An analysis of nighttime satellite illumination data indicates a strengthening of economic activity across regions and an expansion in the number of territories exhibiting urban-type development.

The Center for Economic Research and Reforms (CERR) applied satellite-based nighttime lights (NTL) data to assess economic activity at the level of regions and cities in Uzbekistan.

The analysis shows that higher light intensity corresponds to higher levels of economic activity and more advanced urban infrastructure.

CERR’s findings demonstrate a high degree of consistency between satellite-based indicators and official statistics. In particular, according to estimates based on NASA nighttime lights data, nominal GDP per capita in Uzbekistan grew by 80.3% in 2020–2025, corresponding to an average annual growth rate of 15.8%, increasing from $2,090 to $3,887 over five years.

For comparison, according to official statistics, GDP per capita increased by 81.8% over the same period, with an average annual growth rate of 16.1%, rising from $2,048 to $3,881.

Economic Activity in Large and Medium-Sized Cities

According to the data, over the past five years the highest growth in gross regional product (GRP) per capita among regions was recorded in the city of Tashkent, where the indicator increased by approximately $5,000, reaching $9.3 thousand by the end of 2025 (according to official statistics — $9.2 thousand).

Estimates for 2025 also show high GRP per capita levels in a number of large and medium-sized cities. In Navoi, the NTL-based estimate reached $9.3 thousand, in Zarafshan $7.9 thousand, in Samarkand $7.2 thousand, in Kokand and Andijan $6.7 thousand each, and in Akhangaran, Yangiyul, and Bukhara ranged from $5.8 thousand to $5.2 thousand, respectively.

Relatively high growth rates of GRP per capita were also observed across several regions. In Tashkent region, the indicator increased by $1.8 thousand to reach around $4 thousand. In Navoi region, GRP per capita also grew by $1.8 thousand to approximately $4 thousand. In Fergana and Syrdarya regions, the increase amounted to $1.6 thousand, reaching about $3.5 thousand and $3.4 thousand, respectively.

Economic Activity in Small and Medium-Sized Cities

Relatively high GRP per capita levels were also recorded in a number of small and medium-sized cities. In Termez, the indicator reached $5.1 thousand, in Margilan and Chirchik around $5 thousand, and in Namangan $4.8 thousand. Economic activity levels also remain relatively high in the cities of Kagan and Urgench.

Economic Activity at the District Level

At the district level, the highest GRP per capita growth dynamics in 2020–2025 were observed in Mirabad district, where the indicator increased by $7.1 thousand, in Yakkasaray district by $6.3 thousand, and in Chilanzar district by $5.6 thousand. As a result, GRP per capita in these districts exceeded $10 thousand, which is nearly three times higher than the average across other districts and cities in the country.

Among districts, the highest growth rates of economic activity were also recorded in Karmana district (2.5-fold increase), Yashnabad and Bektemir districts (2.4-fold), as well as Sergeli, Yangi Hayot, and Mirzo Ulugbek districts (2.3-fold).

Expansion of Territories with High Economic Activity

The use of nighttime lights data also made it possible to assess urbanization processes at the district level. In particular, between 2020 and 2025, the number of territories with high nighttime light intensity (NTL above 10), characteristic of urban agglomerations, increased from 22 to 31. The average GRP per capita in these territories rose from $3.8 thousand to $7 thousand.

At the same time, over five years the number of districts with low nighttime light intensity (NTL below 1) declined from 129 to 85, confirming the transition of 44 districts toward an urban-type development model.

In these districts, NTL levels increased on average by more than 2.5 times, while GRP per capita rose from $1.7 thousand to $3.2 thousand.

Conclusion

The results confirm that satellite-based nighttime lights data can effectively complement official statistics and be used for timely assessment of regional economic activity.

This approach enables the identification of new growth points and allows for more targeted allocation of state support toward infrastructure development and investment activity in the regions.

Abdulaziz Gaybullayev, CERR

CERR Public Relations Sector

Tel.: (+998) 78 150-32-20 (417)

Esteemed Heads of Delegations!

Once again, I would like to express my gratitude to the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, esteemed Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, for the warm welcome and excellent organization of the Summit in Astana.

We are highly estimate Kazakhstan’s effective chairmanship of the SCO, which has facilitated the expansion of multifaceted cooperation within the Organization.

It is a great honor to have with us the heads of observer-states and dialogue partners, esteemed guests.

Dear Participants of the Meeting!

I believe that a meeting in the broad format of SCO Plus is timely and necessary.

The world needs to restore trust, justice and solidarity more than ever.

The current global political and economic landscape is characterized by fractures, wars, and conflicts that are undermining the foundations and key principles of the system of international relations.

The contradictions and protectionism that have emerged are creating fragmentation of the world economy and supply chain disruptions, which are in turn creating new dividing lines that prevent countries from cooperating effectively in trade, finance and investment, technology transfer and innovation.

The only viable solution to these challenges is to consolidate efforts in the interest of global security, development, and prosperity.

The SCO has always advocated for and has been committed to a just world order based on the universally recognized principles of international law and multilateralism, with the UN playing a central coordinating role.

In this regard, our Organization continues to serve as a focal point for many countries seeking to build broad cooperation without political and ideological biases.

Concurrently, the evolving circumstances necessitate the implementation of new strategic approaches to enhance the efficacy of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.

Today, as it stands on the threshold of its 25th anniversary, it is imperative to develop a new agenda that aligns with the Organization’s immense potential and growing role in world politics and economy.

Building on the “Shanghai Spirit” and the founding principles of the Charter, unity and cohesion within the Organization should be preserved. I propose to intensify joint efforts with the objective of strengthening the atmosphere of trust and friendship within the SCO and to remove barriers to deeper cooperation.

