mirziyoyev as President, the situation changed dramatically. As early as 2017, during his visit to Tashkent, Stefano Manservisi, Director-General for International Cooperation and Development of the European Commission, stated that “the EU regards Uzbekistan as a strategic partner.” The sweeping democratic and economic reforms launched in Uzbekistan helped resolve within a short period many issues that had long remained unsolved. Forced labor was completely eradicated, and reforms in the cotton sector enabled the country to abandon raw cotton exports altogether.

As reforms advanced, the legal and institutional framework of relations with Europe expanded rapidly. While previously Uzbekistan and the EU granted each other most-favored-nation treatment under the PCA, in April 2021 the EU granted Uzbekistan GSP+ beneficiary status, and in 2022 the Enhanced Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (EPCA) was initialed.

Along with internal transformation, Uzbekistan’s foreign policy architecture also changed. Priority was given to closer cooperation with neighboring Central Asian states, as well as the active expansion of ties with European countries – a vector that has strengthened steadily in recent years.

Just in the past year, Uzbekistan established strategic partnership relations with France, Italy, and Slovakia, while discussions on expanding strategic cooperation with Hungary continued. President Mirziyoyev also visited Slovenia, and Italy’s Prime Minister and Bulgaria’s President visited Uzbekistan.

A milestone in strengthening relations between Uzbekistan and Europe, and between Europe and Central Asia as a whole – was the first EU–Central Asia Summit, held in Samarkand in April 2025 under the chairmanship of Shavkat Mirziyoyev. Uzbekistan presented a broad range of initiatives to create a new model of regional cooperation between Central Asia and Europe, including: a multilateral agreement on investment protection and promotion; the launch of a Central Asia–EU Joint Chamber of Commerce; the adoption of a regional support program for SMEs and women’s entrepreneurship; the establishment of an investment platform to promote regional projects in green energy, innovation, transport, infrastructure, and agriculture.

The Samarkand Summit was highly productive. A Joint Declaration was adopted, establishing a strategic partnership between the two regions in trade, transport, energy, digital connectivity, and water management. European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen announced that the EU had prepared a €12 billion investment package for Central Asia under the Global Gateway initiative.

The Trajectory of Economic Cooperation

Uzbekistan’s deep democratic transformations have significantly improved relations with European countries. Economic reforms have enhanced the competitiveness of Uzbekistan’s economy, stimulating investor confidence and growing interest from European businesses.

The results are impressive. Over the past 8 years, Uzbekistan’s GDP has doubled, reaching $115 billion in 2024. Since 2017, investment in fixed capital has totaled $240 billion, of which foreign investment exceeded $130 billion. The country’s foreign exchange reserves surpassed $48 billion for the first time in history. Structurally, the share of industry in the economy increased from 20% to 26%, and services from 44% to 47%. Labor productivity (GDP per employed person) rose by 45%.

As a result, opportunities for mutually beneficial cooperation between Uzbek and European businesses have expanded. Between 2017 and 2024, Uzbekistan’s trade with the EU increased 2.4 times to $6.4 billion; exports grew 3.6 times to $1.7 billion, and imports 2.2 times to $4.7 billion. In 2024, the EU’s share in Uzbekistan’s total trade turnover was 9.7%, in exports 6.3%, and in imports 12%. The EU ranked third among Uzbekistan’s trade partners, after China and Russia.

The EU’s share in Uzbekistan’s total exports increased from 3.8% to 6.3% over the same period. This growth was driven by Uzbekistan’s accession to the GSP+ preferential trade system, granting duty-free access to the EU market across roughly 6,200 tariff lines. The share of Uzbekistan’s exports benefiting from GSP+ reached 59%, with a preference utilization rate of 84%, indicating efficient use of trade benefits.

In 2024, Uzbekistan’s exports to the EU were dominated by chemical products (52.1%), as well as textiles, ferrous and non-ferrous metals, minerals, and food products. Among EU members, France accounted for 47.2% of exports, Lithuania for 10%, and Latvia for 6.9%.

Uzbekistan’s imports from the EU significantly exceeded exports – a reflection of the ongoing technological modernization of the national economy. Around 16% of Uzbekistan’s total imports of machinery, equipment, and transport vehicles come from EU countries.

Investment cooperation is also expanding rapidly. In 2024, foreign investments and loans from EU countries and their financial institutions increased by 77%, reaching $4.1 billion (compared to $2.3 billion in 2023). The most active investors were Germany ($1.37 billion), the Netherlands ($1.05 billion), Cyprus ($858.9 million), the Czech Republic ($137.8 million), Italy ($99.8 million), and Sweden ($97.5 million). Today, around 1,000 enterprises with EU capital operate in Uzbekistan, with a total project portfolio of €30 billion.

A special role in recent years belongs to the EBRD, of which Uzbekistan has become one of the largest beneficiaries. The Bank’s total investments in Uzbekistan’s economy exceeded €5 billion, including around €1 billion in 2024, primarily directed toward the private sector.

Reforms in Uzbekistan have become the key driver for unlocking the significant potential of trade and economic cooperation with the European Union.

Uzbekistan–Belgium

The upcoming visit will also focus on strengthening relations between Uzbekistan and Belgium. Diplomatic relations were established following the opening of the Embassy of Uzbekistan in Brussels in 1993. In 1996, the two countries signed an Agreement on avoidance of double taxation, and in 1998 – an Agreement on mutual protection and promotion of investments, which provide legal guarantees for investors in both states.

