Bakhtiyor Mustafayev, Deputy Director of the Institute for Strategic and Regional Studies under the Head of our state (ISRS), commented on the outcomes of the working visit of President of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev to Switzerland and his participation in the ceremony of signing the Board of Peace Charter in Davos:

- The participation of the President of Uzbekistan, Shavkat Mirziyoyev, in events held on the sidelines of the Annual Meeting of the World Economic Forum in Davos in January 2026 constituted a landmark development, reflecting the country’s transition to a new stage of international positioning.

Against the backdrop of increasing geopolitical uncertainty, Uzbekistan demonstrated an approach that aligns domestic reforms with evolving global expectations, positioning itself as a reliable and predictable partner for investment and initiatives in the field of security.

A central milestone of the working visit was the participation of the Head of State in the ceremonial signing of the Board of Peace Charter on January 22, 2026. The invitation extended to the President of Uzbekistan by the President of the United States, Donald Trump, to join this body as a founding member reflects a high level of international confidence.

Uzbekistan’s participation in the Board of Peace is grounded in clear strategic considerations.

First, this represents a natural continuation of the strategy of openness and multi-vector dialogue that Uzbekistan has consistently pursued in recent years.
Tashkent has been purposefully strengthening its presence across all major global platforms, actively participating in regional and international formats of the United Nations, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Organization of Turkic States (OTS), the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), and BRICS+.

The invitation extended to U.S. President Donald Trump to participate in the G20 Summit reflects the growing recognition of Uzbekistan as a responsible partner in global governance. Accession to the Board of Peace logically builds on this trajectory, reaffirming Uzbekistan’s capacity to engage on an equal footing with the world’s leading powers and to make a constructive contribution to the development of new mechanisms of international cooperation.

Second, Uzbekistan’s participation in the Board of Peace clearly demonstrates its firm commitment to a principled position on the Palestinian issue, where Tashkent combines humanitarian resolve with practical action.
Following President Shavkat Mirziyoyev’s public call for a ceasefire in November 2023, the country moved from words to deeds: USD 1.5 million in assistance was allocated through UNRWA, and in December 2024 Uzbekistan carried out a humanitarian evacuation of 100 wounded Palestinian women and children from Rafah.

Drawing on the successful experience of the Mehr program, Tashkent created comprehensive conditions for their medical treatment and social rehabilitation, effectively offering the international community a functioning model of practical humanitarianism. This state policy—going beyond declarations and implying real responsibility for human lives—became a key factor of trust in the formation of the Board of Peace.

Third, the Davos platform served as a catalyst for advancing Uzbekistan’s economic and investment profile toward a higher level of global competitiveness. Over the past decade, the country has demonstrated sustained economic growth: GDP has more than doubled to USD 145 billion, economic growth reached 7.7 percent in 2025, and foreign exchange and gold reserves exceeded USD 60 billion for the first time.

Structural transformation of the economy is reflected in the fact that more than 80 percent of GDP is generated by processing industries, while exports reached a historic high of USD 33.4 billion, representing a 24 percent increase. Equally significant are the social outcomes of the reforms, including a reduction in the poverty rate from 35 percent in 2017 to 5.8 percent in 2025, contributing to more inclusive economic development.

In addition, negotiations between the President of Uzbekistan and the leadership of BlackRock, the world’s largest asset manager, marked an important step toward attracting long-term and sustainable investment. Discussions on potential equity participation and the establishment of joint investment mechanisms indicate Uzbekistan’s growing integration into global investment processes. This confidence is also reflected in the activities of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), whose total investments in Uzbekistan have reached nearly USD 7 billion, making the country one of the Bank’s key partners in the region.

Fourth, amid the fragmentation of the global order and the escalation of regional tensions, ensuring that the interests of Uzbekistan and Central Asia are adequately reflected in emerging security frameworks remains of critical importance. Participation in the Board of Peace serves as an instrument of preventive diplomacy based on the understanding of the interconnected nature of contemporary challenges and threats.

Uzbekistan is effectively establishing the first line of defence for its own security and for the stability of the entire region, ensuring that national and Central Asian interests are not marginalized in global decision-making processes.

In conclusion, it can be stated with confidence that President Shavkat Mirziyoyev’s visit to Switzerland has set a new strategic trajectory for the country’s development.

The combination of institutional consolidation within the Board of Peace, internationally recognized macroeconomic achievements, a consistent humanitarian stance, and the active promotion of regional interests at the global level positions Uzbekistan as a unique model of successful modernization in the contemporary world — a state that not only adapts to changes in the international system, but also earns the right to participate in shaping the global agenda of the 21st century.

Dunyo IA

At the invitation of President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev, President of Mongolia Ukhnaagiin Khurelsukh will pay a state visit to our country on June 23-26.

In accordance with the program of the high-ranking guest's stay, it is envisaged to hold high-level talks in Tashkent, during which issues of further expansion and strengthening of Uzbek-Mongolian relations of friendship and multifaceted cooperation will be considered.

In particular, the agenda includes plans to develop constructive political dialogue and inter-parliamentary contacts, increase bilateral trade turnover, implement cooperation projects in mining, agriculture, livestock, light industry, healthcare, transport, logistics and other areas. Joint measures aimed at boosting cultural, humanitarian and tourist ties will also be discussed. There will be an exchange of views on international issues.

A package of intergovernmental and interdepartmental documents will be signed following the results of the summit.

As part of the program of the state visit, the leaders of the two countries will meet with representatives of leading companies and business circles, and a number of other bilateral events will be held.

Mongolian President Ukhnaagiin Khurelsukh will also visit Khiva, where he will familiarize himself with the rich cultural and historical heritage of our people.

Just a few years ago, the concept of the “smart city” was largely seen as a futuristic idea associated with digital control panels, autonomous transport, widespread sensor networks, and automated urban services.

Today, the smart city has become a practical tool for addressing modern urban challenges. This trend can be seen across countries facing rapid population growth, increasing migration to major metropolitan areas, overstretched infrastructure, and mounting climate risks.