First of all, it is necessary to undertake a comprehensive reevaluation of the conceptual foundation underpinning the SCO’s security-related activities.

The nature and scope of contemporary challenges have undergone a significant transformation since the establishment of the Organization.

Environmental and natural disasters, water and food shortages, cyberattacks, new methods of undermining sovereignty and economic stability pose an increasing threat.

All of this should also be taken into account when considering the strengthening of the SCO's potential, including the establishment of the Universal Center for Countering Security Threats and Challenges.

In this context, I propose to hold annually SCO Plus Dialogue on Security Issues with the participation of the heads of the competent bodies and experts of all our countries.

Uzbekistan proposes to consistently “reload” trade and economic cooperation in the SCO area, which continues to be fragmented.

So far, we could not manage to create a solid foundation for multilateral trade and inter-sectoral partnership.

For a long time, no consensus has been reached on the establishment of the SCO Development Fund and the SCO Development Bank.

Today at the summit we agreed to take comprehensive measures to simplify trade procedures and develop e-commerce, stimulate technological cooperation, including in the industries of the future.

In order to create an effective platform for business dialogue with the participation of all partners, we propose the annual holding of the SCO EXPO International Industrial Exhibition in our countries.

It is also important to actively promote economic interaction and seek opportunities for linking joint initiatives with the Economic Cooperation Organization, the Gulf Cooperation Council, the Eurasian Economic Union, ASEAN and others.

The new geopolitical realities convince us of the need to build an inclusive and integrated transport and transit system to strengthen interregional connectivity.

The global problems such as climate change and environmental disasters cannot be ignored by the Organization. Our countries are increasingly facing natural disasters, land degradation, reduced agricultural yields, air pollution and water shortages.

I believe that climate cooperation should become a key element of the new SCO agenda.

We advocate for developing an Agreement on cooperation in combating climate change, with concrete measures to achieve common goals and objectives in the area of green development.

We are also proposing the establishment of the SCO Center for Innovative Climate Solutions in Tashkent. It will conduct research on environmental sustainability and “green” growth.

Improving livelihoods and social protection should be given a central place on the Organization’s agenda.

We intend to hold a Global Conference on Sustainable Social Protection in Samarkand next year, under the auspices of the United Nations, as a contribution to achieving the goals Summit of the Future.

Finally, we need to strengthen and promote together a unique model of inter-civilizational dialogue.

The rich cultural, historical and spiritual heritage, traditions, customs and ways of life of our peoples are a powerful and resilient force for building bridges of mutual trust, good-neighborliness and lasting friendship.

This is the message contained in the recent UN General Assembly resolution on the International Day of Dialogue among Civilizations, adopted at our joint initiative.

In this context, the Samarkand Solidarity Initiative for Common Security and Prosperity, which we have put forward, aimed at overcoming the trust deficit through constructive dialogue and multilateral partnership, is more relevant than ever.

The practical implementation of this initiative will contribute to strengthening inter-civilizational dialogue to overcome contradictions on the path to sustainable development.

I am confident that together we can make the Organization even more creative through the implementation of programs in the area of cultural, educational, youth and tourist exchanges.

To this end, we propose to develop a Unified Bank of SCO Humanitarian Initiatives and Programs, which will enable projects in these areas to be systematized and jointly implemented.

I am convinced that the outcomes of this meeting will give a strong impetus to the development of a multifaceted partnership within the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.

Thank you for your attention.

President Shavkat Mirziyoyev familiarized himself with the proposals on improving the quality of pre-school and school education and the system of professional development of teachers.

Students' interest in subjects and their academic performance largely depend on the knowledge and skill of teachers. Therefore, necessary conditions are being created for teachers' professional development and the system of knowledge assessment is being improved.

The responsible persons reported on the developed proposals in this sphere.

It was noted that a new certification system based on advanced technologies has been introduced. More than 190 thousand teachers took part in it, 51 thousand teachers were promoted to the new category based on the results.

It was emphasized that it is necessary to constantly stimulate the increase in the number of professional and self-educated teachers in schools.

It was proposed to increase the salaries of teachers with the highest and first qualification category from September 2025.

It was instructed to develop and implement a separate professional development program for teachers who have not been certified and do not have sufficient experience.

In this process, it is necessary to make full use of the possibilities of professional development centers and teacher training colleges. To this end, based on the experience of the Presidential Schools, a system of professional development for the heads and teachers of kindergartens and schools will be organized at the Abdullah Avloni National Research Institute with a frequency of every 5 years.

A task has been set to transfer 11 pedagogical colleges in the regions under the authority of the Centers of Professional Development and attract trainers from abroad.

It was informed that kindergartens and schools, technical schools and "Barkamol Avlod" school will be established on the basis of teacher training colleges with low workload.

In order to disseminate best practices, the evaluation system of Presidential Schools was introduced in 500 schools last year. As a result, student achievement in these schools increased from 53 percent to 59 percent. A bonus of up to 40 percent has been set for school leaders and teachers of high-performing schools.

In this regard, starting from the new school year, this evaluation system will be applied in another 1,000 schools. They will be assigned to 182 specialized schools and 500 schools that have tested the system.

Also 270 schools will be equipped with interactive whiteboards, 365 schools will be provided with computer classes.

The presentation also considered a proposal to establish the National Institute of Pedagogy of Education on the basis of the Research Institute of Pedagogical Sciences of Uzbekistan named after Kary-Niyazi. The new institute will be entrusted with the tasks of strengthening makhalla-parents-school cooperation, creating educational literature for parents and children, and scientific research of didactic views of the Jadids. Activity of the Academic Council on 5 specialties will be organized, as well as training of personnel in master's and doctoral studies.

In addition, the issues of introducing international methods in the schools of sportsmanship of Bakhodir Jalolov and Oksana Chusovitina, improving the quality of education and training were touched upon.