Business contacts have intensified in parallel with Uzbekistan’s reform agenda. The visits of 2019 and 2022 set the tone for cooperation in infrastructure, energy, and the digital economy. More important than the current trade volumes has been the recognition and support of Uzbekistan’s reforms by EU partners, laying the foundation for long-term engagement.

In 2024, bilateral trade amounted to $62.3 million, including $7.3 million in Uzbek exports and $55 million in imports. Investment cooperation is gaining momentum: several dozen companies with Belgian capital now operate in Uzbekistan, including wholly owned enterprises. New technologies are being localized, for example, Jaga Climate Designers is participating in a joint venture for heating and ventilation systems, and Picanol Group is localizing the assembly of high-tech textile machinery. Belgian brands Belcolade and Prefamac are exploring opportunities to launch chocolate production with subsequent localization.

Despite modest trade volumes, there is significant potential for expanding cooperation in several areas. Given Belgium’s leading role in pharmaceuticals and biomedical research and Uzbekistan’s growing pharmaceutical market, joint ventures or industrial clusters could be developed in this sector, involving companies such as UCB and Janssen Pharmaceutica.

There is also strong potential for joint fruit and vegetable processing projects in Uzbekistan, targeting exports to the EU via Belgian logistics hubs such as the Port of Antwerp and wholesale markets. Potential partners include Greenyard and Puratos. Direct seasonal exports of fresh fruits (e.g., grapes in autumn and winter), as well as dried vegetables, spices, and organic products, could also be expanded. In light industry, there is room to increase exports of ready-made knitwear and home textiles, provided European quality and safety standards are met. The market potential is evident – Belgium imported about $7.9 billion worth of clothing in 2024.

The main challenges remain logistics and standards. Belgium functions as a major EU maritime hub centered around Antwerp, while direct routes from Uzbekistan are still limited. The near-term priority should be pilot supply chains ensuring quality and traceability, the development of cold logistics, certification under EU technical and sanitary regulations, the use of Benelux consolidation hubs, and trade finance tools for SMEs. With the gradual development of new overland routes along the Middle Corridor, Uzbekistan will gain a stronger foothold in high value-added exports without higher costs or delivery delays.

Conclusion

Uzbekistan is entering a stage of deepened economic cooperation with the European Union. During the ongoing modernization and digital transformation of its economy, European investment, technology, education, and research experience can play a key role. At the same time, Uzbekistan seeks to expand exports of industrial goods as their quality improves.

Uzbekistan is also a rapidly growing market with a young and dynamic population, now reaching 38 million people – an 18% increase since 2017. Every year, around 700,000 economically active individuals enter the labor market, forming a substantial human resource base for the economy, including joint ventures.

As a result of poverty reduction policies, living standards and household incomes have risen significantly. Whereas a third of the population once lived below the poverty line, 7.5 million people have been lifted out of poverty, and the poverty rate declined to 8.9% in 2024, with plans to reduce it further to 6% this year. These policies not only address social challenges but also expand domestic demand, increasing the interest of European businesses in entering Uzbekistan’s market.

The further deepening of Uzbekistan’s economic engagement with the EU and Belgium is an objectively mutually beneficial process – one that will define the success of the upcoming state visit of President Shavkat Mirziyoyev to Belgium.

The agreements expected to be signed will help advance joint projects in sustainable energy and infrastructure, strengthen transport and technological connectivity between Central Asia and Europe, and position Europe as a key partner in Uzbekistan’s long-term growth and modernization trajectory.

 Obid Khakimov,  

Director of the Center for
Economic Research and Reforms

The capital of Uzbekistan will host the 17^th Central Asian International Textile Machinery Exhibition – CAITME 2026. It will inaugurate the traditional Global Textile Days week.

CAITME is a major event for Central Asia's textile and garment industries and, according to an independent audit, the largest specialist exhibition of its kind in the CIS. The exhibition plays an important role in equipping and uprading the region's textile and garment sector, helping manufacturers increase productivity, adopt advanced technologies and strengthen their competitiveness in the international markets.

This year, the exhibition will bring together 250 companies and brands from 17 countries. Germany will be represented by its National Pavilion, while companies from Austria, India, Italy, China, Turkiye, the USA, Switzerland and other leading textile-producing countries will also take part. Registration of participants is in full swing.

As in previous years, the exhibition will feature recognised global leaders in textile machinery manufacturing and suppliers of advanced technologies from Europe and Asia, including Rieter, Uster, Novibra, SSM, Spindelfabrik Sussen, Toyota, Muratec, Truetzschler, Saurer, Picanol, Santoni, Terrot, Habasit, MHMS, Vandewiele NV, Karl Mayer, Staubli, IRO, Biancalani, Ferraro, Epson, Zimmer Austria, Mario Crosta, Itema, Lafer, Motex Di Modiano Guido, Salvade`, Simet, Dettin, Sclavos, Effe, Mahlo, Lonati, Shima Seiki, Andritz Küsters, Brückner, Carl Schmale, Sossna, Texpa, Thies, Groz-Beckert KG, Kaeser Kompressoren, Schott & Meissner, Textima, Tetas, Temsan, Lakshmi Machine Works, Lakshmi Card Clothing, Precitex, Kansai, Brazzoli, Eliar, Guven Celik, West Global, CTMTC, Hengyi, Leadsfon, Rifa, Yingyang, Baoyu, Dyestar, NF Kimya, Eksoy, Deniz Kimya and many more.