In this context, smart technologies are no longer viewed as an end in themselves. Instead, they are increasingly used to improve the resilience and efficiency of key urban systems, including transport, energy, public utilities, waste management, and environmental monitoring. This allows cities to adapt more effectively to emerging challenges, reduce pressure on infrastructure, and improve the overall quality of urban life.

At the same time, smart city development is gaining strategic economic importance by creating long-term drivers of growth. Such projects attract substantial investment by combining digital infrastructure, innovative services, and principles of sustainable development.

The growth of smart urban areas also contributes to job creation in high-tech sectors ranging from IT and telecommunications to engineering and urban data analytics. In parallel, the modernization of urban infrastructure improves resource management and raises overall living standards.

Against this backdrop, the approaches taken by Uzbekistan and Azerbaijan deserve particular attention. Rather than simply following a global trend, both countries are developing their own models of smart urbanization — ones in which technology serves people and supports the creation of more comfortable, sustainable, and future-oriented cities.

In this regard, Uzbekistan offers a particularly notable example, as urbanization is becoming an increasingly pressing issue amid steady demographic growth. The country’s population is growing by approximately 1.8–2% annually, placing additional pressure on transport systems, housing, infrastructure, and social services.

Under these conditions, the government is focusing not on limited modernization of the existing urban environment, but on the creation of new growth centers. The Smart City concept adopted in 2019, followed by the Digital Uzbekistan – 2030 strategy, established the institutional foundation for the large-scale digital transformation of urban infrastructure and public services.

One of the most visible outcomes of this strategy is the New Tashkent project, whose significance extends far beyond that of a traditional urban development initiative.

In essence, the project aims to create a new economic, administrative, and investment hub capable of easing pressure on the existing capital while introducing a fundamentally new model of urban organization based on smart city principles and sustainable development.

In this case, the concept of the “15-minute city,” green infrastructure, digital governance, public transport prioritization, and energy efficiency are not treated as separate elements, but as components of a broader strategy aimed at expanding economic space and improving the quality of the urban environment.

Against this backdrop, New Tashkent illustrates how urbanization can serve not only as a response to infrastructure pressures, but also as a tool for creating new centers of economic growth capable of redistributing business activity and shaping the long-term development of the urban agglomeration.

This is also why the project has a distinctly international dimension. Its implementation involves Singapore’s Meinhardt Group, the UK-based Foster + Partners and Cross Works, the Dutch firm OMA, Japan’s Sojitz Corporation, South Korea’s Incheon International Airport Corporation, and other international partners. This reflects Uzbekistan’s efforts to integrate global expertise into its national development model.

Azerbaijan, in turn, has chosen a different approach to the development of smart urban spaces. Rather than building entirely new cities from scratch, the focus has been placed on the restoration and comprehensive modernization of recently reintegrated territories alongside the introduction of modern urban planning solutions and Smart City technologies.

This approach goes beyond the physical reconstruction of infrastructure and involves rethinking urban development through digital technologies, sustainable planning, and green standards.

Following the reintegration of Karabakh and Eastern Zangezur, Azerbaijan faced not only the challenge of rebuilding damaged territories, but also the task of their socio-economic reintegration into the country’s broader development framework. In this context, the concepts of Smart City and Smart Village have gained particular strategic importance, serving as the foundation for a new model of territorial planning and governance.

Within this model, technology is no longer viewed solely as a modernization tool, but as an instrument for comprehensive territorial development. It supports the rapid restoration of basic services, creates conditions for the return of displaced populations, stimulates economic activity, and enables more effective management of spatial development.

One of the clearest examples is Aghali — Azerbaijan’s first “smart village.” The project demonstrates how digital infrastructure, renewable energy, smart agriculture, and modern public services can become part of a new model of post-conflict reconstruction.

The village covers around 119 hectares and includes more than 200 modern eco-friendly homes equipped with smart systems, as well as social and public infrastructure facilities, including a school, kindergarten, medical center, ASAN xidmət and DOST service centers, small business facilities, and administrative buildings.

A similar development model can also be seen in Fizuli, Aghdam, Shusha, Khojaly, and several other settlements, where new infrastructure systems are being developed based on environmental sustainability, transport accessibility, and digital management of urban and rural services.

Like Uzbekistan, Azerbaijan also relies heavily on international cooperation as a key driver of modernization. Huawei is involved in implementing digital solutions, the World Bank provides analytical and advisory support, while Japan is expanding cooperation in smart infrastructure and green energy, contributing to the adoption of advanced technological practices.

Uzbekistan is building a new urban environment from the ground up, while Azerbaijan is developing its model against the backdrop of a complex historical and territorial transformation. At first glance, these are very different starting points. Yet this is precisely what makes the similarities in their approaches particularly notable. In both cases, digital infrastructure is not treated as an additional layer built onto the city, but as a core element shaping its future development from the outset.

At the same time, neither country is pursuing a model based on copying existing examples. The experiences of Singapore, Dubai, and Qatar are being studied, but not replicated. Instead, both states are developing their own models tailored to local demographic, geographic, historical, and social realities. This reflects not a limitation of choice, but the maturity of their strategic approach.

Against the backdrop of accelerating urbanization across Central Asia and the South Caucasus, the experiences of Uzbekistan and Azerbaijan are increasingly emerging as a kind of laboratory for new development models. While their strategies differ in tools and priorities, both are driven by the same objective: building a new generation of cities that combine technology, sustainability, adaptability, and a people-centered approach.

Abbosbek Mashrapov

Senior Research Fellow, International Institute for Central Asia

In October, the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Shavkat Mirziyoyev, will pay a state visit to the Kingdom of Belgium, during which important decisions are expected to be made that will mark a qualitatively new stage in relations between Uzbekistan and the European Union. In particular, the visit will feature the signing of the Agreement on Enhanced Partnership and Cooperation.

In recent years, Uzbekistan has been actively shaping a new framework of engagement with Europe – a key pillar of stability amid current geopolitical tensions and global economic uncertainty. The ties between Uzbekistan and European countries continue to grow, and the areas of cooperation are diversifying, supported by the ongoing reforms in Uzbekistan.