The head of state gave instructions on improving the quality of teachers' training, organizing a fair system of evaluation and incentives.

On the Inaugural Meeting of the Peace Council in Washington

At the invitation of the President of the United States Donald Trump, President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev paid a working visit to Washington on February 17–19 to participate in the inaugural meeting of the Peace Council. The visit combined a substantive political agenda with an extensive economic program and resulted in a number of agreements aimed at further strengthening Uzbek-American strategic partnership and expanding bilateral cooperation across key sectors.

Expanding Participation in Addressing Global Challenges

The Peace Council is an intergovernmental initiative put forward by President Trump within the framework of the Gaza peace plan endorsed by the UN Security Council in November 2025. The establishment of this platform is intended not only to coordinate humanitarian assistance but also to create institutional mechanisms for long-term stabilization, reconstruction, and socio-economic recovery of the Gaza Strip, while reducing the risks of renewed escalation in the Middle East.

The Charter of the Peace Council was signed on January 22, 2026, on the sidelines of the World Economic Forum in Davos. Signatories included leaders and representatives of Azerbaijan, Argentina, Armenia, Bahrain, Bulgaria, Hungary, Indonesia, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Qatar, Morocco, Mongolia, the United Arab Emirates, Pakistan, Paraguay, Saudi Arabia, Türkiye, Uzbekistan, and Kosovo. Subsequently, Belarus, Albania, Cambodia, Egypt, El Salvador, Jordan, and Kuwait officially joined the group of founding states, expanding the Council’s geographic and political representation.

By joining the founding members at the invitation of the U.S. President, Uzbekistan reaffirmed its commitment to peaceful diplomacy, respect for international law, and shared responsibility for maintaining global stability. Uzbekistan recognized Palestine in 1994 and consistently supports the right of the Palestinian people to establish an independent state in accordance with international legal norms and UN resolutions.

Uzbekistan’s policy toward Gaza combines principled political positioning with practical humanitarian engagement. In 2023, Uzbekistan allocated $1.5 mln through UNRWA. In December 2023, 100 wounded Palestinian women and children were evacuated and provided with medical treatment and rehabilitation services. In 2025, Uzbekistan developed a comprehensive state support mechanism for Palestinian citizens received in the country, including asylum procedures, access to healthcare, education for children, and employment assistance. A dedicated fund under the National Agency for Social Protection was established to finance these measures through budgetary and charitable resources.

The inaugural meeting of the Peace Council held on February 19 in Washington brought together leaders and representatives of more than 40 countries. Discussions focused on humanitarian relief, infrastructure restoration, and ensuring the sustainability of the post-conflict recovery process. At the opening of the session, President Trump announced that nine countries – Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, the UAE, Morocco, Bahrain, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Uzbekistan, and Kuwait – had jointly pledged $7 bn in assistance to Gaza, while the United States committed an additional $10 bn to support the Council’s activities.

In his address, President Mirziyoyev expressed full support for the peace initiative and confirmed Uzbekistan’s readiness to participate practically in its implementation. Particular emphasis was placed on the principle that any external governance framework for Gaza must rely on internal public support in order to ensure legitimacy, stability, and long-term effectiveness.

Highlighting the importance of coordinated international efforts, the President noted that joint actions would help secure the sustainability of the post-conflict process and accelerate socio-economic recovery. Uzbekistan also declared its readiness to contribute to the construction of residential housing, schools, kindergartens, and healthcare facilities in Gaza, thereby supporting both humanitarian and development objectives.

The Palestinian and Gaza issue has remained on the international agenda for decades without a comprehensive solution. In this context, the creation of the Peace Council represents one of the most structured multilateral attempts in recent years to address the crisis, while Uzbekistan’s participation among the founding states reflects the growing recognition of its constructive diplomatic role.

Expanding Trade and Economic Cooperation

Alongside political dialogue, the economic dimension of the visit formed a central pillar of bilateral engagement. In recent years, Uzbekistan and the United States have steadily restored institutional mechanisms of strategic partnership and expanded practical cooperation.

Cooperation with the U.S. Export-Import Bank resumed in 2017 after a 13-year hiatus. Agreements were concluded between Amazon and Uztrade, while science, technology, and economic modernization were identified among priority cooperation areas. In 2018, a $100 mln memorandum on trade financing was signed between Eximbank and Uzbekistan’s National Bank for Foreign Economic Activity. Cooperation with Openbucks supported the development of e-commerce and digital payment infrastructure.

A major milestone was reached in September 2025 during the 80th UN General Assembly in New York, where negotiations between the two presidents resulted in the formation of a portfolio of contracts and prospective projects exceeding $100 bn. The agreements covered aviation, mining and chemicals, energy, finance, and innovation. Specific arrangements included cooperation with Denali Exploration Group on rare earth elements, Re Element Technologies in rare earth metals, Flowserve on modernization of pumping stations, Valmont Industries on water-saving technologies, and Palo Alto Networks in artificial intelligence.

During the Washington visit, President Mirziyoyev held meetings with U.S. Secretary of Commerce Howard Lutnick, Eximbank President John Jovanovic, DFC CEO Ben Black, and U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer. Discussions focused on expanding financing for major industrial and infrastructure projects, supporting high-tech equipment exports, launching a bilateral Investment Platform, advancing Uzbekistan’s WTO accession, and strengthening regional trade cooperation under TIFA. The agreement establishing the Investment Platform was formally signed during the visit.

Additional bilateral documents were concluded covering construction of fuel station networks, sprinkler irrigation technologies, extraction and supply of critical minerals, development of poultry clusters, agro-industrial cooperation, financial market development, and investment climate reforms. The economic agenda was identified as one of the key pillars of Uzbek-American strategic partnership, with priority cooperation areas including critical raw materials, petrochemicals, energy, agriculture, and industrial modernization.