Uzbekistan is represented by leading industry players.                    

A highlight of the exhibition will be the innovative TextileExpo Uzbekistan Sourcing Hub Project, which will take place on September 9^th. For the first time in Uzbekistan, textile manufacturers and buyers from retail chains, factories and specialist companies will be able to hold direct business-to-business negotiations in a digital format using Artificial Intelligence.

https://drive.google.com/drive/u/0/folders/1nBUkXzHeF1F5lU-CGzZOI4CrmzOFfbZD

                                                                                      Dunyo IA

                                                                                      Tashkent

Today, as global climate changes are observed, the population is growing, and industrial sectors are rapidly developing, the value of water resources is increasing not only in the Central Asian region but also worldwide.

According to the data, over the past 30 years, the air temperature in our region has increased by one and a half degrees, as a result of which about a third of the centuries-old glaciers in the highlands have melted, and the volume of water in rivers and streams has decreased slightly.

If current climate trends continue, in the next twenty years, the flow of the two large rivers, Amu Darya and Syr Darya, may decrease by 15%. This would result in a 25 percent reduction in per capita water availability and agricultural crop yields.

These are not just numbers, but indicators related to the fate and well-being of the people living in the region.

According to scientists, by 2040 in some areas of Central Asia, the need for water resources will triple. Over time, economic damage could reach 11% of the region's gross domestic product. The United Nations (UN) warns that countries in the region are currently losing up to US$2 billion a year due to water scarcity and inefficient use. Therefore, if appropriate measures are not taken now, it is inevitable that the countries in our region will face dire consequences of water shortages.

Under the leadership of the President of Uzbekistan, Shavkat Mirziyoyev, special attention is being paid to the comprehensive development of the water management sector in our republic, the rational use of existing water resources, including the widespread introduction of digital and water-saving irrigation technologies, and remarkable results are being achieved in this regard.

In his speech at the 78th session of the UN General Assembly on September 19, 2023, the leader of Uzbekistan emphasized the issue of water resource shortages in Central Asia, supported the establishment of the position of the UN Secretary General's Special Representative on Water Resources, and proposed creating a platform for water-saving technologies in Central Asia. In the process of using the "United Nations-Water Resources" mechanism, he emphasized his support for attracting and implementing the most advanced technologies.

This means that Uzbekistan will take the initiative in creating a platform for water-saving technologies in Central Asia, while also seeking to involve the international community in the process.

For more than 30 years since its establishment, the International Fund for Saving the Aral has become the most important platform for regional cooperation in the fields of water management and ecology. In the face of new risks and threats arising because of global climate change, the role and importance of the fund are increasing.

On September 15, 2023, President Shavkat Mirziyoyev put forward the initiative to develop and implement new, agreed-upon decisions for the long-term perspective within the framework of this structure at the meeting of the Council of Heads of the Founding States of the International Fund for Saving the Aral held in Dushanbe. Reflecting the spirit of today, he emphasized the need to further improve the fund's legal framework and modernize its institutional mechanisms.

It should be noted that in the country’s domestic policy over the past seven years, at the initiative of the President, large-scale reforms in the water sector have been implemented. To manage state policy in the field of water management, a separate Ministry of Water Resources was created and the Concept for the development of the industry for the period until 2030 was approved.

As a logical continuation of these reforms and to solve systemic problems at the middle and upper levels of the water management system, on May 7, 2024, the President of Uzbekistan signed the decree "On Setting Priorities for the Introduction and Development of a Modern Management System in Water Resources." According to this document, the activity of the Ministry of Water Resources was divided into three parts, setting up a vertical management system. At the upper level is the management of the state water policy, the regulator; the middle level is engaged in the operation and construction of water management facilities and the introduction of business processes into the sector; and the lower-level handles supplying water directly to consumers.

In the middle stage, an agency for the exploitation of water resource facilities is being set up that operates as an independent legal entity. The agency includes the Ministry of Water Resources of the Republic of Karakalpakhstan and regional irrigation systems basin departments, main canals, water reservoirs, and pumping station utilization departments, as well as land-improvement expeditions.

The department for the implementation of water management projects participates as a customer in projects funded by the budget and foreign investments. The decree envisages a 22% increase in the salary of middle- and high-level employees working in the ministry system, starting on July 1, 2024, and a 60% increase starting in 2025. It should be mentioned that starting in January 2024, the salary of lower-level employees has been doubled, and several incentive mechanisms are being used.

As a result of the accurate calculation of available water resources, special attention is paid to the introduction of water-saving technologies, resulting in abundant and high-quality harvests from agricultural crops. Nevertheless, the prevention of water scarcity remains one of the most important directions for Uzbekistan.

Uzbekistan is a country with a large water infrastructure in the Central Asian region; the total irrigated cropland exceeds 4.3 million hectares.

As one of the five priority directions of the "Uzbekistan-2030" strategy, which defines the goals of sustainable development of the country, the task of saving water resources and environmental protection is emphasized, placing great responsibility on water management employees.

To reduce water losses in irrigation networks, the year 2024 was announced as a "breakthrough year for concreting canals" in the water industry at the initiative of the President. For this purpose, 5,000 kilometers of irrigation networks, of which 1,500 kilometers are main and inter-farm and 3,500 kilometers are internal, have been concreted this year. To date, 525 kilometers of canals have been reconstructed, of which 355 kilometers have been concreted. The length of canals concreted by clusters and farms has exceeded 13,500 kilometers.