Building a New Chapter in Relations

After gaining independence, Uzbekistan’s relations with the European Union developed dynamically. A Memorandum of Understanding between the Government of Uzbekistan and the European Commission was signed in 1992, followed by the establishment of diplomatic relations in 1994. The foundation of cooperation was laid by the Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (PCA) signed in June 1996 and entering into force in 1999. However, at a certain stage, cooperation faced difficulties due to the insufficient pace of democratic reforms in Uzbekistan.

With the election of Shavkat Mirziyoyev as President, the situation changed dramatically. As early as 2017, during his visit to Tashkent, Stefano Manservisi, Director-General for International Cooperation and Development of the European Commission, stated that “the EU regards Uzbekistan as a strategic partner.” The sweeping democratic and economic reforms launched in Uzbekistan helped resolve within a short period many issues that had long remained unsolved. Forced labor was completely eradicated, and reforms in the cotton sector enabled the country to abandon raw cotton exports altogether.

As reforms advanced, the legal and institutional framework of relations with Europe expanded rapidly. While previously Uzbekistan and the EU granted each other most-favored-nation treatment under the PCA, in April 2021 the EU granted Uzbekistan GSP+ beneficiary status, and in 2022 the Enhanced Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (EPCA) was initialed.

Along with internal transformation, Uzbekistan’s foreign policy architecture also changed. Priority was given to closer cooperation with neighboring Central Asian states, as well as the active expansion of ties with European countries – a vector that has strengthened steadily in recent years.

Just in the past year, Uzbekistan established strategic partnership relations with France, Italy, and Slovakia, while discussions on expanding strategic cooperation with Hungary continued. President Mirziyoyev also visited Slovenia, and Italy’s Prime Minister and Bulgaria’s President visited Uzbekistan.

A milestone in strengthening relations between Uzbekistan and Europe, and between Europe and Central Asia as a whole – was the first EU–Central Asia Summit, held in Samarkand in April 2025 under the chairmanship of Shavkat Mirziyoyev. Uzbekistan presented a broad range of initiatives to create a new model of regional cooperation between Central Asia and Europe, including: a multilateral agreement on investment protection and promotion; the launch of a Central Asia–EU Joint Chamber of Commerce; the adoption of a regional support program for SMEs and women’s entrepreneurship; the establishment of an investment platform to promote regional projects in green energy, innovation, transport, infrastructure, and agriculture.

The Samarkand Summit was highly productive. A Joint Declaration was adopted, establishing a strategic partnership between the two regions in trade, transport, energy, digital connectivity, and water management. European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen announced that the EU had prepared a €12 billion investment package for Central Asia under the Global Gateway initiative.

The Trajectory of Economic Cooperation

Uzbekistan’s deep democratic transformations have significantly improved relations with European countries. Economic reforms have enhanced the competitiveness of Uzbekistan’s economy, stimulating investor confidence and growing interest from European businesses.

The results are impressive. Over the past 8 years, Uzbekistan’s GDP has doubled, reaching $115 billion in 2024. Since 2017, investment in fixed capital has totaled $240 billion, of which foreign investment exceeded $130 billion. The country’s foreign exchange reserves surpassed $48 billion for the first time in history. Structurally, the share of industry in the economy increased from 20% to 26%, and services from 44% to 47%. Labor productivity (GDP per employed person) rose by 45%.

As a result, opportunities for mutually beneficial cooperation between Uzbek and European businesses have expanded. Between 2017 and 2024, Uzbekistan’s trade with the EU increased 2.4 times to $6.4 billion; exports grew 3.6 times to $1.7 billion, and imports 2.2 times to $4.7 billion. In 2024, the EU’s share in Uzbekistan’s total trade turnover was 9.7%, in exports 6.3%, and in imports 12%. The EU ranked third among Uzbekistan’s trade partners, after China and Russia.

The EU’s share in Uzbekistan’s total exports increased from 3.8% to 6.3% over the same period. This growth was driven by Uzbekistan’s accession to the GSP+ preferential trade system, granting duty-free access to the EU market across roughly 6,200 tariff lines. The share of Uzbekistan’s exports benefiting from GSP+ reached 59%, with a preference utilization rate of 84%, indicating efficient use of trade benefits.

In 2024, Uzbekistan’s exports to the EU were dominated by chemical products (52.1%), as well as textiles, ferrous and non-ferrous metals, minerals, and food products. Among EU members, France accounted for 47.2% of exports, Lithuania for 10%, and Latvia for 6.9%.

Uzbekistan’s imports from the EU significantly exceeded exports – a reflection of the ongoing technological modernization of the national economy. Around 16% of Uzbekistan’s total imports of machinery, equipment, and transport vehicles come from EU countries.

Investment cooperation is also expanding rapidly. In 2024, foreign investments and loans from EU countries and their financial institutions increased by 77%, reaching $4.1 billion (compared to $2.3 billion in 2023). The most active investors were Germany ($1.37 billion), the Netherlands ($1.05 billion), Cyprus ($858.9 million), the Czech Republic ($137.8 million), Italy ($99.8 million), and Sweden ($97.5 million). Today, around 1,000 enterprises with EU capital operate in Uzbekistan, with a total project portfolio of €30 billion.

A special role in recent years belongs to the EBRD, of which Uzbekistan has become one of the largest beneficiaries. The Bank’s total investments in Uzbekistan’s economy exceeded €5 billion, including around €1 billion in 2024, primarily directed toward the private sector.

Reforms in Uzbekistan have become the key driver for unlocking the significant potential of trade and economic cooperation with the European Union.

Uzbekistan–Belgium

The upcoming visit will also focus on strengthening relations between Uzbekistan and Belgium. Diplomatic relations were established following the opening of the Embassy of Uzbekistan in Brussels in 1993. In 1996, the two countries signed an Agreement on avoidance of double taxation, and in 1998 – an Agreement on mutual protection and promotion of investments, which provide legal guarantees for investors in both states.

Business contacts have intensified in parallel with Uzbekistan’s reform agenda. The visits of 2019 and 2022 set the tone for cooperation in infrastructure, energy, and the digital economy. More important than the current trade volumes has been the recognition and support of Uzbekistan’s reforms by EU partners, laying the foundation for long-term engagement.

