To mark Defenders of the Homeland Day and the 34th anniversary of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Uzbekistan, a number of significant state events were held. Key events included an expanded meeting of the Security Council chaired by President Shavkat Mirziyoyev, a tour of the defense industry's production facilities, and the head of state's address to military personnel and compatriots.

In this regard, a correspondent of Dunyo IA approached Akramjon Nematov, First Deputy Director of the Institute for Strategic and Regional Studies under the President of Uzbekistan, with a request to comment on the key outcomes of these events and the tasks outlined by the country’s leader:

- It's no exaggeration to say that today, the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of Uzbekistan laid the foundation for a new stage in the modernization of the national army—its high-tech transformation. I would even say that Shavkat Miromonovich's congratulations this year were not simply a tribute to tradition, but a kind of manifesto for the "New Look Army," where intelligence and technology must finally supplant outdated approaches to warfare. In the President's vision, security is not an isolated military task, but a multidimensional foundation for the sustainable development of the state in the digital age.

By analyzing the key messages of the head of state, one can trace a clear and consistent logic for the transformation of all elements of the public administration system.

The key innovation of the current stage of reforms lies in the recognition of the profound transformation of the very nature of modern warfare, in which technological superiority, rather than personnel numbers, is decisive. This is why the President of Uzbekistan has set the task of a large-scale doctrinal update: the development of a new version of the Defense Doctrine and the National Security Concept has been initiated. This is dictated by the need to adapt strategic documents to the conditions of hybrid threats while simultaneously maintaining Uzbekistan's non-aligned status and reliance on multilateral diplomacy. This sends a clear signal to the country about the predictability and sovereignty of the republic's course.

The central element of the updated strategy is the transition to a “proactive mode of operation,” in which the security system must not only respond to emerging threats, but also be capable of predicting risks in advance and neutralizing them at an early stage.

This intellectualization of security naturally requires a review of the Armed Forces' technical makeup. In this regard, the head of state initiated a thorough re-equipment of the army, prioritizing the implementation of artificial intelligence, robotic systems, and modern cybersecurity systems. It was emphasized that in modern conflicts, victory is achieved not by the number of bayonets, but by technological superiority and the speed of information processing. In this context, the digital transformation of the army becomes an undisputed priority. In other words, in modern warfare, intelligence is more important than mass, and victory is determined by the quality of technology and management.

At the same time, high technology demands a fundamentally new level of competence. Therefore, a true personnel transformation has been initiated: the army is being positioned not as a closed institution, but as a modern educational and technological platform. It is becoming a school of life and professional growth, as well as a driver of economic development. Every year, 5,000 conscripts will undergo training under the "One Million Programmers" and "Five Million AI Leaders" programs. This strategic move allows us to simultaneously address two objectives: increasing the army's cyber resilience and creating a pool of in-demand specialists for the country's economy.

Furthermore, the program provides for training soldiers in civilian professions, with the issuance of state-issued certificates upon completion of their service. For military personnel opening a business after demobilization, the state will reimburse 6% of the loan interest rate. Educational incentives are also being introduced: the opportunity to take university entrance exams directly at military units, interest-free student loans for those entering universities after service, and reimbursement of the costs of obtaining international language certificates. This approach reflects the current trend of developing "smart forces," in which the country's defenders are also qualified specialists in demand in the civilian sector.

In this way, the army is organically integrated into the civil society system, providing young people with real tools for personal and professional success.

For this model to function effectively, a solid social foundation is essential. Therefore, an unprecedented strengthening of social protection for military personnel has become a logical continuation of the reforms. The decisions to double officers' length-of-service bonuses and pay veterans pensions equal to 100% of their pay are, in my view, a strategic investment in the prestige of military service. Additionally, a 10% increase in pay for privates and contract sergeants is envisaged, as well as a 20% increase in the salaries of civilian defense personnel this year and a further 50% increase next year.

The President clearly demonstrates that the state takes full responsibility for the well-being of those who defend the Motherland, thereby raising the prestige of military service and strengthening the principle of unity between the people and the army.

The final element of this comprehensive strategy is achieving profound technological self-sufficiency. The modernization of the national defense-industrial complex, the creation of domestic military technology parks, and the development of unmanned systems production are aimed at minimizing external dependence. A visit to the Chirchik Aircraft Plant and defense technology parks clearly demonstrates that Uzbekistan is focusing on localization, a service economy, and the development of its own industrial base. The creation of a regional hub for Airbus equipment maintenance is not only a matter of prestige but also a practical step toward technological independence and integration into global production chains.

All this strengthens state sovereignty, enabling the effective protection of national interests by relying on its own innovative potential and competencies. At the same time, the military is becoming a driver of innovative development: technologies developed for defense purposes inevitably find application in civilian sectors.

In conclusion, it should be emphasized that the announced initiatives mark a definitive departure from outdated models. Essentially, we are witnessing the emergence of a new model of statehood, one in which high-tech sovereignty, intellectual capital, and social justice are integrated into a single strategy.

A highly mobile, technologically advanced army is being created, capable of effectively countering hybrid threats in the changing nature of warfare. The army serves not only as a shield for the state but also as a driver of education, the economy, and social mobility—a modern, pragmatic, and deeply national approach to development and security in the new global reality.

Dunyo IA

The current and future development of Uzbekistan's economy is directly determined by the freedom of the private sector, equal and favorable opportunities created for businesses, and robust legal protections. The Open Dialogue between the Head of State and entrepreneurs, which has become a solid tradition in our country, is not merely another routine event. Instead, it serves as the primary mechanism of a direct, pragmatic, and highly effective strategic alliance between business and government. This direct platform enhances the country's investment attractiveness while playing a crucial role in supporting national businesses and unlocking new opportunities.

Practical Results and Benefits

Direct, face-to-face interaction with the President has emerged as the most powerful driver for fundamentally improving the country's business climate. The systemic decisions made and incentives granted within this platform have delivered tangible, practical benefits to business entities rather than remaining on paper. Below are select outcomes demonstrating the impact of these strategic initiatives:

Transformation of the Financial and Credit System

The government optimized the direct financing procedures for large state-owned enterprises, shifting the focus toward directing banking resources to private sector projects. The Business Development Bank, microfinance institutions and banks, factoring services, venture capital funds, and industrial support funds were established. A state guarantee system for entrepreneurs' bank deposits was also introduced.

Land, Property, and Infrastructure Reform

Land parcels and real estate were transformed into full-fledged economic assets. Taxes on land acquired through auctions were adjusted, payment installment periods were extended, and incorporating land into charter capital was permitted. Changing the intended use of land was simplified via a unified classifier. Energy limits were regulated, and private capital was attracted to the development of mineral deposits and subsoil resources.

Foreign Trade, Logistics, and Exports

The economy pivoted toward WTO accession and integration into global supply chains. Monopoly and exclusive rights in foundational sectors such as metallurgy, chemicals, and energy were abolished. Subsidies for pre-export financing, logistics, and international certification were expanded. The "E-logistika" platform was launched to ensure transparent distribution of transport permits, and the VAT refund mechanism for export operations was simplified.

IT, Services, and Innovation

The state implemented joint-equity co-financing models and patent fee reimbursement mechanisms to boost IT sector development, artificial intelligence, and startups. A VAT cashback mechanism and corporate income tax reductions were introduced for the catering, tourism, and hospitality sectors. Certification and consulting services in construction and tourism were transitioned to the private sector.