In recent years, the areas covered by water-saving technologies in the country have reached 1.3 million hectares. Of this, drip irrigation accounts for 478,000 hectares, sprinkler irrigation for 55,000 hectares, and discrete method irrigation for 29,000 hectares. Over 700,000 hectares have been leveled using laser leveling equipment.

Work on the introduction of water-saving technologies, which started in previous years, is being continued consistently. This year alone, it is planned to introduce cost-effective technologies on 500,000 hectares of land and to fully cover all irrigated farming areas in the country with such technologies by 2030.

All possibilities and resources are being used for this. Today, the number of local enterprises producing equipment and components for water-saving technologies in Uzbekistan has reached 55, with plans to increase this number in the future.

In recent years, 11,446 "Smart Water" devices, online water level monitoring meters in 1,704 pumping units, and online monitoring of seepage water levels have been installed in 6,746 reclamation monitoring wells. To manage water resources from one point without human intervention, the management processes of 65 large water management facilities were automated.

It is planned to save 8 billion cubic meters of water in 2024 through the concreting of channels, the introduction of water-saving technologies, the digitization of the industry, the implementation of "smart" devices, and effective water management.

It should be noted that 60 percent of the irrigated cropland in the country is supplied with water through pumps. There are more than 1,600 pumping stations in the Ministry's system, and due to their modernization, installation of modern energy-saving devices, and the introduction of public-private partnerships, electricity consumption has been reduced by 1.5 billion kWh in the last seven years.

In the coming years, the total cost of the water industry will be $6.0 trillion. Agreements for 463 public-private partnership projects worth significant amounts in soums were signed. In 2023, all water management facilities in five districts and 300 pumping stations across the republic will be transferred to the private sector.

This transfer increases work efficiency, saves up to 30% on electricity at pumping stations, and reduces salary deductions by 13%.

The "Irrigators' School" was launched in cooperation with the Ministry of Water Resources, the "Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers," the National Research University, and "Agrobank." Highly qualified specialists from abroad are organizing one-week-long free training courses for designers, contractors, managers of farms, and cluster enterprises from all districts of the republic.

In short, life itself proves that the only solution to mitigate the water shortage in our region is to save water and use it wisely.

Press service of the Ministry of Water Resources
of the Republic of Uzbekistan

In today's New Uzbekistan, a lot of attention is paid to the development of reading culture and book publishing. As the head of our state says, “There will be no break in education,” in every meeting with representatives of the intellectuals, culture, literature and art, in every historical speech that sounded like an appeal to our people, he paid             special attention to the issue of studying and gaining knowledge about the fundamentals world civilization, the achievements of modern world science. He never gets tired of emphasizing the words "knowledge, knowledge, knowledge" over and over again.

President Shavkat Mirziyoyev: "Each country in the world, each nation is powerful primarily with its intellectual potential and high spirituality. It is not for nothing that he said that the source of such mighty power is the great discovery of human thinking - books and readers.

Decree of the President of Uzbekistan dated January 12, 2017 "On the establishment of a commission on the development of the system of printing and distribution of book products, the promotion of book reading and reading culture", The decision of September 13, 2017 "On the program of comprehensive measures to develop the system of publication and distribution of book products, increase and promote book reading and reading culture" together with the decision “On additional measures for the further development of the publishing and printing industry”, It is well known that great work has been done on the decisions "On further improvement of information-library services to the residents of the Republic of Uzbekistan".

On December 14, 2020, the decision of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On approval of the national program for the development and support of reading culture in 2020-2025" was adopted.

The processes of implementation of this National Program are showing positive results.

The fourth initiative put forward by our President - to raise the spirituality of young people, to widely promote reading among them - serious practical work is being carried out in our country. Young people, especially teenagers and children, are widely participating in reading contests. 

Members of the Writers' Union of Uzbekistan actively participate in events dedicated to book reading and development of reading.The Children's and Adolescent Creative Council operates under the association, master classes are regularly held by well-known poets and writers in all schools, higher and secondary educational institutions of our country.

By the Administration of the Republic of Uzbekistan in April-May of this year in order to attract students and pupils of all higher educational institutions and general education schools in our country to reading books, to raise the level of artistic literacy and educate them in the spirit of patriotism and concern for the future of our country as part of the “Sharing Enlightenment” project, 156 famous artists held meetings with writers and educational events in 202 higher educational institutions and 606 secondary schools, under their auspices. At these events, 150 works of art were recommended for reading, films and performances were shown.

During 2020-2023, the Writers' Union of Uzbekistan published 403 books in the fields of prose, poetry, playwriting, children's literature, literary studies, and artistic translation. Over the past years, our poets, writers and translators prepared 100-volume "Masterpieces of Russian Literature" and 100-volume "Masterpieces of Turkish Literature" for publication. This great project was supported by the Head of State, published and distributed to the regions.

At this point, it should be noted that the 16-volume set of books entitled "Masterpieces of Karakalpak Literature" was prepared for publication and submitted to the press by the Writers' Union of Uzbekistan.