In 2024, bilateral trade amounted to $62.3 million, including $7.3 million in Uzbek exports and $55 million in imports. Investment cooperation is gaining momentum: several dozen companies with Belgian capital now operate in Uzbekistan, including wholly owned enterprises. New technologies are being localized, for example, Jaga Climate Designers is participating in a joint venture for heating and ventilation systems, and Picanol Group is localizing the assembly of high-tech textile machinery. Belgian brands Belcolade and Prefamac are exploring opportunities to launch chocolate production with subsequent localization.

Despite modest trade volumes, there is significant potential for expanding cooperation in several areas. Given Belgium’s leading role in pharmaceuticals and biomedical research and Uzbekistan’s growing pharmaceutical market, joint ventures or industrial clusters could be developed in this sector, involving companies such as UCB and Janssen Pharmaceutica.

There is also strong potential for joint fruit and vegetable processing projects in Uzbekistan, targeting exports to the EU via Belgian logistics hubs such as the Port of Antwerp and wholesale markets. Potential partners include Greenyard and Puratos. Direct seasonal exports of fresh fruits (e.g., grapes in autumn and winter), as well as dried vegetables, spices, and organic products, could also be expanded. In light industry, there is room to increase exports of ready-made knitwear and home textiles, provided European quality and safety standards are met. The market potential is evident – Belgium imported about $7.9 billion worth of clothing in 2024.

The main challenges remain logistics and standards. Belgium functions as a major EU maritime hub centered around Antwerp, while direct routes from Uzbekistan are still limited. The near-term priority should be pilot supply chains ensuring quality and traceability, the development of cold logistics, certification under EU technical and sanitary regulations, the use of Benelux consolidation hubs, and trade finance tools for SMEs. With the gradual development of new overland routes along the Middle Corridor, Uzbekistan will gain a stronger foothold in high value-added exports without higher costs or delivery delays.

Conclusion

Uzbekistan is entering a stage of deepened economic cooperation with the European Union. During the ongoing modernization and digital transformation of its economy, European investment, technology, education, and research experience can play a key role. At the same time, Uzbekistan seeks to expand exports of industrial goods as their quality improves.

Uzbekistan is also a rapidly growing market with a young and dynamic population, now reaching 38 million people – an 18% increase since 2017. Every year, around 700,000 economically active individuals enter the labor market, forming a substantial human resource base for the economy, including joint ventures.

As a result of poverty reduction policies, living standards and household incomes have risen significantly. Whereas a third of the population once lived below the poverty line, 7.5 million people have been lifted out of poverty, and the poverty rate declined to 8.9% in 2024, with plans to reduce it further to 6% this year. These policies not only address social challenges but also expand domestic demand, increasing the interest of European businesses in entering Uzbekistan’s market.

The further deepening of Uzbekistan’s economic engagement with the EU and Belgium is an objectively mutually beneficial process – one that will define the success of the upcoming state visit of President Shavkat Mirziyoyev to Belgium.

The agreements expected to be signed will help advance joint projects in sustainable energy and infrastructure, strengthen transport and technological connectivity between Central Asia and Europe, and position Europe as a key partner in Uzbekistan’s long-term growth and modernization trajectory.

 Obid Khakimov,  

Director of the Center for
Economic Research and Reforms

On September 13, the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev held a meeting with the winners and medalists of the XVII Summer Paralympic Games.

The event was attended by the leadership of the National Paralympic Committee and sports federations, coaches, parents of athletes, representatives of state and public organizations.

As you know, the competitions were held from August 28 to September 8 in the capital of France, Paris. About 4.4 thousand Paralympians from 168 countries participated in them. From Uzbekistan, 65 para-athletes competed in 9 sports.

The Paralympic Games, like the Olympics, were successful for our country. Our compatriots set many records, winning 10 gold, 9 silver, 7 bronze - a total of 26 medals. They took 13th place in the overall team standings, as well as 3rd place in Asia and 1st place among Turkic, Islamic countries and the Commonwealth of Independent States.

We, the participants of the First International Islamic Civilization Forum, held on July 7–8, 2026, in Tashkent, express our profound gratitude to His Excellency Shavkat Mirziyoyev, President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and acknowledge the exceptional significance for contemporary society of the historic initiative he presented in September 2017 at the 72nd session of the United Nations General Assembly. This initiative seeks the revival, scientific study, and broad dissemination of the rich humanistic heritage of Islamic civilization.

We unanimously recognize that the establishment of the Islamic Civilization Center in the Republic of Uzbekistan, the effective organization of its activities, and the convening of the First International Islamic Civilization Forum represent the practical realization of this initiative. These efforts have undoubtedly marked the beginning of a new era of international cooperation in the study, preservation, and promotion of the invaluable heritage of the Muslim Ummah.

Based on the principles of peace, tolerance, education, and intercultural and interreligious dialogue;

noting the enormous contribution of Islamic civilization to the development of global science, education, art, architecture, and spiritual and intellectual thought;

recognizing the need to counter ignorance, extremism, xenophobia, Islamophobia, and distorted perceptions of Islamic heritage;

emphasizing that the scientific study of religious and cultural heritage is becoming increasingly important for strengthening international trust and ensuring sustainable development;

recognizing the historical contributions of both ancient and modern Uzbekistan, as well as the broader region, to the formation and advancement of Islamic and global civilization, we hereby adopt this Declaration.

1. To establish a new framework for international cooperation in the study, preservation, and dissemination of the heritage of Islamic civilization, the participants of the First International Islamic Civilization Forum propose the following global initiatives:

1. World Alliance for Islamic Civilization
   
   

The establishment of a World Alliance for Islamic Civilization, anchored by the Islamic Civilization Center in Uzbekistan, is proposed to unite international organizations, scientific and educational institutions, academies of sciences, museums, libraries, foundations, archives, centers of Islamic manuscripts, research institutes, and other relevant entities.

The primary objective of the Alliance is to foster sustained international cooperation, implement collaborative scientific, educational, cultural, museum, and digital initiatives, facilitate the exchange of knowledge and best practices, and coordinate efforts to preserve, study, and promote the creative achievements of Islamic civilization as an essential component of global cultural and intellectual heritage.