Liberalization of Tax and Oversight Systems

Tax administration was enhanced: the VAT "tax-gap" coefficient was abolished, and a transparent rating system for compliant businesses was introduced. A moratorium was declared on the application of new penalties. Commercial banks were prohibited from forcing collateral into unauthorized liquidation and unlawfully suspending business activities.

Legal Protection and Local Manufacturing

The authority of state bodies to confiscate property without a court order or cancel land allocation decisions was restricted. The statute of limitations for tax disputes was reduced to three years. To support domestic manufacturers, a "local content" requirement in public procurement and a system of long-term guaranteed orders were established.

Representatives of the business community feel the real impact of the platform in their daily operations.

Shavkat Kholboev, head of the "AslCab" enterprise, states: "Based on proposals submitted during last year's Open Dialogue, an automated electronic VAT refund system for exports was launched. Consequently, our enterprise recovered approximately 10 to 12 billion UZS in working capital within a short period, channeling these funds into purchasing raw materials and expanding our export footprint."

Firat Deniz, a foreign investor and owner of a major textile enterprise, emphasizes: "The Open Dialogue with the President is one of the most effective platforms globally for directly hearing and protecting investor interests. My proposal to create additional opportunities for enterprises exporting over $50 million annually was immediately supported and implemented."

Preparations for the 6th Open Dialogue: Numbers and Analysis

In preparation for the upcoming 6th Open Dialogue, a Republican Headquarters comprising representatives from over 50 ministries and agencies was established on May 15, operating around the clock (24/7). Nearly 6,000 inquiries have been received via call centers and official bots. As part of the processing efforts, over 4,200 inquiries were resolved positively, while approximately 1,800 remain under review.

By topic, the inquiries include: over 940 regarding strengthening legal protections for entrepreneurs, over 910 on banking issues, over 750 on production space allocation, nearly 680 on simplifying business regulations, over 660 on infrastructure provision, nearly 530 on tax system improvements, and over 480 on financial support for business. Regionally, the highest volume of inquiries originated from Kashkadarya region, Tashkent city, Samarkand region, and Fergana region.

Additionally, responsible organizations conducted over 750 meetings attended by more than 8,800 entrepreneurs, raising over 3,500 proposals and issues. Furthermore, over 130 meetings organized by the Business Ombudsman and the Chamber of Commerce and Industry brought together more than 5,700 entrepreneurs who raised nearly 1,500 issues. Expert groups are analyzing 300 systemic problems identified during these sessions, the majority of which cover: simplifying business regulation (nearly 70), improving the tax system (60), and foreign economic activity and investment (over 50). Proposals are being developed in collaboration with relevant ministries and agencies to address these issues fundamentally and improve current legislation.

Abdumannop Buriev, Business Ombudsman under the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan for the Protection of Rights and Lawful Interests of Entrepreneurs, highlighted priority areas in the sector: "We focus primary attention on building a preventive system that averts issues before they arise and protects entrepreneurs' rights early on. Through extensive digitization and the integration of electronic resources into a unified network, potential risks are eliminated in advance. The live dialogues held ahead of the main event create a solid foundation for modern tools that protect business from both legal and digital standpoints."

Davron Vakhabov, Chairman of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Uzbekistan, emphasized the positive momentum: "Today, the private sector has become the primary driving force of our national economy. Regular open dialogues and the systemic decisions arising from them offer invaluable opportunities for entrepreneurs to expand their operational scale, increase export capacity, and strengthen competitiveness in international markets."

Preparations for the President's upcoming Open Dialogue are entering their final stage. Every submitted proposal and inquiry serves to further improve the business environment in our country. We invite all entrepreneurs and investors to actively participate in shaping the agenda for the upcoming high-level dialogue. Inquiries and proposals are accepted 24/7 via phone numbers 1100 and 1094, web platforms business.gov.uz and my.chamber.uz/ochiq_muloqot/oz, as well as Telegram communication channels @biznesombudsmanrasmiy_bot and @ochiqmuloqot2026_bot.

URGENCH, September 28. /IA “Dunyo”/. A delegation of Latvian businessmen visited Khorezm with the support of the Embassy of Uzbekistan in Riga, Dunyot news agency's correspondent reports.

During the visit, a business forum and meetings were held with participation of representatives of business circles of the two countries.

The parties exchanged views on economic and investment potential of Khorezm region, opportunities for realization of joint projects in agriculture, personnel training, services, logistics and energy.

The Latvian side also familiarized with the activities of “Opportunity Generosity” LLC, a pharmaceutical manufacturer located in Urgench, and other companies.

As a result of the visit, representatives of Latvian companies expressed interest in the implementation of specific projects in the field of education, in connection with which the relevant documents were signed.

Relations between Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan have in recent years become one of the key pillars of regional cooperation in Central Asia. They are underpinned by a shared border, historical ties, sustained dialogue between the two countries’ leaders, and growing interdependence in trade, transport, energy, industry, agriculture, and the development of border regions. Consequently, the bilateral agenda is increasingly moving beyond traditional good-neighbourly relations and evolving into a comprehensive economic partnership.

Regular high-level contacts provide the strategic framework, while the Joint Commission on Bilateral Cooperation remains the principal mechanism for intergovernmental coordination. In May 2026, the Deputy Prime Ministers of the two countries met on the sidelines of the KazanForum. In June, the relevant ministers discussed current issues of trade, investment, and economic cooperation, while the 12th meeting of the Intergovernmental Commission was held in Cholpon-Ata on 22–23 June.

Direct interregional ties remain an important element of this architecture. The Council of Hokims of Uzbekistan’s border regions and Plenipotentiary Representatives of the President of Kyrgyzstan, established in 2017, was renewed in 2025 through the establishment of the Council of Heads of Regions of the two countries. As a continuation of this initiative, Uzbekistan plans to host the first Forum of Regions. This format has practical significance for trade, logistics, border checkpoints, markets, and local entrepreneurship.

Business contacts are also becoming increasingly intensive. In July 2024, Tashkent hosted a business forum attended by 350 entrepreneurs, which resulted in the signing of 20 documents worth USD 213 million. Preparations for the next forum in Bishkek confirm the continuity of this track and its focus not only on trade transactions but also on projects involving industrial cooperation.

Trade dynamics reflect growing economic interest. By the end of 2025, bilateral trade had reached nearly USD 1.2 billion, an increase of 36.4%. The positive trend continued in January–May 2026, with trade turnover reaching USD 468.8 million, up 43.9%. Uzbekistan’s exports increased by 60.8%, while imports from Kyrgyzstan rose by 12.1%. The structure of trade also demonstrates a broad sectoral base, ranging from textiles, food products, construction materials, and equipment in Uzbekistan’s exports to ores, electricity, metals, and plastics in imports from Kyrgyzstan.

To consolidate these trends, the two countries are implementing a programme to increase bilateral trade for 2024–2030. Its purpose is to move beyond growth in individual product categories towards a more sustainable supply model by expanding the range of goods, developing promotion and distribution channels, and eliminating trade barriers. As part of this work, the parties are considering issues related to coal, construction materials, livestock, seedlings, and sheet glass.