Within the framework of the "Book campaign" project, in the first quarter of 2023, 4,679 books were sent to higher education institutions, general education schools, 14,800 books to the provinces, 50 books to the penal colony, 950 to the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Spirituality, Information and Library Centers, 500 to the State Security Service, 7,267 to event participants, book authors, 461 to newspapers and creative houses, 300 to Uzbekistan-Kyrgyz Friendship Society, 350 to neighborhoods, 134 to the Office of Muslims, More than 30 thousand 791 books were distributed indiscriminately to Uzbekistan "Veteran" Association of combatants-veterans and disabled people, 500 books to Halq Bank, and 600 books to children's camp. To date, more than 1 million books have been distributed in four years.

At the moment, the 100-volume set of books "Masterpieces of World Children's Literature" is being prepared for publication by the Writers' Union of Uzbekistan.

In 2020-2023, the first books of 87 young authors were published in tens of thousands of copies each in the "My first book" project by the Writers' Union of Uzbekistan, and presentation events were held. The books were freely distributed to higher education institutions, general education schools, and military units.

All these are aimed primarily at the development of reading among young people, children and adolescents. Publication of books and promotion of book reading will be continued consistently.

The 21st century is increasingly being referred to as the era of cities. Today, urbanization extends far beyond the domestic policies of states. The quality of the urban environment directly influences countries’ investment attractiveness, economic resilience, and ability to adapt to climate challenges. Cities are increasingly becoming platforms for international cooperation, technology exchange, and the promotion of new models of sustainable development. In this era, cities are turning into a new diplomacy, a new economy, and a new form of global influence.

It is under these conditions that the 13th Session of the World Urban Forum is taking place in Baku under the theme “Housing for All: Safe and Resilient Cities and Communities.” This representative summit is dedicated to finding solutions to the global housing crisis, which today affects nearly 3 billion people.

It is symbolic that the global discussion on the future of cities is being held in one of the most dynamically transforming cities of Eurasia. Hosting the forum in Azerbaijan reflects the growing importance of the Caspian–Central Asian region as a new center of infrastructural, logistical, and urban development.

Over recent years, this vast region has gradually transformed not only into a major transport hub connecting East and West, but also into a space of large-scale urban transformation.

Baku itself has in recent years become a notable example of modernization in urban infrastructure, transportation systems, and public spaces. Additional significance is attached to Azerbaijan’s policy of restoring and modernizing liberated territories, where particular attention is paid to the concepts of “smart” and “green” cities.

Most cities and countries across Eurasia are changing rapidly. Central Asia is experiencing one of the most significant spatial transformations of recent decades. Population growth, the expansion of urban agglomerations, and increasing pressure on infrastructure require fundamentally new approaches to urban development.

All these processes are unfolding amid intensifying climate challenges. The consequences of the Aral Sea desiccation, water scarcity, and rising temperatures make urban resilience not only an environmental issue, but also a matter of the region’s long-term security.

According to the International Energy Agency, modern buildings consume around 30% of global energy and account for approximately 26% of global emissions. As a result, by the middle of the century more than 1.6 billion urban residents may face water shortages and climate-related risks. Close international cooperation in the sphere of sustainable urban development is becoming an inevitable paradigm.

It is therefore no coincidence that the urban agenda plays a prominent role in Uzbekistan’s development. In recent years, the development of urban environments, infrastructure, and housing construction has become one of the key priorities of the New Uzbekistan strategy. In the country, the construction process is viewed as the foundation for long-term economic growth, sustainability, and quality of life.

The participation of the President of Uzbekistan in the World Urban Forum reflects the country’s aspiration to integrate more actively into global urban policy. Of particular importance is the republic’s participation in the international exhibition Urban Expo, where the “New Tashkent” project, the “Yangi O‘zbekiston” residential complexes, and large-scale reforms in urban planning and housing policy are being presented.

Urbanization has become one of the key pillars of the New Uzbekistan strategy. According to forecasts, the country’s population may increase from 38 million to 50 million people over the next 15 years. Under these conditions, the development of cities, housing, and infrastructure becomes a matter of the state’s strategic future.

In recent years, Uzbekistan has been implementing the largest infrastructure and housing modernization program in the region. According to the Address of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev to the Oliy Majlis and the people of Uzbekistan, over the past nine years the country has constructed 210 million square meters of residential and non-residential facilities. In 2025 alone, multi-apartment residential buildings with a total area of 8.1 million square meters were commissioned, amounting to approximately 135,000 apartments.

Particular attention is being paid to the development of regions and small cities. Uzbekistan is pursuing a more balanced model of urbanization that предусматривает the development not only of the capital, but also of regional centers. An important element of the new urban policy is the environmental agenda. The country is introducing principles of “green” construction, expanding urban greening initiatives, and implementing the nationwide “Clean Air” project aimed at improving air quality.

The main symbol of the new era of urbanization is becoming the “New Tashkent” project — a modern next-generation megapolis with sustainable infrastructure, green areas, digital services, and a modern transport system. At the first stage, the project envisions infrastructure for 600,000 residents, while after full completion the population of New Tashkent may reach 2 million people.

“New Tashkent” demonstrates the country’s development priorities and redefines the very philosophy of the urban environment in Central Asia. The reforms initiated by the Leader of Uzbekistan have already transformed the country’s cities into a factor enhancing the nation’s international competitiveness.

At the forum, the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev presented his own comprehensive vision of what the cities of the future should become under conditions of rapid urbanization, climate challenges, and technological change. Traditionally, the Head of State addressed not only the national agenda, but also pressing issues concerning the global future of the modern urban environment.