2. World Digital Registry of the Islamic Civilization Heritage

The development and maintenance of a unified international digital platform is proposed to aggregate manuscripts, archival materials, museum collections, architectural monuments, intangible cultural heritage, and scientific research related to the heritage of Islamic civilization.

3. International Program "Islamic Civilization: Heritage of All Humanity"
   
   

The implementation of a comprehensive international program is proposed to highlight Islamic civilization's contributions to global science, culture, and education. This initiative would encompass international exhibitions, educational projects, scientific conferences, publishing activities, and cultural events.

4. International Islamic Civilization Prize
   
   

The establishment of an international prize is proposed to honor individuals who have made significant contributions to the study, preservation, and dissemination of Islamic civilization's heritage, as well as to the advancement of science, education, intercultural dialogue, and humanitarian cooperation.

5. International Foundation for the Study of Islamic Civilization
   
   

The creation of an international foundation is proposed to support fundamental scientific research, the restoration of historical monuments, the training of emerging scholars, the implementation of publishing projects, and the advancement of international academic collaboration.

6. Global Digital Library of Islamic Civilization
   
   

Establish a multilingual digital library that integrates manuscripts, scholarly works, archival documents, museum collections, educational resources, and digital exhibitions dedicated to the heritage of Islamic civilization.

7. International Encyclopedia of Islamic Civilization
   
   

Develop and publish a comprehensive, multi-volume scholarly encyclopedia focused on the history of Islamic civilization, prominent scholars, schools of thought, cultural monuments, and major achievements of the Islamic world.

8. Annual International Report on the State of the Islamic Civilization Heritage
   
   

Establish a framework for the annual production of an analytical report that addresses the condition of cultural and educational heritage sites, the outcomes of scientific research, current challenges, and opportunities for international cooperation in preserving and studying the heritage of Islamic civilization.

9. International Youth Islamic Civilization Forum
   
   

Establish a permanent international platform for dialogue among young scholars, researchers, students, and specialists in cultural heritage, with the objective of cultivating a new generation of scholars in Islamic civilization.

10. International Union of Museums of Islamic Culture, Art, and Civilization
    
    

Establish an International Union of Museums of Islamic Culture, Art, and Civilization to unite leading museums, museum complexes, galleries, and specialized institutions from multiple countries.

The Union aims to advance international museum cooperation, organize joint exhibitions, conduct research and implement restoration, educational, and digital initiatives, facilitate the exchange of collections, best practices, and specialists, and preserve, study, and promote the heritage of Islamic culture, art, and civilization.

Maintain the Forum's International Council, elected at the First International Islamic Civilization Forum, as a permanent coordinating body. Assign it the responsibility of consolidating all initiatives and proposals from Forum participants, developing and approving an international roadmap for joint actions through 2030, and presenting this roadmap to Forum participants, international organizations, and the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan as a practical mechanism for implementing this Declaration.

We, the Forum participants, urge states, international organizations, scientific institutions, universities, museums, libraries, and public organizations to collaborate in implementing these initiatives for the sake of peace, mutual respect, education, and the preservation of the rich heritage of Islamic civilization as an essential component of the world's cultural treasury.

In the 21st century, "green" development has become not just a trend, but an unavoidable path for all of humanity. In the face of rapid climate change, intensifying water resource scarcity, and loss of biodiversity, sustainable development has become a priority for every nation. The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Sh.M. Mirziyoyev, speaking at international, regional, and national forums, consistently promotes the agenda of sustainable "green" development as the key to the prosperity of future generations.

The recently published book "The Path of 'Green' Development for New Uzbekistan" presents 310 quotes and 54 initiatives by Sh. Mirziyoyev, proposed during the period of 2017-2025, addressing climate change mitigation, rational use of water and natural resources, biodiversity conservation, and transition to a "green" economy.

Structurally, the book is divided into three chapters: "'Green' Development - the Path Chosen by Humanity," "Central Asia - The Course Towards 'Green' Development and the Future," and "New Uzbekistan on the Path of Sustainable Development."

Green development: the path humanity has chosen

 In the context of the global climate crisis, depletion of natural resources, and deterioration of environmental quality, an increasing number of countries are transitioning to a sustainable development model. Within this concept, a "green" economy is replacing raw material-industrial models centered on extraction, exploitation, and disregard for environmental risks.

The leader of Uzbekistan has repeatedly emphasized that for Central Asian countries, "green" development should become the foundation for a new stage of modernization: ..."only by efficiently utilizing limited land and water resources, addressing environmental issues, and embarking on the path of 'green' development, 'green' economy, and 'green' energy can we ensure sustainable development of the country and the well-being of its population. This is the only correct path." This quote reflects a fundamental shift in state policy: from narrow economic thinking to a strategic approach that focuses not only on profit and growth but also on environmental preservation, ecosystem sustainability, and public health. This is precisely why Sh. Mirziyoyev advocates the idea that the green course is not a fashionable trend, but a long-term necessity. Supporting the transition to green energy sources, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, strengthening environmental legislation, and educating the public are all part of a systemic green reform.

The President consistently emphasizes that responsibility for the future lies not only with developed countries but also with emerging economies. In this context, he declared at the UN General Assembly (2023): "At this pivotal historical moment, we all must reflect on what kind of planet we will leave for future generations." This appeal aims to mobilize the global community, but primarily reflects Uzbekistan's internal transformation - a course towards sustainability, resource conservation, and climate justice. In this regard, we present the following scientifically grounded proposals of the President.

Firstly, "climate change has become one of the main challenges for sustainable development in Central Asia," declared the President of Uzbekistan at the COP28 summit in Dubai. He emphasized that "the transition to a 'green' economy and achieving carbon neutrality are strategic objectives of New Uzbekistan."

Secondly, "Climate change has become one of the main challenges to sustainable development. This is especially acute in Central Asia and adjacent regions against the backdrop of the Aral Sea tragedy - one of the most devastating ecological crises of our time."

Thirdly, "the rise in air temperature in Central Asia is twice the global average, the number of extremely hot days has doubled, and a third of glacier masses have melted."

Fourthly, "soil degradation, regular dust and sand storms, drinking water shortages, air pollution, biodiversity loss, sharp decline in crop yields, and many other factors are negatively impacting the quality of life of millions of residents in the region."