The next level of cooperation involves trade, logistics, and industrial instruments. The Termez International Trade Centre provides Kyrgyz products with an additional southern route, while trading houses in Bishkek and Tashkent could serve as permanent channels for promoting goods. Assembly facilities using components from Uzbekistan would give bilateral trade a stronger industrial dimension.

The investment component is supported by the mutual presence of businesses: 450 enterprises with Kyrgyz capital operate in Uzbekistan, while 85 enterprises with Uzbek capital operate in Kyrgyzstan. This indicates a transition from conventional trade operations to more sustainable forms of business engagement.

On this basis, industrial cooperation is acquiring tangible substance. Automobile production has been launched in the Chuy Region with the participation of the Uzbek side, including the manufacture of Onix, Captiva, Damas, Cobalt, Tahoe, and Tracker models.

At the same time, sectoral opportunities are not limited to the automotive industry. In the field of geology, the parties are interested in the joint exploration of several deposits, including iron ore and phosphorites, as well as cooperation on critical minerals. In the pharmaceutical sector, plans are being developed to manufacture affordable medicines.

The light industry sector holds particularly significant potential. Textile enterprises have already been established in Kara-Balta and Andijan, garment production is expanding in Bishkek and the Osh Region, and fabric manufacturing is being developed in the Chuy Region.

Alongside industrial initiatives, energy cooperation continues to be of strategic importance. The Kambarata HPP-1 project occupies a central place in this area. It is important to accelerate the coordination of the relevant intergovernmental agreement and ensure a balance between the parties’ water and energy interests.

The transport dimension complements this logic, as it directly affects the sustainability of economic ties. Transport operators in both countries require predictable operating conditions. Therefore, the establishment of a working group and the preparation of a joint transport and logistics programme for 2026–2028 remain relevant priorities.

The Uzbek-Kyrgyz Development Fund provides the financial foundation for some of these initiatives. Its portfolio already includes projects in transport, finance, light industry, construction materials, and energy. Expanding the Fund’s project portfolio and considering the participation of the Kyrgyz side in its authorised capital could further strengthen the sustainability of this mechanism.

Border infrastructure is of particular importance, as it translates the broader bilateral agenda into practical cooperation at the regional and local levels.

Overall, these areas demonstrate that Uzbek-Kyrgyz relations are progressing towards a more mature economic model. Growing trade, industrial projects, energy coordination, transport corridors, agricultural and industrial initiatives, and the expansion of financial instruments are forming not a fragmented set of agreements, but an interconnected system of long-term partnership.

In December 2025, the President of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev will pay an official visit to Japan and take part in the high-level Central Asia + Japan Dialogue summit.

Since the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two states on 26 January 1992, the development of Uzbek–Japanese cooperation has been one of the key priorities of Uzbekistan’s foreign policy in the Asia-Pacific region. Based on mutual respect and trust, Tashkent and Tokyo are today building dynamic, multi-tiered cooperation covering politics, security, the economy, investment, innovation, education, culture, tourism, and interaction within regional formats.

Japan has traditionally been a key strategic partner in modernizing industrial and energy infrastructure, advancing digital transformation, promoting sustainable development, and supporting progress in education, science, culture, and humanitarian exchange.

Bilateral cooperation between Uzbekistan and Japan is rich and dynamic. A turning point in the development of the dialogue was President Shavkat Mirziyoyev’s official visit to Japan in December 2019, which gave a powerful impetus to the implementation of major joint economic, investment, and humanitarian projects and defined the long-term trajectory of bilateral engagement.

On the international stage, Uzbekistan and Japan interact effectively within international organizations and support each other’s positions. Over the years, Uzbekistan has supported Japan’s candidacy to UN bodies more than 40 times, while Tokyo has co-sponsored a number of UN General Assembly resolutions initiated by Uzbekistan, including resolutions on the Central Asian Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone, education and religious tolerance, youth support, and the role of parliaments in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals.

The strategic nature of bilateral relations is also reflected in inter-parliamentary cooperation. Friendship groups operate within both national parliaments, regular meetings of the Uzbekistan–Japan Inter-Parliamentary Forum are held, mutual visits take place, and online consultations and negotiations are conducted.

Cooperation between the foreign ministries is likewise intensive. Since 2002, 19 rounds of political consultations have been held between the foreign ministries of the two countries.

A significant milestone in this regard was the first Strategic Dialogue between the Foreign Ministers of Uzbekistan and Japan, held on 25 August 2025 in Tashkent. This new format underscored the long-term nature of bilateral engagement and the readiness of both sides to expand mutually beneficial cooperation across all areas.

Regular contacts, telephone conversations, meetings on international platforms, and reciprocal visits by foreign ministers help coordinate positions on bilateral and multilateral issues and further intensify cooperation in other areas.

Honorary consuls of Uzbekistan in Japan also play an important role in promoting interstate cooperation, actively contributing to the advancement of economic and cultural initiatives.

Economic cooperation between Uzbekistan and Japan is developing dynamically and encompasses industry, energy, communications, infrastructure, innovation, transport, and the “green economy.” Trade between the two countries is conducted under the most-favored-nation regime, which has contributed to steady growth in bilateral trade turnover.

In 2024, the Uzbek–Japanese Trade House opened in Nagoya, demonstrating Japan’s growing interest in expanding trade ties with Uzbekistan.

Joint meetings of the Uzbekistan–Japan and Japan–Uzbekistan Committees on Economic Cooperation serve as the key coordination mechanism for bilateral economic projects.

Today, 84 joint ventures with Japanese capital operate in Uzbekistan, and 13 major Japanese companies have representative offices in the country, working in the oil and gas, chemical, engineering, logistics, education, and tourism sectors.

Japanese financial institutions play a strategic role in modernizing Uzbekistan’s economy. In January 2025, a loan agreement worth USD 150 million was signed in Tashkent with the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) for the construction and equipping of the Republican Center for Neurology and Stroke — a modern project that will represent an important step in advancing national healthcare.

The cultural and humanitarian dimension of Uzbek–Japanese relations is distinguished by depth and emotional resonance. For more than two decades, the Uzbekistan–Japan Friendship Society, as well as the Fukushima–Uzbekistan Association and the Japan–Uzbekistan Association, have been actively operating. The Hiroshima Peace Stone installed in Tashkent and the Japanese Garden in the heart of the capital have become symbols of strong friendship between the peoples of Uzbekistan and Japan.

Uzbekistan regularly hosts Japanese cultural festivals, film screenings, performances, and exhibitions. In turn, Uzbekistan widely showcases its cultural traditions in Japan — from national cuisine and traditional garments to music and dance. Such exchanges form a unique basis for friendship between the two nations, fostering mutual respect and strengthening long-term cooperation.

Modern cultural projects have become the hallmark of humanitarian dialogue. In April 2022, Tokyo hosted the vibrant event “Spirit of the Silk Road — Bridge of Friendship,” and in 2024, the Japanese ensemble “Japanese Pearl” won third place at the traditional Boysun Bahori festival.

Education is one of the most rapidly developing areas of humanitarian cooperation. More than 2,500 students study Japanese language across seven universities in Uzbekistan. The Uzbek–Japanese Center for Human Resource Development operates in the country, the Japan Development Scholarship (JDS) program is being implemented, and joint projects are carried out with the universities of Tokyo, Nagoya, Tsukuba, Keio, and Toyohashi. Over 400 Uzbek students have received JDS scholarships, and about 2,500 specialists have undertaken internships in Japan. Exchange programs and faculty visits are active, and university rector forums are held.