One of the key initiatives is the idea of “balanced urbanization,” which implies the harmonious development not only of megacities, but also of small and medium-sized cities. At a time when the world’s largest cities are facing infrastructure overload, housing shortages, and deteriorating environmental conditions, this approach is becoming increasingly relevant.

In essence, this concerns the formation of a fairer and more sustainable model of urban development, where opportunities for comfortable living are created not only in capitals, but also in the regions.

Special attention has also been paid to the digital transformation of the urban environment. In particular, the initiative to establish a network of “smart and safe cities” for the exchange of technologies, advanced solutions, and experience in the fields of artificial intelligence, digital governance, and urban security appears highly relevant.

Against the backdrop of rapid technological advancement, such an initiative appears especially timely and reflects the country’s aspiration to participate more actively in shaping the new global technological agenda.

A separate topic of discussion was the climate resilience of cities. In the context of the intensifying climate crisis, there is a growing demand for promoting the principles of “green” urbanization and expanding environmental standards.

All these proposals are particularly relevant for Central Asia, where issues of water, ecology, and urban sustainability are already becoming matters of the region’s long-term security.

Importantly, today Uzbekistan is not limiting itself merely to discussing global challenges, but is striving to offer its own solutions. The large-scale reforms being implemented in the country, the construction of “New Tashkent,” and the promotion of modern approaches to urban development are gradually shaping a new image of Uzbekistan — a state ready not only to adapt to global changes, but also to participate in shaping the cities of the future.

This is precisely why it is becoming increasingly evident that, in the future, Uzbekistan is ready to become one of the international platforms for seeking constructive solutions on issues of global urbanization, sustainable development, and the formation of a new urban architecture for the 21st century.

In conclusion, it should be noted that the modern world is increasingly entering an era of global competition among cities, infrastructures, and quality of life. It is cities that in the coming decades will determine economic resilience, investment attractiveness, and the technological level of states. Against this backdrop, Central Asia is gradually turning into one of the new spaces of large-scale urban transformation in Eurasia.

By implementing the strategy of New Uzbekistan, our country is already shaping its own model of a modern, sustainable, and people-oriented city of the future. Large-scale reforms, infrastructure development, the promotion of the “green” agenda, and the “New Tashkent” project demonstrate the aspiration not only to adapt to global changes, but also to become one of the centers shaping the new urban architecture of the region.

Author: Guli Nizamova, Leading Research Fellow at the Center for Foreign Policy Studies and International Initiatives

In recent years, wide-ranging reforms have been implemented in our country aimed at creating equal rights and opportunities for women and men, ensuring the full participation of women in social and public life, supporting them socially, economically, and legally, as well as protecting them from harassment and violence.

Thanks to the high political will and initiatives of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Shavkat Mirziyoyev, the issues of ensuring gender equality, protecting the interests of women, and ensuring the strength of families have been designated as priorities of state policy. The programs and strategies adopted in this regard are recognized not only at the national but also at the international level.

The participation of women in the socio-political, economic, and spiritual life of our country is increasing day by day. Today, they actively participate in state administration bodies, parliament, local councils, entrepreneurship, and scientific fields. Systematic measures are being implemented to create new jobs for women, develop their knowledge and potential, and widely involve them in entrepreneurial activities.

Within a short period, a national legislative base corresponding to international standards in this field was created. In particular, more than 100 normative-legal acts have been adopted over the past eight years. Among them, such important regulatory documents as the Law "On Guarantees of Equal Rights and Opportunities for Women and Men" and the Law "On Protection of Women from Harassment and Violence" are of particular importance.

Today, Uzbekistan consistently continues to cooperate with international organizations such as the UN, OSCE, and UNESCO in implementing its gender policy. This cooperation is creating new opportunities for protecting the interests of women and allowing them to fully manifest their potential in our country.

In order to properly establish the gender equality policy and ensure its full implementation, the “Strategy for Achieving Gender Equality until 2030” was adopted. Work on its introduction to all spheres and sectors is being carried out rapidly.

The “Uzbekistan – 2030 Strategy” defines important goals and tasks for strengthening the system of supporting women, ensuring their rights and legal interests, increasing their social, economic, and political activity, and ensuring gender equality.

First, to continue the policy of ensuring gender equality and increasing the share of women in leadership positions by boosting their socio-political activity;

Second, to create an environment of intolerance toward harassment and violence against women in society, and to ensure the rights and legal interests of women;

Third, to establish a transparent mechanism for targeted work with the “Women's Notebook” (“Ayollar daftari”) and establish public control over these efforts.

Concepts such as gender analysis of regulatory legal acts, adopting a gender-responsive national budget, and gender auditing are being introduced into legislation and put into practice.

The Commission on Increasing the Role of Women in Society, Gender Equality, and Family Issues has been established. It coordinates efforts to create equal opportunities in all aspects of rights and freedoms, protect the interests of women in achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals, and develop and implement relevant measures to eliminate existing problems. Furthermore, regional commissions on increasing the role of women in society, gender equality, and family issues are operating under local Councils of People's Deputies.

To effectively implement state policy on ensuring the rights and interests of women and comprehensively strengthening the family institution, a vertical system has been created that reaches down to the lowest level – the neighborhood (“mahalla”) and household.