Trade and Investment Dynamics

The intensification of bilateral cooperation has already produced tangible economic results. Between 2017 and 2025, trade turnover increased 4.7-fold from $215 mln to $1 bn. Exports grew 9.1-fold to $291.7 mln, while imports rose 3.9-fold to $712.3 mln.

Exports to the United States are dominated by services (81%), including programming, financial, information, and transport services. Petroleum products account for 8.6%, machinery and equipment 3.7%, food products 3.5%, and industrial goods 3.3%.

Imports from the United States are led by machinery and equipment (59%), including aircraft, vehicles, computing equipment, engines, pumps, and industrial installations. Services account for 20.5%, chemicals 9.7%, industrial goods 3.8%, food products 3.2%, and manufactured goods 2.2%.

Investment cooperation has expanded dynamically. U.S. FDI and loans increased nearly 64-fold from $8.6 mln in 2017 to $383.2 mln in 2025, with cumulative inflows exceeding $2.9 bn. As of February 2026, 346 enterprises with U.S. capital operate in Uzbekistan, including 146 joint ventures and 200 wholly foreign-owned firms. Investments are concentrated in manufacturing, mining, construction, services, and agriculture.

Prospects for Deeper Economic Partnership

Recent dynamics indicate a transition from trade expansion toward long-term technological and industrial partnership. While services dominate exports, significant untapped potential remains in agro-processing, textiles, non-ferrous metallurgy, and higher value-added manufacturing.

Given annual U.S. imports of $118 bn in textiles and apparel, $539 bn in food products, and $213 bn in pharmaceuticals, even limited market penetration could significantly expand Uzbek exports and rebalance their structure.

Technology cooperation represents a separate strategic track. The United States accounts for 45% of Uzbekistan’s IT exports, with 448 of 800 exporters supplying digital services to the U.S. market. The next phase may involve joint industrial production in electronics and microelectronics with companies such as NVIDIA, Intel, and Qualcomm, enabling integration into global value chains.

Energy cooperation could support infrastructure modernization and renewable energy deployment, while pharmaceutical localization and joint R&D with companies such as Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson, and Merck offer additional avenues for technology transfer and investment.

Privatization and PPP initiatives create further opportunities. By 2030, the private sector share in Uzbekistan’s economy is projected to reach 85%, with stakes in 2,000 enterprises planned for sale and $30 bn in PPP projects to be launched. Cooperation with U.S. capital markets, including the NYSE and Nasdaq, may further support the development of Uzbekistan’s financial infrastructure.

Conclusion

President Mirziyoyev’s visit to Washington and participation in the inaugural Peace Council meeting carry both diplomatic and economic significance.

Uzbekistan’s engagement in the Council strengthens its international standing and expands its contribution to addressing global challenges. At the same time, the agreements reached and the expanding portfolio of joint projects elevate Uzbek-American relations to a new stage characterized by deeper institutional cooperation, industrial integration, and long-term strategic trust.

Viktor Abaturov,

Center for Economic Research and Reforms

President Shavkat Mirziyoyev was reported the current work and plans for 2025 in automotive industry.

The share of automotive industry in the country's industry is 10 percent. Over the past ten months, 338 thousand passenger cars were produced. Components of 1.4 thousand types were localized. Thanks to economic measures, the cost price in the industry decreased by 4 percent. Exports amounted to $455 million.

The chairman of “Uzautosanoat” JSC presented information on plans and future tasks.

Next year it’s planned to manufacture 450 thousand cars and elevate exports to $700 million. It’s planned to strengthen cooperation with regional enterprises and boost localization. In particular, 63 projects worth $325 million on developing production of 700 components will be implemented. 

As is known, together with “BYD” company an automotive plant was built in Jizzakh. Currently such automobiles as Chazor and Song Plus Champion are produced there. In the upcoming years the model range is planned to be expanded. At the second stage worth $300 million it’s planned to expand the share of electric cars’ production to 200 thousand per year, at the third – to 500 thousand.

The Head of our state instructed to consistently master the production of components and spare parts for electric cars in agreement with the Chinese partners. 

The task was set to form orders for local enterprises based on cooperation.

Today, during a meeting with journalists, Azizbek Urunov, Special Representative of the President of Uzbekistan on WTO issues, answered questions from a correspondent of Dunyo Information Agency:

-How does WTO membership align with the “Uzbekistan - 2030” strategy?

-It fully aligns with it. Uzbekistan’s accession process to the World Trade Organization effectively began in the early days of the large-scale reforms launched under the leadership of President Shavkat Mirziyoyev in 2017. In the initial years, the primary focus was placed on urgent and systemic economic reforms.

These included the liberalization of currency policy, a comprehensive revision of foreign trade policy and a significant reduction and simplification of import tariffs, which helped strengthen competition in the economy and the domestic market.

The active phase of WTO accession negotiations began in 2020. Prior to that, over a period of three to four years, the country deliberately prepared its economy and regulatory framework to meet WTO requirements. A frequently asked question is why the accession process has taken so long, given that Uzbekistan submitted its application back in 1994. Meaningful progress only began after 2020, as before that time the economy and its regulatory mechanisms objectively did not meet WTO standards.

Before 2016, foreign trade was subject to strict regulation. For example, there was a practice of approving a limited list of enterprises authorized to export, particularly in the agricultural sector. The main participants in foreign economic activity were state structures and foreign trade companies affiliated with sectoral ministries.

However, WTO principles are based on equal conditions for all market participants and non-discriminatory access to foreign trade activities. That is why, as part of the reforms, foreign trade policy was comprehensively revised and liberalized. Today, any enterprise has the right to engage in foreign economic activity.