Joint scientific research is being conducted in ancient history, archaeology, oriental studies, agriculture, and climate processes.

Japan provides financial and technical support to the development of healthcare in Uzbekistan. More than USD 60 million has been allocated for equipping medical facilities, training specialists, and supplying vaccines. Over 100 Japanese volunteers have worked in Uzbekistan, and more than 200 Uzbek medical professionals have completed internships in Japan.

Interregional diplomacy occupies an increasingly important place in bilateral relations. Sister-city partnerships have been established between Rishtan and Maizuru, Tashkent and Nagoya, and Samarkand Region and Nara Prefecture. Within this framework, Samarkand Days are regularly held in Japan, alongside cultural events in Nagoya.

Growing interest among Japanese visitors in Uzbekistan’s culture and history is stimulating cooperation in the tourism sector. The number of Japanese visitors to Uzbekistan continues to rise, facilitated by expanded air connectivity, active promotion of cultural tourism, and improved infrastructure.

Particular interest is drawn to Uzbekistan’s Buddhist heritage sites — Kara-Tepe, Fayaz-Tepe, Dalverzin-Tepe, and the temple complexes of Termez and its surroundings. Thanks to the research of Japanese scholars, these monuments have gained international recognition and attract visitors and experts from around the world.

Another vivid example of Japanese public interest in Uzbekistan was the success of the Uzbek pavilion, “Garden of Knowledge: Laboratory of the Future Society,” at EXPO 2025 in Osaka. Uzbekistan’s national pavilion was recognized as one of the most remarkable exhibits and was awarded a Gold Medal. The world premiere of the National Symphony Orchestra of Uzbekistan’s performance “Celestial Dance,” dedicated to bilateral friendship, captivated Japanese audiences.

The Central Asia–Japan Dialogue, whose first leaders’ summit President Mirziyoyev will attend during his visit, is a format that fully aligns with Uzbekistan’s regional priorities and reflects the growing political consolidation of Central Asian states.

The initiative to establish the Dialogue was first proposed by Japan’s Foreign Minister Yoriko Kawaguchi during her visit to Tashkent on 24 August 2004. The priority goals identified at the time included ensuring peace and stability in the region, supporting reforms and social development, strengthening intra-regional ties, enhancing Central Asia’s partnership with neighboring regions and the international community, and cooperating on pressing regional and global issues.

Today, the Dialogue has evolved into a stable platform for trusted interaction and discussions on sustainable development.

To provide the format with practical substance, regular working meetings of senior officials, sectoral expert consultations, and Tokyo Intellectual Dialogues are held. In recent years, the Economic and Energy Dialogues at the ministerial level, conducted in Tokyo in 2023–2025, have become particularly significant.

Infrastructure assistance has always been one of Japan’s priorities within the Dialogue. Japanese organizations such as JICA and Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC) systematically participate in modernizing transport corridors, logistics hubs, roads, engineering facilities, airports, and rail infrastructure. These projects significantly increase regional connectivity and strengthen Central Asia’s role as a key bridge between East Asia, the Middle East, and Europe.

Japan, a global leader in digitalization and automation, actively shares its expertise with the countries of the region. For Uzbekistan, this cooperation is especially important: the country is rapidly developing its IT sector, creating IT parks and technology parks, launching digital economy programs, and attracting Japanese experts for training national specialists.

Given Japan’s long-standing leadership in environmentally sustainable development and energy-efficient technologies, environmental cooperation is also a central element of the partnership.

As the most populous country in the region and a major transport and logistics hub, Uzbekistan plays a central role in shaping the agenda of the Dialogue. In recent years, Uzbekistan has contributed significantly to strengthening the practical content of cooperation by initiating new projects across various fields.

Over the past two decades, the Dialogue has proven itself as a stable and in-demand mechanism of partnership that allows the countries of the region and Japan to build systematic cooperation across a wide range of areas.

Thus, the upcoming visit of President Shavkat Mirziyoyev to Japan and his participation in the Central Asia + Japan Summit will deepen both bilateral and multilateral political dialogue, expand economic and investment cooperation, and strengthen educational and scientific ties. Undoubtedly, the active efforts of the President to expand mutually beneficial partnerships will once again confirm Uzbekistan’s commitment to regional integration and open, constructive international dialogue.

Navruz is considered one of the ancient and widely celebrated traditional holidays, embodying values such as humanity, kindness, generosity and diligence.

This holiday holds a significant place in the culture of the peoples of Central Asia, Iran, the Caucasus, the Near East and South Asia, reflecting the continuity of centuries-old civilizational traditions.

According to historical sources, the tradition of Navruz dates back at least three thousand years. Detailed information on this subject was provided by Abu Rayhan Beruni in his work “The Remaining Signs of Past Ages” (Athar al-Baqiya).

Navruz is closely linked to the calendar systems of ancient Iranian and Turkic peoples and is celebrated during the vernal equinox. The origins of Navruz are directly connected to astronomical events: during the equinox, the Sun moves along the ecliptic and enters the sign of Aries, making day and night equal in length. Ancient peoples interpreted this natural phenomenon as the beginning of a new year. Consequently, since antiquity, Navruz has been regarded as a symbol of nature's awakening, fertility and the renewal of life.

Today, Navruz is recognized as a cultural tradition celebrated across a vast geographical area. The holiday is observed in various forms in countries such as Uzbekistan, Iran, Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Türkiye, India and Pakistan. Its shared core philosophy is centered on harmony with nature, fostering friendship between people and strengthening unity within society.

The international significance of Navruz has received special recognition. In 2009, UNESCO inscribed Navruz on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Subsequently, the United Nations General Assembly proclaimed March 21 as International Nowruz Day, highlighting the holiday's role in strengthening cultural ties and mutual respect among nations.

The traditional festive table (dasturkhon) plays a central role in Navruz ceremonies. Various dishes prepared from spring bounties, including Uzbek national specialties such as kuk somsa (green somsa), kuk chuchvara (herb dumplings), halim and sumalak, are considered symbolic elements of the holiday. In particular, ceremony of preparing sumalak represents a centuries-old communal tradition. Made from wheat sprouts, this dish is interpreted as a symbol of abundance and prosperity.

Historical sources record that ceremonies associated with sumalak were held in the form of ancient communal festivities. Some researchers note that these traditions continued through the Middle Ages. In particular, historical records from the Timurid era contain information about spring festivals and public celebrations. These ceremonies were often organized in open fields, gardens, or city centers, featuring various traditional folk games.

Another ancient tradition associated with Navruz is the spring festival. Events such as the Tulip Festival (Lola Sayli) or the Red Flower Festival (Guli Surkh Sayli) are dedicated to celebrating the awakening of nature. These festivities were primarily held in mountain and foothill regions, evolving as ceremonies linked to the blooming of spring flowers.

Cultural scholars explain the significance of Navruz in society through several key aspects. First and foremost, it ensures the continuity of centuries-old traditions and values. Secondly, the holiday strengthens social virtues such as collectivism, generosity, and tolerance. Thirdly, Navruz serves as an important platform for promoting cultural dialogue and mutual understanding among diverse peoples.