Fifthly, the President also called for "swift agreement on the Global Framework for Climate Change Adaptation within the Paris Agreement." He also addressed the topic of global transition to a low-carbon economy. According to him, this process "must be fair, transparent, and inclusive" and "must necessarily take into account the interests of developing countries."

Sixthly, to transform the Aral Sea region into a Zone of Innovation, Technology, and New Opportunities, the head of Uzbekistan invited everyone to close cooperation "in creating an International Climate Technology Expo Hub in this region." Additionally, the President proposed to "establish scientific exchange and conduct joint research on the platform of the Climate Science Forum," which is being created on the basis of Green University in Tashkent, involving scientists and experts from foreign countries.

Central Asia: Charting a Course Towards "Green" Development and Future

 Global climate change is one of the most serious problems of our time, affecting all countries worldwide and becoming a significant obstacle to sustainable "green" development. The observed warming is causing extreme natural phenomena across the globe, such as droughts, hurricanes, scorching heat, fires, torrential rains, and floods.

Uzbekistan and other Central Asian states are among the countries most vulnerable to environmental disasters. Against the backdrop of a general increase in climate threats, Central Asia is developing its own regional response to the challenges of global warming and environmental degradation. The initiatives of the President of Uzbekistan on international platforms demonstrate that green transformation is not just a national priority, but also an interstate one.

Speaking at the 78th session of the UN General Assembly (2023), the President emphasized: "Today, the world is facing a severe ecological situation. The triple planetary crisis, caused by climate change, loss of biodiversity, and environmental pollution, is intensifying.

Under these challenging conditions, Central Asia, which continues to grapple with the tragedy of the Aral Sea, is becoming one of the regions most vulnerable to climate change."

This quote indicates the need for regional integration in the field of environmental safety. The President emphasizes the importance of joint actions in the management of natural resources, in particular transboundary waters. He initiated the development of a Regional Strategy to combat desertification and land degradation, emphasizing that sustainable agriculture and biodiversity conservation are only possible through coordinated efforts.

As part of this initiative, the following proposals were put forward:

First proposal: establishment of a Regional Center for Climate Technologies;

Second proposal: creation of a unified "green" energy space;

Third proposal: joint projects for reforestation and combating desertification, particularly in the dried-up seabed of the Aral Sea;

Fourth proposal: development of transboundary water diplomacy based on the principles of the Helsinki Convention.

In recent years, at Uzbekistan's initiative, the UN General Assembly has adopted more than ten special resolutions. Many of these directly address environmental issues in Central Asia and reflect Uzbekistan's active role in regional environmental diplomacy.

It is particularly noteworthy that all international initiatives and efforts of Uzbekistan's leader in this field are rooted in our national values, passed down from our ancestors over millennia. It should be emphasized that the environmental initiatives presented by the head of state at global forums receive widespread support from the international community and make a tangible contribution to ensuring sustainable "green" development at the global level.

For instance, one of Uzbekistan's landmark achievements was the adoption of a Special Resolution by the UN General Assembly in 2021, declaring the Aral Sea region a zone of environmental innovations and technologies. This marks the first time the UN General Assembly has granted such a high status to a region. This is because, due to the drying up of the Aral Sea, the Aral Sea region has become the epicenter of a global ecological disaster, a territory with an elevated risk to human health and ecosystem instability.

Water resource management issues in the region also remain within the focus of the President of Uzbekistan. "Effective water resource management with neighboring countries is key to sustainable development not only for Uzbekistan but for our entire region." This statement is particularly relevant for Central Asia, where water is becoming an increasingly scarce and politically sensitive resource. The leader of Uzbekistan advocates for the establishment of sustainable mechanisms for the distribution and joint management of water flows, which should reduce tensions and ensure harmonious development.

At the SCO summit in Bishkek (June 14, 2019), Shavkat Mirziyoyev proposed adopting the SCO "Green Belt" program to introduce resource-saving and environmentally friendly technologies in the organization's member countries. At the 14th ECO Summit (March 4, 2021), the Head of Uzbekistan put forward an initiative to develop and approve a medium-term strategy aimed at ensuring energy sustainability and broadly attracting investments and modern technologies to this sector.

At the Third Consultative Meeting of Central Asian Heads of State, held on August 6, 2021, in Turkmenistan, the President of Uzbekistan advocated for the development of a regional "Green Agenda" program for Central Asia. This program aims to facilitate the adaptation of countries in the region to climate change. The main focus areas of the program could include gradual decarbonization of the economy, rational use of water resources, integration of energy-efficient technologies into the economy, and increasing the share of renewable energy production.

Overall, against the backdrop of the increasing prominence of the international climate agenda, Uzbekistan's ongoing systemic environmental policy in the field of environmental protection aims to further improve the ecological situation in the Central Asian region.

Uzbekistan's New Path Towards Sustainable Development

 Today, Uzbekistan is actively integrating the principles of "green" transformation into its development strategies, laying the foundation for long-term sustainable growth. This is not merely a response to global challenges, but also an aspiration to enhance the quality of life for our citizens, generate new employment opportunities, and foster the country's sustainable "green" development. At present, "green" development in Uzbekistan has been elevated to the status of a nationwide movement. The primary objective of New Uzbekistan's transition to a "green" course is to safeguard human dignity, improve the population's well-being, and protect the fundamental rights of its citizens.

For Uzbekistan, the transition to "green" development is not an abstract concept or something far removed from reality. This notion has become an integral part of our country's constitutional course, encompassing all sectors of the economy and public life.

President Sh. Mirziyoyev emphasizes: "It is of great importance to accelerate the transition to an economy based on the careful management of water, energy, and other natural resources.

The task of developing 'green' and digital technologies, as well as production enterprises, is also crucial for us."

This is not merely a scientific and philosophical statement, but a guiding principle of state environmental policy. Under this slogan, various programs are being developed:

• increasing the share of renewable energy (target - at least 30% by 2030);
• reducing water losses in the agricultural sector through the use of digital systems and precision farming;
• improving energy efficiency of residential and industrial buildings;
• creating "smart" and "green" cities, including within the framework of the "Tashkent - Green Capital" project.