In order to elevate state policy regarding families and women in the Republic to a new level, find systematic solutions to their problems, and effectively organize and coordinate the activities of authorized bodies, the “Committee for Family and Women” was established along with its divisions in the Republic of Karakalpakstan, regions, Tashkent city, and districts (cities). The Committee has been effectively implementing tasks such as continuing the policy of ensuring gender equality, increasing the socio-political activity of women, and carrying out reforms to support them.

The "Family and Gender" Research Institute under the Committee has created the `uzgender.uz` electronic platform for studying and monitoring gender issues in Uzbekistan. It contains data such as gender indices, an electronic corpus, interactive services, a gender analytical newsletter, and a gender library. In addition, online platforms such as `gender.stat.uz` by the National Statistics Committee and `gendermadad.uz` by the NGO "Madad" under the Ministry of Justice have been launched to provide our people with consultations and information on relevant topics.

To ensure the implementation of tasks set out in the Law "On Guarantees of Equal Rights and Opportunities for Women and Men," advisory councils on ensuring gender equality have been established under state bodies, economic management structures, the private sector, and civil society institutions.

Today, the number of these Gender Advisory Councils has reached 4,000 nationwide. These councils serve as an important platform for ensuring equal rights and opportunities for men and women, maintaining gender balance in workplaces and all spheres of social life, protecting the interests of women, and effectively implementing decisions related to gender policy.

Attention is paid to increasing women's activity in political life: the Electoral Code legally stipulates that at least 40% of candidates nominated for deputy positions by political parties (or 2 out of every 5 candidates) must be women. A norm was also introduced in the Family Code establishing the marriage age for both men and women as 18 years. The list of occupations with unfavorable working conditions where the use of women's labor was fully or partially prohibited has been abolished.

In the political arena of our country, women are emerging not just as participants, but as leaders. Currently, they make up:

35% of leadership positions;

45% of entrepreneurship;

49% of political parties;

53% of higher education.

Many leading women are working in several key positions in our country – including the Chairperson of the Senate, Head of the Presidential Administration, Deputy Prime Minister, Ombudspersons, ministers, and heads of agencies and committees. This is a high evaluation of the intellectual potential, spiritual maturity, and management skills of modern Uzbek women. While the share of women in ministerial and equivalent positions was only 2.9% in 2018, by 2025 this figure reached 7.7%.

It should be noted that preparing women for leadership positions at various levels is a complex and systematic process that requires thorough preparation. To this end, 244 women have been trained so far under the newly created “School of Women Leaders” curriculum, and about 60 of them have been appointed to various leadership positions.

In particular, 15 women who received the highest Key Performance Indicators (KPI) at the “School of Preparation for Khokim (Governor/Mayor) Positions” were selected and involved in special training programs, indicating a future increase in the number of women among regional, district, and city-level leaders.

Based on Decree No. PF-95 of the President of our State dated June 19, 2025, strategic directions were set to elevate the civil service to a completely new level of quality. Within the framework of these reforms, the issue of increasing the role and activity of women in state governance is designated as a special priority. Specific target indicators have been set for the active recruitment of women into public service for the period up to 2030. In particular, the goal is to increase the share of women in the civil service as well as in the “National Personnel Reserve” to 40%.

By relevant decision of the Government, it has been established that, as a rule, at least 30% of the total number of candidates recommended for admission to the master's program of the Academy of State Policy and Governance under the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan must be women. In addition, comprehensive measures are being taken to improve the system of preparing women for high-level positions and to develop their leadership potential. Through this, women will have the opportunity to actively participate not only in the state administration system but also at the level of strategic decision-making.

Education reforms implemented in recent years are also playing an important role in increasing the social activity of women. In the process of reforms carried out to radically reform all stages of continuous education, introduce the latest advanced technologies into the educational process, and raise the professional level of teachers, special attention is paid to the education of women. As a result, in recent years, the interest of women in applied and exact sciences has been growing.

Starting from 2020, a system was introduced to admit women from needy families to higher education institutions on the basis of state grants (1,000 quotas). In 2021, these grant places were doubled, reaching 2,000. In the current year, these quotas were doubled again, reaching 4,000. As a result, over the past 5 years, nearly 13,000 women were admitted to higher education institutions on the basis of state grants under this privilege.

The number of quotas for women who have 5 years of work experience but do not have higher education was increased 5-fold, reaching 2,500. Under this privilege, more than 2,000 women entered higher education institutions between 2022 and 2025.

Since 2022, contract fees for all women studying in master's programs at State Higher Education Institutions have been covered by the state budget. In this regard, funds amounting to 333.8 billion soums were covered by the state budget between 2022 and 2025.

A system of interest-free educational loans for up to 7 years has been established for female students studying in higher education institutions, technical schools, and colleges. In this regard, educational loans worth 4.6 trillion soums were allocated to nearly 415,000 female students in 2022-2025.

As a result of these opportunities and privileges, the share of women among students in higher education reached 53.2%, and in master's programs 65.8%. The interest of girls in modern knowledge and professions is growing. For example, girls make up 51% of the youth trained under the "One Million Coders" project.

Expanding the economic opportunities of women, ensuring their employment, involving them in entrepreneurship, and developing their businesses play an important role in increasing their social activity. Based on the decrees of our head of state, it is planned to ensure the employment of 2 million women and to train 250,000 women in professions and entrepreneurship this year alone.