From this perspective, Navruz is regarded not only as a spring holiday but as a unique cultural phenomenon shaped throughout the history of human civilization. Its ancient customs, ceremonies and symbolic meaning continue to play a vital role today in strengthening social harmony, preserving historical heritage, and passing it on to future generations.

Dunyo IA

Assalamu alaikum, dear compatriots!

Dear guests!

Today, we celebrate the thirty-fifth anniversary of the independence of our sacred homeland with great pride and solemnity.

I sincerely congratulate our dear people, including our esteemed enlightened ones, our courageous youth, our honorable women, representatives of all nationalities and ethnic groups in our country, and our compatriots abroad on this day.

The fact that our greatest holiday is being held in New Tashkent further enhances the grandeur of the celebration.

In this region, which will become a center of science, education, and culture in the future, we recently inaugurated the magnificent buildings of the New Uzbekistan University, the Nizami Ganjavi National Pedagogical University of Uzbekistan, and the National Library of Uzbekistan.

The fact that the fountain that will be opened with your participation today is listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the tallest musical fountain in the world adds even more spirit to the festive mood.

In this unique place where centuries-old dreams are coming true, we, along with our entire people, will witness many more joyful and historic events.

I am confident that New Tashkent will become a true center of development, adding beauty to our capital and demonstrating the power of the New Uzbekistan we are building!

Dear friends!

We gained our state independence in 1991, thanks to the will and determination of our people. In fact, the roots of our great independence go back to the history of our statehood traditions and ancient civilization, which are more than three thousand years old.

During the First and Second Renaissance, our great scholars such as Muhammad Khorezmii, Ahmad Ferghani, Abu Rayhan Beruni, Abu Ali ibn Sino, Mirzo Ulugbek, and Mir Alisher Navoi enriched the treasury of human thought.

The state founded by our great-grandfather Amir Temur has a worthy place in the pages of history as a symbol of justice and creativity.

The dreams and aspirations of our great forefathers, such as Behbudi, Munavvarkori, Fitrat, Qodiriy, and Chulpon, who sacrificed their lives for the freedom of the homeland and national independence, are being fully realized in New Uzbekistan today.

Independence, first of all, has returned to us our honor, our sacred religion, our native language, and our forgotten national values.

Thanks to independence, we realized our identity and demonstrated to the whole world that we are worthy successors of our ancestors, whose names are always held in high esteem.

In these emotional moments, we pay tribute to the memory of our great ancestors and martyrs who sacrificed their lives for today's free life.

On this historic date, we believe it is appropriate to once again recognize the selfless labor and courage of all our deceased compatriots who have made a worthy contribution to strengthening our independence over the past 35 years.

We respectfully commemorate the bright memory of our first President, a prominent statesman and politician, Islam Abduganievich Karimov.

Dear holiday participants!

The great importance of independence is manifested, first of all, in human dignity and free life. Therefore, from the first days of the reforms, we listened to the hearts of the people, aimed to be a remedy for the people's ailments. We brought the idea of ​​"For human dignity!" to the center of state policy. For the first time, we eliminated problems that had tormented people for years, such as "cotton slavery", "forced labor and child labor", "restrictions on conversion", "propiska".

Most importantly, the fear and anxiety in the hearts of our citizens have been replaced by confidence and peace. We have worked tirelessly and tirelessly over the past decade to build a society where every person can live freely and prosper.

Having shown great political will, we have opened Uzbekistan to the world. In particular, border issues have been resolved, friendship and cooperation with our neighbors have been strengthened. Fundamental changes have been made in currency, tax, customs and investment policies. As a result, we have improved our position in the "Index of Economic Freedom" by 80 points, placing us among the "moderately free economies".

Previously, our economy attracted $2-3 billion in foreign investment annually, but now it is attracting $40-50 billion. Along with investments, advanced technologies, modern knowledge, and new economic opportunities are entering our country.

Three years ago, we planned to increase our gross domestic product to $160 billion by 2030. Despite disruptions in global logistics and the unstable situation in the world, we will more than achieve this goal this year and become one of the countries with an above-average income.

The important thing is that we are achieving such high results thanks to the selfless work of our people, their intellectual potential, and the unity of the nation and state. You will certainly agree with me when I say that every person and every family is deeply feeling the positive changes in their lives.

Can words describe the joy of more than 650,000 families who have acquired modern housing in the new era?

The image of New Uzbekistan is entering thousands of our neighborhoods.

We have openly acknowledged the issue of poverty and created the New Uzbekistan experience to drastically reduce it. We have established a system of working "on a neighborhood basis" to improve the income, employment, health, education and living conditions of needy families.

Thanks to our consistent efforts, we have managed to reduce the poverty rate from 35 percent in 2017 to 4 percent today. Behind these numbers lies the joy and gratitude of 10 million people whose livelihoods have been blessed and their quality of life has improved.

Dear compatriots!

To take our rightful place in the world community, we need a new generation of educated, future-oriented, and independent-minded specialists. That is why we are bringing quality and substance to education. We are restoring the prestige of teachers and increasing their income.

Over the past decade, even as our population has grown by 8 million, we have increased kindergarten coverage to 78 percent. 1.5 million additional student places have been created in schools. The establishment of presidential, creative and specialized schools has opened wide opportunities for our children to acquire in-depth knowledge at a level no less than that of leading foreign educational institutions.

We have created suitable conditions for young people to learn foreign languages ​​and professions.

Thanks to the expansion of favorable conditions for studying at universities, the number of students has now reached 1.6 million. Fortunately, the desire to learn is growing among young people. For parents, giving their children a higher education is not just a dream, but an achievable goal.

In particular, it would be correct to say that more than half of the students are women - a unique face of the Third Renaissance. Because educated girls mean an educated family, an educated generation, and an educated society.

We consider science, modern technology, and innovation, along with education, to be crucial factors in our development.

At the same time, we have launched a huge movement by giving new impetus to the development of areas such as IT, artificial intelligence, and the creative economy. Through this, we will introduce 10 million of our young people to the digital industry and the professions of the future.

We are particularly proud of the launch of the Samarkand-2028 satellite into space with our Chinese partners on the eve of our Independence Day.

My intention: Uzbekistan should become a center that offers the world advanced initiatives in the field of technology.

The Uzbek language should be the language in which science and technology are created in the digital world.

Dear compatriots!

When we talk about human dignity, it is natural that we pay special attention to the issue of the health of our population. In recent years, we have increased the funds allocated to this area more than 8 times. Most importantly, the opportunity to receive quality medical services has been created not only in the center, but also in the regions.

Over the past period, 652 new medical institutions have been built in our country, and the volume of medical services has increased threefold due to the wide opportunities provided to the private sector. Our efforts to train highly qualified doctors and create conditions for them
are bearing fruit. More than 100 complex diagnostic and treatment methods previously implemented abroad are now being perfectly implemented in our country.

In general, the most important result of our reforms in this area is that the average life expectancy of the population has increased from 66.4 years in 1991 to 75.4 years in 2025, and infant and maternal mortality rates have decreased by 4 times.

Dear friends!

Our beloved homeland has always been a land of great thinkers, dear saints, and great scholars. We have built unique scientific and educational institutions, such as the Center for Islamic Civilization, the Imam Bukhari and Burkhaniddin Marginoni memorial complexes, worthy of such a priceless heritage.