One example is the construction of solar and wind power plants in Navoi, Bukhara, and Samarkand regions. These projects are being implemented with the participation of major foreign investors (Masdar, ACWA Power) and are creating new jobs while reducing the burden on hydrocarbon resources.

Sh.Mirziyoyev also emphasizes the need to cultivate new ecological thinking in young people: "Understanding nature, environmental education and upbringing, forming environmental awareness and ecological culture among the population, especially among youth, which promote kindness, compassion, and mercy, are among the important tasks that must be accomplished to preserve the environment."

In this context, special attention is paid to environmental education, promoting sustainable practices, and supporting startups in the field of eco-technologies and green innovations. The creation of a national environmental performance rating for regions and institutions has become a tool for stimulating sustainable change.

Thus, Uzbekistan is becoming an example of a systematic approach to sustainable "green" development, combining environmental goals with economic growth and social justice. The principles of the "green" economy are increasingly being integrated into national planning, making Uzbekistan not only a participant but also an active driver of the international green agenda.

Conclusions: Prospects for the Future

 First conclusion. The approach being implemented in New Uzbekistan under the leadership of President Shavkat Mirziyoyev exemplifies the synergy of political will, scientific knowledge, national policy, and international cooperation. "Green" development is not a trend or a temporary solution. It is a strategic choice, a path chosen by humanity, and Uzbekistan demonstrates how this path can be realized in the face of global challenges.

Second conclusion. The initiatives and statements of Uzbekistan's leader demonstrate that green development for Uzbekistan is not a temporary agenda, but a strategic vector for a promising future. The framework of an environmentally responsible state is being systematically formed: with new laws, institutions, technologies, and public awareness.

Third conclusion. A distinctive feature of the Uzbek approach is its comprehensiveness: from global leadership in climate diplomacy to the practical transformation of energy, land use, and water management. Sh. Mirziyoyev not only articulates the principles of sustainable development but also ensures their institutional establishment, investment, and public support.

Fourth conclusion. Thus, the path to a "green" future, proposed and implemented by New Uzbekistan, can serve as a model for countries facing similar challenges and opportunities. This is a path where economic progress goes hand in hand with care for the planet, where political will translates into concrete actions, and sustainability becomes a new norm for human development.

In January, growth in the business climate was mainly driven by an outpacing increase in the expectations component. The agricultural sector and services became the key drivers of business confidence.

The Center for Economic Research and Reforms (CERR) presented the results of its business climate analysis based on monthly surveys of entrepreneurs across the republic. Based on the collected data, a composite Business Climate Indicator was formed, reflecting both current assessments of business conditions and expectations for the next 3 months.

Dynamics of Uzbekistan’s Composite Business Climate

In January of the current year, Uzbekistan’s composite Business Climate Index stood at 64 points (on a scale from −100 to +100), which is 23% higher than the level of 2025.

The improvement in the business climate was primarily driven by stronger assessments of the current business situation, which increased by 28%.

An additional contribution came from improved optimism regarding short-term business prospects. In particular, business expectations rose by 20%.

According to the survey, 22% of enterprises increased their number of employees. At the same time, 71% of respondents expect demand for their products to grow over the next three months, compared to about 60% in the same period last year.

The share of enterprises forecasting an increase in employment in the coming quarter rose to 65%, up from 58% a year earlier.

Sectoral Dynamics of the Business Climate Index

In sectoral terms, an improvement in the business climate compared to last year was observed in construction, agriculture, and services.

In agriculture, the Business Climate Index increased by 62% year-on-year and reached 77 points, compared to 48 points in January 2025.

Growth was mainly supported by a significant improvement in assessments of current conditions and more favorable expectations. The current situation indicator in the sector increased 2.7 times from 27 to 72 points, while expectations grew by 17% to reach 82 points.

44% of entrepreneurs assessed the condition of their business in the sector as “good,” compared to 39% a year earlier. Growth in demand for products over the past three months was reported by 46% of enterprises versus 39% in January last year. Expectations for further demand growth in the near term remain high at 71%, compared to 68% a year earlier.

In the services sector, the business climate increased by 25% compared to January last year, reaching 65 points versus 52 points a year earlier.

Growth was driven by a gradual improvement in current business conditions. Current assessments in services rose by 18% to 52 points. At the same time, a more pronounced increase was observed in the expectations component, which grew by 32% to 79 points, indicating a substantial strengthening of companies’ confidence in short-term prospects.

70% of entrepreneurs expect demand for their services to grow over the next three months, compared to 58% in January 2025. The share of enterprises expecting to increase employment in the coming quarter amounted to 61%, up from 54% a year earlier.

In the construction sector, the business climate increased by 13% to 61 points, compared to 54 points a year earlier. The current situation indicator improved by 43% to 57 points. Expectations were formed at the level of 66 points, showing a decline of 4%.

38% of respondents reported that business conditions in construction had improved over the past three months, compared to 35% a year earlier. The share of enterprises reporting workforce growth rose to 38% from 22% a year earlier. Expectations of demand growth over the next three months were expressed by 77% of entrepreneurs, compared to 61% in January last year.

In industry, the business climate slightly declined by 5% compared to last year, while remaining at a sufficiently high level of 54 points.

At the same time, optimism among industrial enterprises remains steadily high. In January, expectations increased by 10%, reaching 78 points, indicating a continued positive outlook regarding development prospects.

According to the survey, the share of respondents reporting an improvement in business conditions over the past three months reached 32%, compared to 30% a year earlier. Demand growth over the same period was noted by 38% of industrial enterprises versus 36% in January last year. Meanwhile, employment expansion plans strengthened — 69% of entrepreneurs expect to increase their workforce in the next three months, compared to 62% a year earlier.

Barriers to Entrepreneurial Activity

According to the survey, more than half (57%) of entrepreneurs see no barriers in their activities. Among the problems cited, the most frequent are taxation (11%), utilities (9%), and access to credit (8%).

CERR Sector for the Study of Sectoral Competitiveness and Investment Activity

Tel: (78) 150 02 02 (441)

CERR Public Relations and Media Sector

Tel: (78) 150 02 02 (417)

The President got acquainted with the construction of transportation infrastructure and engineering communications in New Tashkent.