Also, within the framework of the “HAMROH” program for supporting businesswomen, the following goals are set:

Allocating grants up to 50 million soums to 1,000 “mentor” female entrepreneurs who supported women in implementing "green projects" and IT projects, as well as helping at least 5 women start their businesses;

Allocating collateral-free loans up to 100 million soums to women with a positive credit history;

Forming entrepreneurship skills in women who want to start their own businesses through the launch of the "Partner Entrepreneur" (“Hamkor tadbirkor”) program, helping women start businesses on a cooperative basis, and assisting women in placing and selling their products on local and international electronic platforms.

Also, targeted work is being carried out with female entrepreneurs through a 4-stage system: “First Step to Business”, “Starting a Business”, “Expanding a Business”, and “Elevating a Business” to form a wide layer of “champion entrepreneurs” in cooperation with partner organizations.

As a result, in 9 months of this year, assistance was provided to secure lucrative employment for 2 million 48 thousand women across the Republic:

527.6 thousand women were employed in vacant positions in enterprises and organizations.

296.8 thousand women were trained in vocations and entrepreneurship. In particular, 160.8 thousand women were trained in vocations, 136 thousand women in entrepreneurship, and 63.9 thousand were attached to artisans.

99 thousand women were involved in training by Women's Entrepreneurship Centers.

Commercial banks allocated credit funds amounting to 15.7 trillion soums to 203 thousand women to support entrepreneurship projects. Of this, 1.7 trillion soums of credit funds were allocated to 105 thousand women within the framework of family entrepreneurship development programs. The Central Bank approved the Strategy for Providing Financial Services in the Field of Supporting Women's Entrepreneurship.

In order to systematically organize employment and health-strengthening efforts for women by training them in professional and entrepreneurial skills at the lowest level – the neighborhoods (“mahallas”), the activities of centers for ensuring employment and strengthening the health of women were launched in 2,876 mahallas.

In order to provide comprehensive legal, psychological, and mediation services to families and women, and to train couples getting married in family life lessons, “Family and Women Centers” were established in 197 districts and cities based on new approaches.

The public council “Women's Enlightenment” (“Ayol ma'rifati”) was established, uniting women in the scientific and creative fields to elevate family education and effectively utilize the scientific developments of family scholars that contribute to the development of the family institution. This council implemented about 10 projects, such as "History of Jadid Women," "Woman - Symbol of Progress," "Women towards Ecological Activity," and "Woman - Support of Society."

The "Responsible Parenting" project, aimed at forming prosperous and stable families based on national values among young families, was introduced. As a result of selection events for nominating families for the "Exemplary Family of New Uzbekistan" contest and awarding them with the "Exemplary Family" badge, their number exceeded 160 thousand. 2,000 families were awarded the "Exemplary Family" badge, which is a 9.6-fold increase compared to last year. Today, they actively assist in preventing family conflicts.

In order to sanitize the socio-spiritual environment in families and prevent women from falling under the influence of various negative and foreign ideas, propaganda groups consisting of more than 145 thousand active women were re-formed.

To award active women, the “Mo'tabar Ayol” (Venerable Woman) badge was established, and 2,090 women have been awarded to date. 480 talented girls were awarded the Zulfiya State Prize, established to increase the socio-political activity of young women and create conditions for them to realize their abilities and potential in various fields, as well as to encourage them.

In order to support persons with disabilities, disabled individuals, lonely elderly citizens, and other socially vulnerable categories of the population, and to organize social assistance in a fair, targeted, and transparent manner, completely new and unique mechanisms such as the “Iron Notebook” (“Temir daftar”), “Women's Notebook” (“Ayollar daftari”), and “Youth Notebook” (“Yoshlar daftari”) were created. Through the system of working with the "Women's Notebook" alone, practical assistance was provided to 4.5 million needy, low-income women in 2021-2025.

In order to expand opportunities for increasing women's socio-political activity, special attention was paid to strengthening the preschool education system in the country. While the coverage of children with preschool education was 38% in 2018, as a result of reforms, it was increased to 78%.

In all legal entities except budget organizations, a procedure has been established for granting and paying pregnancy and childbirth allowances from the State Budget funds based on the minimum consumer expenditure for each month to women who have continuous work experience of at least the last 6 months. Under this, it is stipulated that an allowance in the amount of 4 times the minimum consumer expenditure is paid before the birth of the employee's child. For this purpose, more than 56.6 billion soums of pregnancy and childbirth allowances were paid to women working in the private sector from the Social Insurance Fund.

Subsidies are being paid from the State Budget to cover the wages of educators in preschool education organizations established under organizations where women work evening shifts.

A mechanism for taking women victims of harassment and violence under state protection and issuing protection orders has been created. In order to prevent gender-based violence, separate articles on domestic (household) violence, harassment, and disclosing information that humiliates a person's honor and dignity or reflects confidential aspects of human life were included in the legislation.

Centers for Rehabilitation and Adaptation of Women operate to provide socio-legal and psychological assistance to women who have suffered from harassment and violence or fell into difficult social situations, and to provide them with targeted support.

The Committee for Family and Women and its territorial divisions:

Are exempted from paying state fees for lawsuits filed in courts to protect the rights and legal interests of women;

Can submit mandatory representations to heads of state bodies and organizations to eliminate violations of legislative acts, as well as the causes and conditions giving rise to them, in the field of ensuring the rights and legal interests of women and strengthening families;

Benefit from a newly created system to release women from punishment ahead of schedule on bail (surety).