These magnificent and sacred places are now receiving deserved recognition not only from our country and the Islamic world, but also from the people of the entire world. We will continue such creative work with great intensity.

Dear holiday participants!

Our greatest asset is the youth of New Uzbekistan, who are the decisive force of our tomorrow. 20-25 trillion soums are allocated annually to support our ambitious and hardworking sons and daughters and to open up broad opportunities for them.

Today, young entrepreneurs make up 35 percent of business representatives in Uzbekistan.

The historic achievements of our young athletes at the Tokyo and Paris Olympic and Paralympic Games and on world stages have brought immense pride to our people.

Our footballers have opened a new page in the history of Uzbek sports by participating in the World Cup for the first time. We believe that the path they have begun will certainly be continuous and victorious.

In the near future, a major sporting event - the World Chess Olympiad - will begin in Samarkand. In November, our famous grandmaster Javokhir Sindorov will compete for the world chess crown.

I wish my chess players great victories in these competitions!

I consider our young people, who are taking high places in international science olympiads, competitions, and festivals, to be the stars of New Uzbekistan, the future builders!

Never stop striving forward and constantly searching, my dear children!

Dear compatriots!

Today we stand at an even more responsible and decisive stage in history. Our country is entering a completely new era of development. The next decade will be a period of national uplift for us .

We will build this only through the intelligence, hard work, and unity of our people. To this end, in the coming years, we will implement 7 national programs that will further enhance human dignity in our country.

The first national program will be to transform knowledge and skills into the main capital of our future development.

We will soon increase the coverage of children in 6-year-old preparatory groups to 100 percent. Existing privileges for establishing private kindergartens will be maintained.

All schools are fully covered by international assessment programs.

We will introduce international educational standards in technical schools in our country. We will train our youth in highly profitable professions, bringing the number of students to 1 million. In short, there will not be a single young man or woman left in New Uzbekistan who has not acquired a profession.

We set a major goal of including at least 10 of our universities in the TOP 1000 in the coming years.

The second national program serves to ensure the health and longevity of our people.

To this end, we will increase public spending on public health to 5 percent of gross domestic product over the next five years.

We will move to a health care model by strengthening preventive medicine. State health insurance will reach every household in the country.

In order to strengthen the competitive environment in specialized medicine, we will bring in at least 5 of the world's most prestigious clinics.

We will turn our country into a mask made possible by modern medicine, pharmaceuticals, biotechnologies and medical education.

Dear event participants!

The third national program is to transition our economy to a model of high technology and labor productivity.

To this end, we will attract $450 billion in foreign investment over the next ten years. While maintaining high economic growth rates, by 2030 the gross domestic product will reach $300 billion, and 2 million high-income jobs will be created in industry.

The development of startups, ventures, and artificial intelligence will become a priority in fully realizing the potential of our youth.

We will also create a holistic ecosystem for small businesses to grow into medium-sized businesses, and medium-sized enterprises to grow into large companies and corporations. As a result, the GDP per capita will exceed $10,000 in the next ten years.

Dear friends!

In the context of global climate change, water and environmental issues are becoming increasingly urgent.

Therefore, the fourth national program is aimed at radically changing the attitude towards water and nature.

In the next five years, we will achieve 100 percent coverage of water-saving technologies in crop fields. This will become a nationwide goal.

Attitude to nature is a quality indicator of the culture of the people, the responsibility of the state and progress. Therefore, in our country, we are bringing the nationwide movement "Green Space" to a new qualitative level. Green areas around schools, kindergartens, hospitals and apartment buildings are protected as an inviolable asset of society. In the coming years, we will increase the level of greenery in district and city centers to 30 percent.

Dear compatriots!

Where justice prevails, both economic growth and social trust increase.

In this regard, the fifth national program is to strengthen judicial independence and make ensuring the rule of law a common value.

To this end, we will establish a clear system of legal education, starting from school. We will resolutely continue our reforms to strengthen legal guarantees for citizens and entrepreneurs. We will further strengthen measures to prevent cybercrime, drug trafficking, and human trafficking.

We will take the fight against the "shadow economy", organized crime, and discrimination against women and children to a new level.

Dear compatriots!

The mood of our people, the well-being of families, the dreams and aspirations of young people, and the initiative of entrepreneurs are reflected, first of all, in the neighborhood.

Therefore, the Sixth National Program is aimed at making the mahalla the main customer of social development.

Now the approach to developing state programs will change completely. The district budget, investment program, and infrastructure projects will be developed based on the requirements of the mahalla. The demands and needs of citizens, as well as the well-being of the mahalla, will be the main criteria.

Dear holiday participants!

The Seventh National Program is aimed at comprehensively enhancing Uzbekistan's reputation as a land of peace and friendship, a tolerant country.

In our country, representatives of more than 130 nationalities and ethnic groups, as well as members of 16 religious denominations, live in harmony and harmony, like children of one family.

In today's turbulent times, interethnic harmony and religious tolerance are the golden fund and invaluable wealth of our people.

Our open, pragmatic, and peace-loving policy is aimed at ensuring our long-term development.

Historic achievements have been achieved in expanding good-neighborly relations, strategic partnership, and friendship in Central Asia.

Our relations with the Commonwealth of Independent States, the European Union, America, the Asia-Pacific region, and the Arab-Muslim world have been further strengthened. New areas of cooperation have been opened in Eastern Europe, Africa, and Latin America.

The number of countries that have established diplomatic relations with our country has reached almost 170.

We will continue to pursue a multifaceted, measured, and balanced foreign policy to make Uzbekistan an important center of international diplomacy. Economic diplomacy will remain one of the priorities of our foreign policy.

Our country will chair the Non-Aligned Movement for the first time in 2027-2029. We will actively promote initiatives aimed at increasing the effectiveness of this global structure, which unites more than 120 countries around the world.

We will firmly continue our constructive policy towards our neighboring Afghanistan.

I would like to take this opportunity to express my special gratitude to the representatives of the diplomatic corps, foreign media representatives, and our high-ranking guests from the United States, Turkey, and Singapore participating in our ceremony today for their fruitful cooperation.

Dear and respected compatriots!

I would like to express one opinion with confidence.

We are stronger today than we were yesterday. Hopefully, we will be even stronger tomorrow.

Our thirty-five years of independent development have taught us one truth: when the people and the state unite and work hard towards a common goal, there is no goal that cannot be achieved.

There is no force that can defeat such a powerful people and state.

We are one homeland, one people, and together we will build a new life and a great future!

I am confident that our courageous, courageous, and noble people will certainly achieve the lofty goals they have set for themselves.

Together, we will certainly create a golden age and a new great history for our homeland!

May we be eternally grateful to our Lord for granting us the gift of independence!

Glory to our people, the creators and true founders of our independence!

I once again congratulate you, and through you, our entire people, on today's great holiday - the thirty-fifth anniversary of the independence of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

May our country be peaceful, and our homes prosperous and prosperous!

Long live the Republic of Uzbekistan!

Long live the people of Uzbekistan!

Stolen cultural property dating back to the 2nd and 3^rd centuries AD has been returned to Uzbekistan following a large-scale investigation involving law enforcement agencies and scholars from across Europe.

A number of artefacts, illegally smuggled from the Central Asian republic that was once the heart of the Bactrian and Kushan empires, were presented by the Metropolitan Police's Art and Antiquities Unit at the Embassy of Uzbekistan. They will subsequently be transported back to their homeland, where they will take a prominent place in the exhibition of the recently opened Center of Islamic Civilization in Tashkent.