As is known, the city under construction is designed for 1 million residents, which requires appropriate infrastructure with a view of long-term operation. In this regard, major underground engineering works are underway, laying the foundation for future grandiose constructions.

It is planned that infrastructure, daily life and ecology will harmoniously coexist in the new city. For instance, it is planned to create an environmentally friendly transportation system - metro and electric buses will be closely interconnected. For transportation 14 tunnels will be built, underground parking lots for 100 thousand cars will be equipped. In addition, all conditions will be created for barrier-free and safe movement of pedestrians and cyclists.

At one of the future intersections, foundation pouring for columns and waterproofing works are already underway. The President reviewed these processes. Recommendations were given on the use of high-quality and resistant materials.

Currently, the construction of one-section and two-section engineering collectors has begun, through which all centralized heating, water, electricity and telecommunications networks will pass underground.

The city will apply “smart” technologies in line with modern urbanization requirements. For the first time in the country, a “trigeneration” plant will be built here. Wastewater will be processed using modern technologies, and the resulting water will be used for irrigation and technical needs.

The President was also presented with the projects envisioned within the framework of the first stage of construction of New Tashkent. The winners of the auctions at which land plots were offered presented their investment initiatives.

Many local and foreign investors are interested in New Tashkent. Within the framework of the first phase, 11 mixed-use complexes, as well as hotels and restaurants have already been launched at a total cost of $490 million. Residential and commercial facilities as well as social institutions will make the neighborhood lively and attractive. Meanwhile, hotels and restaurants built in a unique architectural style will provide high-class service to guests and turn the city into a tourist center.

Next year, land plots for subsequent phases will be put up for bidding. Each phase will present new investment opportunities and projects. This will not only contribute to the further development of the city, but also create many new jobs and support local businesses.

In general, it is planned to create about 200 thousand high-income jobs in New Tashkent through the introduction of innovative technologies. Technoparks, IT-park, educational and medical clusters will be created for this purpose.

In the 21st century, the rapid development of global economic ties has further heightened the strategic importance of transport and logistics systems. From this perspective, strengthening transport cooperation among the member states of the Organization of Turkic States (OTS) —located in a key geoeconomic region connecting Europe and Asia—has become a priority.

Within the OTS framework, practical initiatives are being advanced to develop modern transport corridors, build up transit capacity, and create a single logistics space. This serves not only to deepen regional integration but also to ensure sustainable economic growth and connectivity across Eurasia.

The OTS countries are among Uzbekistan's primary trade and economic partners. Specifically, Uzbekistan maintains a large volume of trade with Kazakhstan, a free trade agreement with Azerbaijan, and most-favored-nation status with Turkey and Hungary.

In 2023, Uzbekistan's cargo transport volume with OTS member countries reached 17.5 million tons, accounting for nearly 38 percent of its total export-import shipments.

To further intensify multilateral cooperation within the Organization and strengthen the strategic partnership between its member states, the 12th Summit of the Organization of Turkic States was held on October 7, 2024, in Gabala, Azerbaijan, under the motto "Regional Peace and Security."

Following the summit, the parties adopted the 121-point Gabala Declaration. This document outlined a number of priority objectives for expanding cooperation in the political, economic, transport, communications, energy, and security spheres. The declaration paid special attention to the transport sector, identifying the further strengthening of transport connectivity between Europe and Asia, the enhancement of the region's transit potential, and the expansion of trade and economic ties as key tasks.

Additionally, the development of the Trans-Caspian International Transport Corridor (the Middle Corridor) was recognized as one of the organization's strategic priorities. Special emphasis was placed on increasing the efficiency of freight supply chains across Eurasia, diversifying transport routes, and enhancing the region's importance in the global logistics system by improving this corridor.

Furthermore, an agreement was reached at the summit to implement the "OTS+" format, aimed at expanding the geographical scope of cooperation between the Organization of Turkic States and external partners and third countries.

At this summit, the head of our state underscored the importance of connecting the Middle Corridor with the China–Kyrgyzstan–Uzbekistan railway and the Trans-Afghan Corridor, as well as digitalizing customs procedures and optimizing tariffs. The proposed initiatives were supported by the organization's member states, who expressed their readiness for joint work in these areas.

According to experts, the China–Kyrgyzstan–Uzbekistan railway is expected to create the shortest corridor from China to countries in Europe and the Middle East, reducing the distance by 900 kilometers and freight delivery times by 7–8 days.

The construction of the Uzbekistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan railway is another vital project for transregional cooperation. This project will link the South Asian railway system with the railway networks of Central Asia and Eurasia.

In recent years, as attention to the Trans-Caspian Corridor has grown, the volume of freight transported along it has been steadily increasing. In 2023, the transit of Uzbek cargo on this route through the Port of Baku exceeded 1.2 million tons, and there are plans to increase this figure to 1.5 million tons in the near future.

Uzbekistan is an active user of the strategic "China–Kyrgyzstan–Uzbekistan–Turkmenistan/Kazakhstan–Caspian Sea–Azerbaijan–Georgia–Turkey–Europe" route, which runs through the member states of the Organization of Turkic States (OTS). In cooperation with the OTS, special importance is attached to the development of this corridor. Specifically, large-scale work is underway to modernize infrastructure and coordinate logistics processes.

As the development and diversification of global logistics chains and transport corridors, along with the formation of a unified transit network, become particularly relevant, realizing the potential of the Organization of Turkic States is coming to the forefront.

Within the OTS framework, special attention is also given to implementing digital solutions in supply chains. In particular, an electronic permit exchange system (e-Permit) has been established among the Organization's member states, and the e-TIR system has been implemented with Azerbaijan. Alongside these efforts, solutions such as electronic customs, automated cargo tracking systems, and the "digital customs corridor" are being widely introduced in OTS countries.

The aforementioned initiatives are an important step toward creating a single transport space among the Turkic states. Through digital systems, new transport routes, and joint investments, the OTS countries are deepening their mutual integration and strengthening their positions within the Eurasian transport network.

IA “Dunyo”