This was not merely an issue of currency convertibility, but rather a set of comprehensive reforms of the entire foreign trade regulatory system, including the elimination of exclusive rights held by state enterprises and the creation of a competitive environment.

I believe it is no secret that the WTO accession process is under the personal oversight of the President of the country. Over the past two to three years, a qualitative breakthrough has been achieved and today Uzbekistan is at the final stage of the negotiation process.

– What long-term national interests does Uzbekistan aim to protect through its accession to the WTO?

As a developing country, Uzbekistan, in accordance with WTO agreements, retains the right to protect certain sectors of the economy in the event of specific difficulties. At the same time, it is important to remember that the fundamental goals of the WTO are to improve the welfare of the population, create jobs and ensure sustainable economic development for member countries.

From a strategic perspective, WTO membership serves two key objectives for Uzbekistan.

The first is exports. Without an active export policy and integration into global value chains, achieving long-term and sustainable economic growth is virtually impossible. Relying solely on the domestic market has inherent limitations. As the domestic market becomes saturated, growth potential diminishes and further development is only possible through expanding presence in foreign markets.

The second objective is investment, primarily quality investment. It is important not only to attract capital but also to ensure its technological, institutional and managerial value. WTO membership sends an international signal that the country’s economy operates under transparent, predictable and investor-friendly rules.

This creates additional conditions for the development of industry and the service sector. Today, about half of Uzbekistan’s GDP is generated by the services sector, indicating its enormous potential for further growth.

Furthermore, Uzbekistan’s geographic location offers significant opportunities. The country is surrounded by dynamically developing markets such as China, the European Union, the Middle East, and India. The active economic development of Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Qatar, Kuwait and other countries generates steady demand for agricultural and industrial products as well as services. This creates favorable conditions for integrating Uzbekistan into global value chains.

– Is it already possible today - at least approximately, in monetary terms - to estimate the total benefit to Uzbek businesses from the removal of tariff regulations within the framework of Uzbekistan’s accession to the World Trade Organization?

– Ten years ago, Uzbekistan’s GDP was around USD 50 billion. By the end of 2025, it had reached approximately USD 147 billion.

Whereas an increase of, say, 5 billion dollars used to represent about 10 percent of GDP, today it accounts for only around 3 percent. Therefore, it is more important to talk not about absolute figures, but about the additional momentum for economic growth.

According to World Bank estimates, WTO membership could provide an additional GDP growth of roughly 17 percent over the next 5–7 years. In the longer term, international studies indicate that developing countries that are WTO members typically achieve an extra 1–1.5 percent GDP growth per year compared with non-member states.

Even a 1 percent additional growth per year, accumulated over 5, 10, or 15 years, can significantly transform a country’s economy.

– What specific instruments and legal mechanisms of WTO rules will work to protect the interests of Uzbekistan and its businesses?

– First and foremost, this concerns the protection of export interests. Today, there are often situations where partners are willing to purchase our raw materials but react negatively to shipments of processed products with high added value. In such cases, discriminatory measures aimed at limiting our exports may be applied.

WTO membership will allow Uzbekistan to challenge such actions in Geneva through the dispute settlement mechanisms and on a bilateral basis, relying on the universal principles of the WTO. This provides protection against unilateral and unjustified trade restrictions.

On the domestic market, the key instruments will be so-called trade remedies - anti-dumping, countervailing and safeguard measures. Currently, draft laws regulating these mechanisms are being developed in Uzbekistan.

The WTO provides developing countries with a longer time frame for applying protective measures: up to eight years and under special conditions - up to ten years. These instruments allow temporary protection for industries under pressure from imports, provided there is evidence of serious economic harm.

Anti-dumping measures are particularly important. Dumping is usually used to push competitors out of the market, followed by the establishment of monopoly prices. WTO legislation allows countries to effectively counteract such practices.

Alongside legislative development, Uzbekistan is preparing national specialists with the support of international experts. Their task is to ensure the competent and professional application of these mechanisms in practice, in the interests of fair competition and the protection of national businesses.

Dunyo IA

Tashkent

ART

The Tashkent International Biennale of Contemporary Art has been held every two years since 2001 with government support. It serves as an open platform for cultural exchange in the visual arts, showcasing the modern creative potential of different countries and discussing current issues in contemporary art.

The theme of the X Tashkent International Biennale of Contemporary Art in 2024 is "Art and World". Conceptually, it explores the relationship between art and modern reality through the works of artists from various countries. This theme prompts reflection on the nature of the modern world: Does it possess integrity? Today, the world is characterized by polar stances, clashes, and numerous challenges related to preservation, ecology, morality, culture, and identity, spanning personal to state levels. Its landscape is shaped by opposition influenced by globalization, geopolitics, technogenic civilization, and artificial intelligence. How does contemporary art reflect on the modern world?

Simultaneously, the X Tashkent International Biennale aims to showcase various trends and new directions in contemporary art to the general public. It seeks to enhance international cultural relations, strengthen the creative dialogue between cultures, and highlight the achievements of different countries in visual art. The Biennale focuses on liberating creative consciousness, demonstrating pluralism in creative exploration, and illustrating the specifics of the postmodern condition in different countries. It addresses the state of intertextuality in modern art and the preservation or disappearance of local traditions in the era of globalization.

The concept of the Biennale is dedicated to displaying a multicultural lifestyle through the prism of contemporary art. The works presented will reflect diverse artistic expressions that uphold humanistic values. The theme provides an opportunity to explore concepts such as ecology, culture, tolerance, modern orientalism, identity, artificial intelligence, technogenic civilization, and the inner world of individuals.

FOR MORE DETAILS: biennale.uzbekistan@gmail.com, +998-71-233-04-27

Curator of the X Tashkent International Biennale of Contemporary Art:

Sukhrob Kurbanov - Art Critic and Art Historian.