The event serves as vivid evidence of Uzbekistan's consistent policy regarding the repatriation of national cultural heritage and highlights the growing global trend toward the protection of cultural values.

“This event is a compelling confirmation of the broad international support for the consistent course of the President of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev, aimed at returning cultural treasures to their homeland, - noted Firdavs Abdukhalikov, Director of the Center of Islamic Civilization in Tashkent and Chairman of the Board of the World Society for the Study, Preservation and Popularization of the Cultural Legacy of Uzbekistan (WOSCU). - We are deeply grateful to our partners and law enforcement representatives from European countries for their support and look forward to further cooperation in preserving and restoring our cultural heritage”.

Detective Sophie Hayes of the Metropolitan Police, addressing a gathering of prominent scholars and officials, emphasized that the recovered artefacts are the heritage not only of Uzbekistan but of all humanity. According to her, the investigation was conducted with the assistance of both national and international specialists, as well as the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), with the support of the World Society for the Study, Preservation and Popularization of the Cultural Legacy of Uzbekistan (WOSCU).

The items presented at the exhibition are among the findings discovered in November 2025 during an investigation codenamed Operation Inherent Vice by the police.

A total of nine artefacts were on display, including statue heads and fragments of gypsum frescoes. These monuments date from the 2nd-3rd to the 7th century AD and hold exceptional historical significance for both Uzbekistan and the broader Islamic world.

“The return of these priceless artefacts is not only a victory for New Uzbekistan but also a compelling testament to the power of international cooperation in preserving the country's historical heritage, - added Mr. Abdukhalikov, noting that cultural organizations, legal institutions and diplomatic missions have confirmed their readiness to assist Uzbekistan in recovering its lost treasures”.

The ceremony reflected a broader trend toward strengthening global interaction in the field of cultural heritage protection, with a particular focus on increasing transparency and adhering to ethical standards in the art and antiquities market.

The Center of Islamic Civilization also announced its intention to participate in the upcoming Sotheby’s and Christie’s auctions and to visit art galleries in London. These initiatives are aimed at acquiring new items of Uzbek cultural heritage for the purpose of their preservation and return to the homeland.

“Uzbekistan's efforts to return and protect its cultural heritage continue to attract the attention and support of the international community. We are setting a powerful example of coordinated action in the field of restitution of cultural property”, - emphasized Mr. Abdukhalikov.

“The returned items possess exceptional historical and scientific value, as they belong to various eras of the ancient history of the territory of modern Uzbekistan and reflect the diversity of civilizational processes that have occurred in Central Asia over the centuries”, - noted Dr. Farhod Maksudov, Director of the National Center of Archaeology (Institute of Archaeology) of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

IA “Dunyo”

The text of the article is in Uzbek!

Exhibition will feature the 8^th Uzbekistan International Mining and Metals Forum – UIMF 2026, under the theme “From Resources to Global Opportunities”.

The 20^th Anniversary International Exhibition on Mining, Metallurgy and Metalworking – “MiningMetals Uzbekistan 2026” will be held on October 27–29^th, 2026, at the “Uzexpocentre” National Exhibition Complex in the capital of Uzbekistan, reports Dunyo IA correspondent.

The event is organized by Iteca Exhibitions International Company in partnership with ICA Eurasia Group.

MiningMetals Uzbekistan, which celebrates its 20^th anniversary this year, is the leading exhibition for the industry in Uzbekistan. It has long been an effective platform for showcasing the latest solutions and innovations, developing partnerships, exploring cutting-edge equipment and technologies and finding practical ways to help businesses grow.

To date, more than 150 exhibitors from 16 countries have confirmed their participation: Australia, the Republic of Belarus, Germany, Iran, Spain, Kazakhstan, Canada, China, the Republic of Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Serbia, Türkiye, Uzbekistan, Finland and Estonia.

Visitors will explore mining and mineral processing machinery, equipment for metallurgy and metalworking, solutions for transporting and processing mineral raw materials, and technologies for digitalisation, automation and industrial safety.

Germany will once again participate with a National Pavilion, while extensive displays by Chinese and Turkish manufacturers have also been confirmed.

Uzbekistan National Stand will be a joint display organised by the Ministry of Mining Industry and Geology of Uzbekistan, bringing together the country's leading mining and metallurgical enterprises: Navoi Mining and Metallurgical Company, Almalyk Mining and Metallurgical Complex, “Uzmetkombinat”, Uzbekistan Technological Metals Complex and “Navoiyuran”.

A highlight of the exhibition's business programme will be the 8^th Uzbekistan International Mining & Metals Forum – UIMF 2026, under the theme “From Resources to Global Opportunities”.

UIMF 2026 will bring together many leading players from Central Asia's mining and metallurgical industries, government agencies, investors, technology companies and the research community.

The eighth Consultative Meeting of the Heads of State of Central Asia and Azerbaijan, scheduled for 8 October 2026 in Awaza, lends particular significance to the strategic partnership between Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan. The agenda proposed by Turkmenistan covers security, the economy, energy, transport, water resources and humanitarian ties. In each of these areas, cooperation between Tashkent and Ashgabat can deliver benefits for the region as a whole.

Against a backdrop of global instability and the restructuring of Eurasian logistics networks, this partnership is becoming a pillar of regional stability. Its broader significance rests on a combination of political trust, complementary economies and responsibility for shared resources. Coordination between the two neighbours creates a more predictable environment for trade, investment and long-term planning across Central Asia.

From Strategic Partnership to Regional Trust

The 1996 Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance laid the foundations for bilateral relations. A new stage began in March 2017, when President Shavkat Mirziyoyev made his first foreign visit as head of state to Turkmenistan. The visit culminated in the signing of the Treaty on Strategic Partnership. The Declaration of 21 October 2022 reaffirmed the commitment to deepening this partnership, expanding economic ties and strengthening cooperation on the international stage.

The settlement of border issues through negotiated agreements is equally significant. On 10 November 2017, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan signed a treaty concerning the area where their state borders meet. Such agreements strengthen regional trust and provide legal certainty for the development of cross-border cooperation.

Regular dialogue between Shavkat Mirziyoyev, President Serdar Berdimuhamedov and the National Leader of the Turkmen People, Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedov, ensures continuity in this approach. The state visit of the President of Turkmenistan to Uzbekistan in November 2025 gave fresh impetus to cooperation. Agreements were signed on border trade, agriculture, healthcare and ties between the regions of the two countries. Political trust is steadily being translated into practical mechanisms for joint action.

Ashgabat’s diplomatic engagement plays a particular role. On Turkmenistan’s initiative, the UN General Assembly adopted the resolution “Zone of Peace, Trust and Cooperation of Central Asia” on 28 July 2022, with Uzbekistan among its co-sponsors. The resolution secured international political support for regional dialogue and the peaceful settlement of disputes. By advancing this agenda, Turkmenistan assumes an important responsibility for strengthening trust in Central Asia. This approach is consistent with Uzbekistan’s policy of good-neighbourly relations: joint efforts to prevent risks create the conditions needed for national development programmes and regional projects.