Coordinator of the event:

Asya Tuychiyeva - Head of the Department for International Relations, Academy of Arts of Uzbekistan.

The exhibition will bring together more than 100 companies and brands from 12 countries.

The specialised international exhibition of the beauty, cosmetology, and perfumery-cosmetics industry – Beauty Uzbekistan 2026 – will take place from April 28 to April 30 at the CAEx Uzbekistan exhibition complex in Tashkent.

Beauty Uzbekistan is a professional B2B exhibition that brings together manufacturers and distributors of cosmetic products, aesthetic medicine specialists, retail representatives, salon business owners, and professionals in the personal care sector. The exhibition provides direct access to leading global brands, innovative products, and cutting-edge technologies, while offering valuable opportunities to establish business connections, and gain early insight into key trends in the beauty industry.

The exhibition will feature more than 100 companies and brands from 12 countries: Azerbaijan, China, Georgia, Italy, Kyrgyzstan, Republic of Korea, Poland, Russia, Sweden, Spain, UAE, and Uzbekistan. National pavilions from the Republic of Korea and Poland will showcase advanced beauty industry solutions and the export potential of these countries.

According to the organizers, the main sections of the exhibition are:

- Beauty Uzbekistan – covering the full spectrum of the perfumery and cosmetics industry, including makeup and skincare cosmetics, fragrances, personal care products, and hair industry products.

- Beauty Derma Central Asia – a dedicated segment focused on aesthetic medicine, device-based cosmetology, and anti-ageing solutions. This section of the exhibition will present advanced technologies for clinics and industry professionals, including injectable treatments, as well as next-generation laser and energy-based technologies.

Traditionally, the exhibition will feature a comprehensive business programme, including specialised seminars, expert-led sessions, and professional discussions.

Dedicated programme segments will address key developments in aesthetic medicine, balneology, and SPA industry, including scientific approaches in aesthetic medicine (CYTOLIFE / MedTenderGroup, Russia), as well as advanced solutions in balneological equipment and hydrotherapy technologies (Physiotechnika, Russia).

A specialised session on fragrance solutions presented by the Swiss Company LUZI may be of particular interest to industry professional and household chemical manufacturers.

Beauty Uzbekistan 2026 is more than just an exhibition — it is a dynamic professional platform where business, medicine, technology, and the latest beauty trends converge. 

The event is organised by Iteca Exhibitions, an international exhibition company, in partnership with ICA Eurasia Group, informed that one can register to visit the exhibition on the website: www.beautypro.uz.

IA “Dunyo”

Following the results of Q1 2026, the ranking of large banks underwent notable changes. While the leading group remained intact, positions within the segment were reshuffled. In the small-bank category, movements were also significant, pointing to continued realignment and stronger competition across the sector.

The Center for Economic Research and Reforms presented the updated Bank Ranking based on the results of the Banking Activity Index for Q1 2026.

The study covers 34 commercial banks of the republic, including 20 classified as large financial institutions by scale and branch network, while the remaining 14 were categorized as small banks.

The methodology is based on the analysis of 27 indicators benchmarked against national averages and international standards, including the requirements of the Basel Committee. The ranking serves as an important tool for enhancing transparency and strengthening confidence in the financial system. This approach is consistent with international practice and is widely used by leading financial institutions.

Financial Results for Q1 2026

During the reporting period, total assets of the banking sector amounted to 932.3 tn sums ($76.3 bn), while liabilities reached 793.9 tn sums ($64.9 bn). Lending increased by 14%, while deposits grew by 32%. The aggregate capital of the banking system was fully denominated in the national currency. Net profit reached 3.1 tn sums ($254 mn), which is 36.3% higher than a year earlier.

During the period under review, the share of non-performing loans declined to 3.3%, compared with 4.5% a year earlier, indicating improved portfolio quality. At the same time, in several banks the ratio remains above the sector average. Capital adequacy indicators exceed minimum regulatory requirements by more than 1.4 times, confirming the resilience of the banking sector.

Large Banks Activity Ranking for Q1 2026

The results of Q1 2026 show that despite the relative stability at the top of the ranking, both categories of banks recorded notable positional changes.

In the large-bank segment, performance was mixed. Out of 20 banks, 7 improved their positions, 8 declined, and 5 retained their previous places. This reflects a high level of competition and the ongoing redistribution of market positions.

The most notable progress was demonstrated by Tenge Bank, which moved up by 6 positions. Three more banks — Agrobank, Invest Finance Bank, and Xalq Bank — advanced by 2 positions each. Positive momentum was also recorded by Ipak Yuli Bank, Asia Alliance Bank, and Hamkorbank, all of which improved their standing in the overall ranking.

At the same time, several large banks recorded lower activity levels. The most significant decline was observed at Orient Finans Bank and Trast Bank, which fell by 5 and 3 positions respectively.

Changes Across Key Indicators

Financial Intermediation. The leading positions were taken by Invest Finance Bank, Anor Bank and Kapitalbank. In this ranking, Davr Bank and Hamkorbank fell by 4 positions, while Ipoteka Bank declined by 1 position.

Financial Accessibility. The leaders were Agrobank, Anor Bank and BRB. Under this indicator, declines were mainly observed among leading banks: Kapitalbank (-3 positions), Hamkorbank (-7), Asia Alliance Bank (-1), Ipak Yuli Bank (-5), and Trast Bank (-6). The strongest improvement in this ranking was recorded by Tenge Bank (+8), Xalq Bank, Davr Bank (+5), and Agrobank (+4).

Capital Adequacy. The top positions were occupied by Orient Finance Bank, Trast Bank and Halk Bank. At the same time, Agrobank dropped by 4 positions, while Aloqa Bank declined by 2 positions.

Asset Quality. The leaders were Hamkorbank, Asia Alliance Bank and Ipak Yuli Bank. Turonbank fell by 5 positions, while Asakabank, Mikrokreditbank, SQB, Trast Bank and Anor Bank each declined by 2 positions.

Management Efficiency. The highest positions were held by SQB, Orient Finance Bank and NBU. At the same time, Asaka Bank dropped by 5 positions, while BRB declined by 4 positions.

Profitability. The leaders were Hamkorbank, Trast Bank and Asia Alliance Bank. Turon Bank, after falling by 3 positions, ranked last. In this ranking, Kapitalbank, Asia Alliance Bank, Anor Bank and Davr Bank declined by 2 positions, while Ipoteka Bank and Mikrokreditbank fell by 1 position.

Liquidity. The leaders were Asia Alliance Bank, Ipak Yuli Bank and Trast Bank. At the same time, Mikrokreditbank, Ipoteka Bank, Anor Bank and SQB each declined by 1 position.

Small Banks Activity Ranking for Q1 2026

The small-bank group remained relatively stable, with leading institutions retaining their positions. The main changes in this category were concentrated in the middle segment, where several banks improved their standing due to stronger financial intermediation and higher profitability.

Within this group, 8 out of 14 financial institutions improved their rankings. The most notable gains were recorded by AVO Bank and Apex Bank, both rising by 3 positions. TBC became the leader of the ranking.

At the same time, 5 banks moved down, with the sharpest decline recorded by Octobank, which lost 6 positions. Saderat Bank, Garant Bank, and Ziraat Bank each rose by 2 positions. The ranking was rounded out by Open Bank and Uzum Bank, both up by 1 position.

Jafar Khidirov, CERR

CERR Banking and Financial Sector Research Sector
Tel: (78) 150 02 02 (441)

CERR Public Relations and Media Sector
Tel: (78) 150 02 02 (417)

The text of the article is in Uzbek language!

Uzbekistan and Turkey are consistently developing bilateral and multilateral cooperation in the fields of ecology and environmental protection, paying special attention to the exchange of experience, the introduction of modern technologies, and the professional development of specialists.

Representatives of the National Committee for Ecology and Climate Change of the Republic of Uzbekistan regularly participate in seminars, training courses, and other events organized by international structures in the Republic of Turkey. Such cooperation formats serve to strengthen professional ties and adopt advanced approaches in the field of environmental management.

One of the significant stages of cooperation was a meeting with a delegation from "OSTIM Energik," a company specialized in clustering technologies in renewable energy and ecology under Turkey’s Middle East Industry and Trade Center (OSTIM). During the negotiations, the parties discussed prospects for cooperation on air purification systems, the construction of water treatment facilities, the development of renewable energy sources, as well as the processing of domestic and agricultural waste.

Within the framework of developing practical cooperation, a business trip was organized for a delegation from the State Center for Ecological Expertise under the Committee. The goal was to study advanced foreign experience in the field of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), including modern methods of ecological expertise and monitoring.

Additionally, a joint event was held in Tashkent with the participation of the Turkish company "Cengiz Group" regarding the reduction of the number of vehicles and the strengthening of environmental control over them. This initiative was aimed at reducing pollutant emissions and increasing environmental responsibility in the transport sector.

A distinct direction of cooperation is related to the development of scientific and educational ties. Partnerships have been established between the Turkish State Meteorological Service and the Hydrometeorology Research Institute of Uzbekistan, in collaboration with the Faculty of Ecology at Ege University in Izmir and the Central Asian University for the Study of Environment and Climate Change. This cooperation is directed towards retraining specialists and enhancing their professional skills in environmental protection and climate research.

The active cooperation between the two countries continues on international platforms as well. Within the framework of the climate forum held in Samarkand on the theme "Global Climate Challenges and Central Asia – Solidarity for Common Prosperity," a youth session was held with the participation of Turkish representatives. This constituted a significant contribution to shaping a new generation of environmental leaders.

The participation of the Ecology Committee delegation, led by Aziz Abduhakimov, Advisor to the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Environmental Issues and Chairman of the National Committee for Ecology and Climate Change, in the "Zero Waste" international forum organized by the "Zero Waste Foundation" in Istanbul was also a significant milestone. During the forum, global approaches to waste reduction, the development of a circular economy, and the introduction of sustainable consumption principles were discussed.

Furthermore, a delegation from the Forestry Agency under the Committee visited the Mugla province and the city of Antalya to study Turkey’s best practices in forestry, sustainable forest resource management, and the prevention of ecosystem degradation.

In conclusion, the cooperation between Uzbekistan and Turkey in the field of ecology and environmental protection is of a systemic and multifaceted nature, covering technological, scientific, educational, and institutional directions. The implementation of joint initiatives serves to introduce modern environmental solutions, increase the stability of natural ecosystems, and strengthen international partnership in the interests of sustainable development.

Makhmud Khaydarov,

Chief specialist Department of international cooperation and rankings of the Ministry of Ecology, Environmental Protection and Climate Change

President of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev arrived in the Azerbaijani city of Gabala to participate in the summit of the Organization of Turkic States (OTS).

Due to its geographical position, historical ties, and natural resources, the Organization of Turkic States is becoming an increasingly significant platform for cooperation at this new stage of development. At the same time, OTS serves as a cultural bridge, fostering closer ties between the peoples of its member countries.

The Organization is based on the principles of equality and mutual interest, non-interference in internal affairs, and respect for the sovereignty of states - principles widely recognized by the international community.

The OTS comprises five member states: Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkiye, and Uzbekistan. Hungary, Turkmenistan, and the Economic Cooperation Organization hold observer status.

The current name of the Organization was introduced on November 12, 2021, at the initiative of the President of Uzbekistan. Previously, it was known as the Cooperation Council of Turkic Speaking States.

The primary goal of the OTS is to strengthen trust and multifaceted ties among the brotherly nations, to promote cooperation in trade, economy, energy, transport, tourism, cultural and humanitarian spheres, and to coordinate efforts to ensure peace and security in the region.

The conceptual foundation for achieving these objectives is the “Turkic Vision – 2040” program, adopted following the Eighth Summit of Heads of State held in Istanbul in November 2021.

For Uzbekistan, which joined the Organization in 2019, participation has become an important step not only in strengthening economic and political ties but also in preserving and developing the shared cultural identity of the Turkic world.

Uzbekistan chaired the OTS in 2022–2023, beginning with the Samarkand Summit in November 2022 under the motto “A New Era of Turkic Civilization: Towards Common Development and Prosperity”.

During its chairmanship, more than 100 events were held, and new platforms for practical cooperation were created. Uzbekistan pursued an open, inclusive, and diverse model of interaction, embracing various regions and civilizations.

The adoption of the “OTS Strategy for 2022–2026” at the Samarkand Summit became a major milestone. This document marked the first roadmap for the implementation of the “Turkic Vision – 2040” concept.

President Shavkat Mirziyoyev has actively participated in OTS summits since Uzbekistan joined the Organization. In particular, he took part in the meetings of the Council of Heads of State on November 6, 2024, in Bishkek and May 21, 2025, in Budapest.

These meetings focused on the current state and future prospects of multilateral cooperation, as well as key issues of practical partnership.

In his address at the informal summit in Budapest, the President emphasized the complexity of today’s geopolitical and geo-economic situation, the intensification of regional conflicts, and the impact of climate change.

He stressed the importance of resolving international issues based on international law and the UN Charter, and the need for common positions and coordinated approaches among member states.

Speaking about the development of practical cooperation within the OTS, the President noted the enormous untapped potential and put forward several new initiatives.

Particular importance is attached to Uzbekistan’s proposal to sign a Treaty on Strategic Partnership, Eternal Friendship, and Brotherhood among the Turkic States, which would represent a significant step toward deeper unity and the creation of a long-term legal foundation for multilateral cooperation.

“Last year, we proposed developing a treaty on strategic partnership, eternal friendship, and brotherhood among the Turkic states. Today, the significance of this document is growing. Undoubtedly, it will promote further unity among our peoples and solidify the long-term legal framework for multilateral cooperation. I propose signing this document at the summit in Baku”, - the President stated.

Since 2019, President Shavkat Mirziyoyev has put forward 98 practical initiatives at OTS summits aimed at advancing multilateral cooperation. More than 70 have already been implemented, and about 30 are in the process of realization.

For Uzbekistan, the main priority within the OTS is the economy. The country is currently focused on boosting exports, attracting investment, creating jobs, addressing unemployment, and reducing poverty. All these goals are closely tied to global economic integration, where the OTS format can support further coordination and development of production chains.

The total area of the OTS member states is approximately 4.2 million square kilometers, with a combined population of over 170 million - representing vast opportunities and a substantial market.

Under existing agreements, the OTS is viewed as an effective mechanism for regional cooperation with great integrative potential. Trade and economic indicators between member states are growing every year.

Today, OTS countries collectively rank third - after China and Russia - among Uzbekistan’s external trade partners. In 2024, mutual trade volume reached nearly $10 billion, accounting for about 15% of the country's total foreign trade.

Trade relations with Kazakhstan - Uzbekistan’s largest trade partner within the OTS - and Turkiye - the second largest - are showing particularly strong growth. By the end of 2024, trade turnover with Kazakhstan reached $4.28 billion, and with Turkiye, $2.9 billion.

Trade with Azerbaijan also continues to show positive dynamics. Notably, mutual trade volumes with OTS partners are setting new records each year.

Uzbekistan’s key exports to OTS markets include textiles, electrical products, automobiles, fruits and vegetables, and non-ferrous metals. Imports from OTS countries consist of rolled metal, aluminum, mechanical tools, construction materials, petroleum products, and a significant portion of grain and other food items.

To maintain and accelerate this positive trend, it is crucial to implement President Shavkat Mirziyoyev’s initiatives, including the creation of the “TURK-TRADE” online platform to facilitate and speed up trade operations, and the adoption of a Program of Practical Measures to Expand Trade aimed at increasing mutual trade volumes.

Industrial cooperation is also a vital area. Uzbekistan is actively supporting the development of this sector and promoting the establishment of new enterprises with capital from OTS countries. This year, the number of such enterprises is expected to reach approximately 4 thousand, representing a 60% increase compared to 2019. Their share in the total number of foreign-capital enterprises in Uzbekistan is projected to reach approximately 20%.

Transport cooperation is receiving special attention. OTS countries are steadily increasing their role in global transit. In 2024, freight traffic through the Middle Corridor reached 4.5 million tons - almost six times more than in 2020. This growth underscores the strategic importance of infrastructure projects like the China–Kyrgyzstan–Uzbekistan railway.

Member countries are also working to ensure secure and reliable transport and energy corridors across the Caucasus and Central Asia. These efforts not only facilitate trade expansion but also contribute to economic independence and regional prosperity.

Uzbekistan is actively involved in cultural and historical heritage preservation and promotion. In education, the country supports student and scholar exchange programs, strengthens cooperation between universities and research centers of Turkic states, and promotes joint academic initiatives and knowledge-sharing platforms. Key areas of Uzbekistan’s proposals also include projects in energy and environmental protection.

In conclusion, President Shavkat Mirziyoyev's participation in the OTS summit in Azerbaijan will be another important step in advancing forward-looking initiatives for the development of the Turkic world and strengthening peace and stability in the region. This visit will also serve as a new impetus for the consolidation of unity and the enhancement of the well-being of the peoples of the Turkic states.