Economic Cooperation as a Foundation for Integration

Trade growth demonstrates the economic foundations of closer ties. According to Uzbekistan’s National Statistics Committee, bilateral trade rose from $177.9 million in 2017 to $1.2 billion in 2025, an increase of approximately 6.8 times. In January–August 2026, it reached $807.4 million, up 5.7 per cent on the same period of the previous year.

A free trade regime has been in effect since 25 February 2025, eliminating customs duties on goods originating in the two countries, subject to certain exceptions. In November 2025, the Shavat–Dashoguz border trade zone opened, bringing together trading, warehousing and service facilities. It enables businesses to store and sell products, complete shipment formalities and access essential services in one location. The two sides agreed to extend this model to the Alat–Farap area. Establishing a similar zone between Bukhara Region and Lebap Province would bring more local producers into direct trading relationships.

These arrangements are turning border areas into centres of economic cooperation. Simpler trade and border procedures reduce business costs and create more opportunities for small enterprises and employment. Bilateral cooperation provides a practical setting for developing solutions that can subsequently be discussed at Consultative Meetings and applied across the wider region. This approach builds integration around measurable benefits for producers and local communities.

The leaders’ target of increasing bilateral trade to $2 billion calls for closer industrial cooperation, including in the production of construction materials, pharmaceuticals and food products.

Joint processing activities and the manufacture of finished goods could diversify both countries’ exports and strengthen regional production links. Cooperation in the purchase, supply and transit of gas and electricity complements these efforts. It offers Uzbekistan opportunities to secure reliable energy supplies for its growing economy, while enabling Turkmenistan to expand its export markets. Predictable supplies provide a more stable basis for industrial cooperation in Central Asia.

From Landlocked Geography to Eurasian Connectivity

Turkmenistan provides Uzbekistan with access to the Caspian Sea and, through the South Caucasus, to Europe. Uzbekistan’s infrastructure, in turn, connects Turkmen businesses with markets elsewhere in Central Asia. The Turkmenabat–Farap bridges, opened in 2017, strengthened this connection. Its further development marks a shift from the constraints of being landlocked towards becoming active, land-linked hubs in international transport networks.

The Awaza Programme of Action for Landlocked Developing Countries for the Decade 2024–2034 provides a global framework for this transformation. Adopted by the UN General Assembly on 24 December 2024, it was endorsed at the Third UN Conference on Landlocked Developing Countries in Awaza in August 2025. Hosting the conference and advancing its outcomes highlight Turkmenistan’s role in mobilising international support for transport connectivity, trade and climate resilience. For Tashkent and Ashgabat, this is a shared agenda for overcoming geographical constraints on development.

Practical steps include the trilateral dialogue between Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and Azerbaijan, launched at the highest level in Awaza in August 2025, and the November agreement on the joint development of the Port of Turkmenbashi. Azerbaijan’s full participation in the Consultative Meetings creates further opportunities to coordinate Caspian transport operations. Priorities include through tariffs, electronic documentation and coordinated border-crossing operations, which are essential to turning infrastructure into a competitive transport route.

Combining Caspian and southern transport links with existing routes gives exporters across Central Asia more options and expands transport opportunities along the East–West and North–South axes. This reduces exposure to disruptions on individual routes, strengthens the region’s economic autonomy and improves its position in Eurasian trade. In this area, the value of the partnership is measured by the reliability of deliveries and access to external markets.

The Amu Darya: Water Security and Preventive Diplomacy

Cooperation on the Amu Darya, Central Asia’s largest river by discharge, directly links the resilience of both countries to the security of the entire basin. For countries along its middle and lower reaches, coordinated water use is essential to irrigation, energy supply, food security and the preservation of ecosystems in the Aral Sea region.

The intergovernmental Agreement on the Management, Protection and Rational Use of the Water Resources of the Amu Darya River, signed on 14 July 2022, strengthened the legal framework for cooperation. The fifth meeting of the Joint Water Management Commission, held in Khiva on 30 January 2026, addressed improvements in water accounting and monitoring, modern technologies and adaptation to climate change. Regular data exchange and coordinated action help the two countries anticipate water shortages and reduce the risk of disagreements.

The reliable operation of the Tuyamuyun hydraulic complex, which combines flow regulation, irrigation and electricity generation, is particularly important. Joint expert work has examined sedimentation in its channel reservoir. Sediment accumulation reduces water storage and flow-regulation capacity. Modernisation of the complex, water conservation and the reduction of losses in irrigation networks should therefore be treated as interconnected tasks in ensuring water and energy security.

Tashkent and Ashgabat share the task of establishing lasting water cooperation with all countries in the basin, including Afghanistan. In 2023, Shavkat Mirziyoyev proposed jointly studying the impact of the Qosh Tepa Canal on the flow regime of the Amu Darya and considering the involvement of Afghan representatives in regional water dialogue. Both countries attach fundamental importance to balancing Afghanistan’s economic development with the need to maintain reliable water supplies downstream. Achieving this balance requires joint assessments of the impact of new projects, the exchange of reliable data, agreement on water withdrawal parameters and consideration of each other’s interests. This gives the dialogue on the Qosh Tepa Canal significance for the entire region.

This illustrates the preventive role of water diplomacy: reaching agreement in advance reduces vulnerability to drought and the associated food security and humanitarian risks. The experience of Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan can strengthen basin-wide cooperation and engagement between upstream and downstream countries. Its effectiveness matters to the entire region because the consequences of a water crisis extend beyond national borders.

Awaza and Central Asia’s Long-Term Prospects

The “Central Asia 2040” Concept for the Development of Regional Cooperation, adopted in Astana in 2024, provides a long-term framework for joint action. The forthcoming meeting in Awaza offers an opportunity to translate that framework into practical decisions. The Uzbek–Turkmen partnership contributes concrete elements to this agenda: production links, reliable energy supplies, access to Caspian and southern transport routes, and responsible water use. Together, these areas strengthen the ability of the region’s states to shape their own development paths.

Lasting cooperation requires support from society and professional communities. Expanding cultural and people-to-people ties is particularly important in this regard. A shared cultural heritage and appreciation of the works of Alisher Navoi and Magtymguly Pyragy sustain mutual interest between the two peoples. The Days of Turkmen Culture and screenings of Turkmen films held in Urgench and Tashkent in 2025 were followed by agreements on regular exchanges. The Cultural Cooperation Programme for 2026–2027 provides a basis for bringing the two countries closer together. Joint educational programmes and the training of specialists in water management, logistics and industry could make a valuable further contribution.

Expert dialogue is also intended to support these processes. In November 2025, the Institute for Strategic and Regional Studies under the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Institute of International Relations of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkmenistan signed a memorandum establishing an Uzbek–Turkmen Expert Council. This mechanism creates opportunities to assess regional risks jointly and develop proposals on trade, transport and water use. Its practical value lies in providing research-based input into interstate decisions while taking account of the interests of businesses and the public.

The new stage in the partnership between Tashkent and Ashgabat is thus defined by its contribution to the broader framework of security and sustainable development. By translating political trust into accessible markets, reliable transport and infrastructure links, and coordinated resource management, the two countries strengthen the foundations of regional cooperation. This is their strategic contribution to the future of Central Asia as a region of good-neighbourly relations, economic interconnectedness and open engagement with the Caspian basin and other parts of Eurasia.

Vladislav Tyan
Leading Research Fellow
Institute for Strategic and Regional Studies
under the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan